1903 
i 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER. 
329 
ARRANGING COW SHED. 
1 have a cow shed 20 x 40 feet that I 
want to cement and pnt in stanchions. 1 
have plenty of small stones and good sainl, 
but gravel is not so handy. How would it 
do to put in six to 12 inches of .small stone 
in the bottom and then cement on top. or 
should I mix thin cement with the stone 
first? I want to make a good permanent 
job of it. How much room should I have 
between the cows? I am obliged to have 
the stanchions run across the shed and I 
should think 1 could get four rows of 
cattle across it. Is there any best stan¬ 
chion? c. I. 
Rochester, N. Y. 
First, level tlie earth with plow and 
scraper if necessary. Then put in the 
small stones about six inches deep, ex¬ 
cept where the gutter is to be built. 
There dig out a trench two feet wide and 
one foot deep; fill in the bottom with 
small stone the same as the floor space, 
lay up a wall on each side of the gutter 
two inches from the side of gutter when 
finished. Then fill in between these 
small stones with a cheap cement, one 
part mixed very thin, with sand four 
parts. On the top use sand two parts 
and best hydraulic or Portland cement 
one part, inches thick, then put a 
form into this bottom 15 inches wide and 
eight inches next to the cows and six 
inches on the back, and fill in with Port¬ 
land same as bottom. After the cement 
has set take out the form and move it 
along and build another section. Treat 
the whole stable floor same way. Wher¬ 
ever you are to use a bed piece for stan¬ 
chion or partition anchor iron pipe or 
rods in the earth and through the stone 
and cement, projecting through the fin¬ 
ished floor two inches; upon these lay a 
scantling and you have a permanent bed 
piece. As good a floor will be made this 
way as can be made with gravel. If I 
had this 20x40 space I should by all 
means run the stanchions lengthwise; 20 
feet is just right width for manger or 
feeding alley six feet, platform nearly 
five feet, gutter feet, drive-way to 
haul manure six feet, total 18V4 feet. The 
side walls will use the other two feet. 
Putting them in crosswise will make a 
chopped-up affair, always making for 
much labor in handling manure. The 
width of platform and space for cows 
will depend upon their size. Channel 
Island cows will stand upon four feet 
eight inches and three feet apart. Hol- 
steins need five feet and often five feet 
two inches, and not less than 31^ feet 
apart. Cows must have room or they 
will be continually in trouble. The gut¬ 
ter should be 15 inches wide, eight inches 
deep next to the cows and six inches on 
the back. I am not sure that there is 
any best stanchion or tie. Of course 
sellers of various patented devices all 
have the best. I am using swing stan¬ 
chions hung with chains, homemade, 
light, neat and serviceable. Cows ai'e as 
comfortable as in ties, they are easily 
and quickly opened and closed, and al¬ 
together the most satisfactory cow fas¬ 
tener yet devised. Several excellent stan¬ 
chions are advertised in Tiik R. N.-Y. 
11. K. COOK. 
will only rarely prove a profitable milk¬ 
er and vice, versa. In cases where the 
vitality of the cow is drawn heavily up¬ 
on for milk production, I should say do 
not breed her annually; allow, say 15 
months between births. This will give 
her ample time for full recuperation, and 
let me add that these deep milkers are 
so hard to get that we should use great 
care to prolong their milking period for 
at least 10 years. I have no sympathy 
with the notion that it is good dairy 
wisdom to wear out a cow in a couple 
of years, without regard to the value of 
the animal. I do not wish to say that 
corn and rye would produce abortion, 
but if the cows were constitutionally 
weak then these foods, that are of all 
foods deficient in blood and nerve ma¬ 
terial, would have a tendency to bring 
on further weakness and final abortion. 
A slip or fall or any unusual exercise 
would quickly cause this. I should not 
run the risk of feeding such carbon¬ 
aceous foods. No foods are so safe and 
effectual as bran or oats or these mixed. 
Every element is found that is required 
—protein, ash and' nerve force. Of 
course these are all preventive mea¬ 
sures. When the trouble is at hand I 
should at once isolate the cows, using 
some of the carbolic preparations ac¬ 
cording to directions, also using them in 
the stables freely as a disinfectant. If 
H. G. will at once begin a careful study 
of foods and cow requirements with 
these suggestions as a starter I think he 
will come to the same conclusions llial 
I have, viz., that abortion is not a provi¬ 
dential visitation over which we have no 
control, but simply the natural working 
out of excesses and abuses which we 
have often not understood, but more fre¬ 
quently resulting from ignorance. 
31. E. COOK. 
Cow Gives Bitter Milk. 
My cow for the past year has frequently 
given bitter miik for periods of a week at 
a time, the milk being stringy or clotted. 
