4o4 
May 30 
FARMERS’ CLUR 
[Every query must be accompanied by 
the name and address of the writer to In¬ 
sure attention. Before asking a question, 
please see whether It is not answered In 
our advertising columns. Ask only a few 
questions at one time. Put questions on a 
separate piece of paper.] 
The Experiment Station Bulletins. 
n. 0. H., Augusta, N. J.—la there any way 
in which residents of one State can obtain 
the bulletins of the experiment stations of 
other States? 
Ans. —Write to the directors of the 
stations and ask for the bulletins. As a 
rule they are very willing to send the 
pamphlets. Of course residents of the 
home State are served first, but there 
are usually bulletins enough for all. 
A Spray for Young Trees. 
A. If. C., New Holland, O.—What Is the 
best formula for making a spray for young 
fruit trees? 
Ans. —We have such questions every 
week. A little thought will show that 
before answering it we must know what 
the object is in spraying (he trees. Do 
you want to kill insects? If so, what 
sort? There are two classes of insects 
which work on trees. One sort is a leaf- 
eater and the object in spraying is to 
coat the leaf with poison. Thus when 
the insect eats it will be killed. Another 
class of Insects simply bore into the leaf 
and suck out the juice. Poisons will 
have little effect on these insects—they 
must be sprayed with something that 
kills from outside—like kerosene or 
whale-oil soap. Then again trees are 
sprayed to prevent the spread of disease 
and for this purpose Bordeaux Mixture 
is used. 
A Start in Fruit Growing. 
E. G., Ohio.—I have 15 acres of land about 
eight miles south of Lake Erie, on which I 
expect to depend for our living in a few 
years, and w'ould like your advice as to 
how to treat it, so as to obtain the best 
results at that time. It Is quite sandy, al¬ 
most clear sand in parts, and other parts 
sandy loam, naturally good soil. Over two 
acres are in orchard, part old, part planted 
this Spring to Jonathan, Sutton, Grimes 
and Baldwin apple trees with about 50 
cherry trees, and partly in peach trees as 
a temporary filling. I have a taste for 
fruit raising and poultry, and would like 
suggestions along these lines. It has two 
acres at the back with a steep slope to¬ 
ward the south that is set to grass. The 
fall of the rest is slightly toward the 
north. 1 am reading The R. N.-Y. and 
taking a correspondence course in these 
lines, but have very little experience. Do 
young trees need fertilizing and spraying 
before they begin to bear? 
Ans. —A tract of 15 acres of sandy land 
in northern Ohio might he small depend¬ 
ence for a living for a retired minister’s 
family, although much would depend on 
the ability and disposition of the man 
and his folks to work. The fact that he 
has “a taste for fruit growing” is favor¬ 
able, although physical inability might 
greatly hamper its practical application. 
Berry growing would yield the quickest 
and most profitable returns. Sandy loam 
is especially suitable for such use, but 
“almost clear sand” is sure to be lacking 
in fertility, and will require heavy ma¬ 
nuring to make it profitable. Poultry 
keeping works in very well with fruit 
growing and will enrich the soil if the 
business is properly managed. The pro¬ 
duction and sale of eggs is the most pro¬ 
fitable part of it, and this will require 
the purchase of quantities of poultry 
food, a large part of which eventually 
will find its way into the soil of the 
place. The growth of cow peas and 
Crimson clover will be another good way 
to add fertility to the soil at almost no 
expense, because the crops secured ought 
to be worth more than they cost, and the 
roots and stubble will be clear gain. My 
suggestion is, that the fruit trees now 
planted be thoroughly tilled, using the 
two leguminous crops just mentioned 
among them, and all fed out to stock or 
plowed under on the place to enrich the 
soil. The steep, south slope now in 
grass be le^t sq for tbe present; 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER. 
to prevent washing, and it may be pas¬ 
tured or mow’ed for hay. Nothing that 
will make manure should be sold olf tbe 
place, if possible. When the time comes 
to occupy it permanently the berries can 
be set and tbe more intense culture 
pushed. In the meantime there should 
be no neglect of tillage or spraying of 
the trees to cause them to grow rapidly. 
Healthy foliage is necessary to good 
growth and this cannot be where fun¬ 
gus diseases run riot. ii. e. v. d. 
Cherries in Pennsylvania. 
//. A. M., Mcchanicsburg. Pa .—I am tlie 
owner of a farm on which there is an old 
raili’oad sidinp, I believe, about to be aban¬ 
doned; and I think of planting trees on it. 
The siding is 4,200 feet long (nearly a mile), 
and averages about 30 feet in width; part of 
it is on a level with the fields and part 
slightly elevated above the fields. Will you 
tell me if you think it would bo a good 
plan to plant a lot of Montmorency cherry 
trees about 15 feet apart, which w'ould give 
three rows of trees, 280 trees to the row, or 
840 trees in all? Would you, also, indicate, 
in a general way, what your experience 
teaches you it should cost to plant and 
grow the trees, and how much the income 
from such trees would be? It is good farm 
land, and cherry trees thrive in the soil 
all around there, the place having a good 
many cherry trees scattered all over it, 
and all bearers, but of Inferior varieties. 
If you know of any more profltabie way to 
utilize this land, would appreciate your 
telling me. 
Ans. —There is little doubt of the wis¬ 
dom of planting this abandoned railway 
track to cherry trees, as Pennsylvania is 
a good region for that fruit, and the 
Montmorency is a good variety to use. 
If might be well to plant half of it and 
half of English Morello, which is an¬ 
other of the very best bearers and a 
good cherry to sell, although not so 
early as Montmorency. Or, if there are 
to be three rows, it might be well to 
have one of each of these and the other 
of Richmond, which is very early. This 
would give more chance of success and 
distribute the gathering over a greater 
period than if one or even two varieties 
were planted. The cherry does better 
at 20 feet apart than at 15, and I fear 
that there is not room for three rows 
on the 30-foot strip. Apple trees would 
also be profitable on this strip, but the 
cherry would give quicker returns. 