She had a fall last Summer, by having her 
feet entangled in a rope while being tied 
out at pasture. f. f. m. 
Catawissa, Pa. 
It is very difficult to diagnose the case 
without seeing the cow. I should say, 
however, that it was a case of weak ud¬ 
der tissue, highly susceptible to cold 
and injury. If it was bitter milk and 
otherwise good I would think it was con¬ 
taminated after being drawn. The germ 
that produces bitter milk can only be 
eradicated by thoroughly sterilizing 
every dish into which milk is turned. If 
it is bitter and stringy when milked of 
course it is unfit for food, and the udder 
should be bathed in hot sait water if in¬ 
flamed. Keep her in a warm place and 
where she will have plenty of room to 
lie down. Iwany cows injure the udder 
over the 'trench when the platform is 
too short. It is possible the accident 
mentioned may have caused the trouble. 
Keep the digestion and bowels in good 
condition. h. e. c. 
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( 
6 " 
A FEW OF THE 
MANY VERY PROMINENT USERS 
OF THE 
DE LAVAL CREAM SEPARATORS 
ABORTION IN COWS. 
Has feed anything to do with cows losing 
their calves? I have fed corn in ear and 
rye ground together, about one-fourth rye. 
Can you give a subscriber any information 
on cause and cure if any? h. g. 
Rhinebeck, N. Y. 
Probably no question confronts the 
dairy farmer about which there is so 
little true conception as this one of abor¬ 
tion. We ought to have a treatise hung 
up in every cow stable, it seems to me; 
something along this line. We have 
come to think if abortion occurs that 
some remedy at once used may become 
a safe specific. In my judgment the 
cause, except in case of injury, is deep 
seated. That is, organic weakness may 
have been developing for a long time. 
We ask a nearly continuous milking 
period and annual reproduction—a 
strong constitution and digestion only 
will prove equal to the emergency. It 
Is hard to divide energy. The beef cow 
U. S. Department of Agriculture, Washington, D. C. 
Hon. Levi P. Morton, Ex-Vice President of the United States. 
J. Pierpont Morgan, Esq., the great banker and financier. 
Jas. J. Hill, Esq., the great Western railroad magnate. 
John D. Rockefeller, Esq., President Standard Oil Co. 
Wm. K. Vanderbilt, Esq., New York City, 
Richard AVatson Gilder, Esq., Editor "Century” Magazine. 
H. B. Curler, Esq., the best known American dairyman. 
Fred’k G. Bourne, Esq., President Singer Sewing Machine Co. 
August Belmont, Esq., the New York banker. 
J. B. Duke, Esq., President American Tobacco Co. 
Nathan Straus, Esq., of R. H. Macy & Co., New York City. 
Geo. Burnham, Esq., President Baldwin Locomotive Works. 
Dr. Chas. McBurney, the great surgeon. 
Hon. Wayne MacVeagh, Ex-U. S, Attorney General. 
Geo. W. Vanderbilt, Esq., of Biltmore, N. C. 
James Stillman, Esq., Pres’t Nat’l City Bank, New York City. 
Ex-Gov. W. D. Hoard, Proprietor of “ Hoard’s Dairyman.” 
W. L. Elkins, Esq., the Philadelphia street railway magnate. 
Ex-U. S. Senator Warner Miller, of Herkimer, N. Y. 
John H. Starin, Esq., of “Glen Island” and steamship fame. 
H. McK. Twombly, Esq., owner of the finest dairy in the world. 
J. C. Hoagland, Esq., President Royal Baking Powder Co. 
W. R. Gbace, Esq., of W. R. Grace & Co., New York. 
John Huyler, Esq., the great New York candy maker. 
Judge Warren B. Hooker, of Fredonia, N. Y. 
C. I. Hood, Esq., of sarsaparilla and fancy cattle fame. 
Mrs. E. M. Jones, of Canada, most famous of dairy women. 
Geo. II. Ellis, Esq., Proprietor of “ Christian Register,” Boston. 
W. H. Wanamakeh, Esq., the Philadelphia clothier. 
Frank E. DeLong, Esq., of “ Hook and Eye” fame. 
Ex-Gov. John Lee Carroll, of Maryland. 
Dr. Chas. H. Frazier, Medical Dean Univ. of Pennsylvania. 
Green Mountain Stock Farm, famous Vermont buttermakers. 
Dh. j. A. Mead, Pres’t Howe Scale Co. 
Prof. F. S. Cooley, Massachusetts Agricultural College. 
N. I. Bowditch, Esq., millionaire fancy farmer. 
Fred. G. Crane, Esq., of the Crane Paper Co. 
Philip Moen, Esq., the great wire manufacturer. 
CoL. Alfred A. Pope, Pres’t American Bicycle Co. 
Walter W. Law, Esq., owner Briarcliff Manor Farms. 
C. P. Goodrich, Esq., the well known dairy writer. 
W. Campbell Clark, Esq., of the Clark Thread Co. 
Geo. j. Gould, Esq., the railway and financial Magnate. 
Oakleioh Thorne, Esq., Pres’t North American Trust Co. 
and thousands of others 
The Royal Dairy, Sandringham, England. 
E. H. Harriman, Esq., the Pacific railway magnate. 
Wm. Rockefeller, Esq., of the Standard Oil Co. 
Hon. Whitelaw Reid, owner of the New York “Tribune.” 
Abram S. Hewitt Estate, Kingwood, N. J. 
Dr. Leslie D. Ward, Prudential Life Insurance Co. 
F. L. Chapman, Esq., editor of the “ Ram’s Horn.” 
Clement A. Griscom, Esq., Pres’t great steamship combination, 
Samuel R. Shipley, Esq., Pres’t Provident Life & Trust Co. 
James Dobson, Esq , the famous carpet manufacturer. 
Jos. L. Jones, Esq., Pres’t Philadelphia Milk E.xchange. 
Hon. H. K. Boyer, Ex-Supt. the U. S. Mint. 
John Lowber Welsh, Esq., Pres’t Keystone Watch Case Co. 
W.M. 11. Baldwin, Esq , Pi-es’t Long Island Railway Co. 
Henry O. Havemeyer, Rsq., Pres’t American Sugar Company. 
Henry C. Tinker, Esq., Pres’t Liberty Nat’l Bank, New York. 
Edw. R. Strawbridge, Esq., of Strawbridge & Clothier, Phila. 
J. A. Whipple, Esq., Prop’t Touraine & Young’s hotels, Boston. 
Hon. F. E. Dawley, State Uirectoi Farm Institutes, New York. 
F. L. Houghton, Esq.,Sec’y “Holstein-Friesian” Breeders’Ass’n. 
Chester W. Chapin, Esq., of New York City. 
Pennock E. Sharpless, Esq., of “ Sharpless’’ butter fame. 
Prof. W. II. Caldwell, Sec’y American Guernsey Cattle Club. 
Walker-Gordon Laboratories, all large cities. 
J. C. Leslie, Esq., Sup’t St. Albans Foundry Co. 
Jas. a. Ku.mrill, Esq., Ex-President Boston & Albany Railroad. 
Sam’l Hauodahl, Esq., Grand Prize butter winner, Paris Exp’n. 
W. A. Sh.vw, Esq., Proprietor of the “Texas Farmer.” 
Fairfield “Certified” Dairies, Montclair, N. J. 
Hon. Edward Burnett, of “Deerfoot Farm” fame. 
H. D. Louohlin, Esq., President American Brakebeam Co. 
Gottfried Kreugeu, Esq., the great Newark brewer. 
Geo. H. Southard, Esq., Pres't Franklin Trust Co., Brooklyn. 
J. McLain Smith, Esq., Editor of “ Farmer’s Home,” Dayton, O. 
B. P. Norton, Esq., State Dairy Commissioner, Iowa. 
Geo. E. Haskell, Esq , Pres. Nat. Creamery Buttermakers’Ass’n. 
Isaac Ross, Esq., Pres’t Alabama State Dairymakers’ Ass’u. 
Joseph Newman, Esq., Pres’t Illinois State Dairymen’s Ass’n. 
Chas. M. Bull, Esq., Pres’t Massachusetts Creamery Ass’n. 
J. H. Rushton, Esq., Pres’t Nebraska State Dairymen’s Ass’n. 
G. F. Weston, Esq., Pi'cs’t No. Carolina State Dairymen’s Ass’n. 
M. A. Adams, Esq., Pres’t Vermont State Dairymen’s Ass’n. 
Edw. Van Alstyne, Esq , Sup’t Model Dairy, Buffalo E.tp’n. 
W. H. Gilbert, Esq., Sup’t Chicago World’s Fair Dairy. 
Wm. a. Wright, Esq., Presideut New York Milk Exchange, 
almost as well known. 
A De Laval Catalogue and any desired particulars regarding Cream Separators may be had for the asking 
THE DE LAVAL SEPARATOR CO. 
General Offices: 
74 CORTLANDT STREET, 
NEW YORK. 
Randolph & Canal Sts., 
C HICAGO . 
1213 Filbert St.. 
PHI LADELP HIA. 
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121 Youville Square, 
MONTREAL. 
76 & 77 York Street. 
T ORONTO . 
248 MoDermot Avenue, 
WINNIPEG. 
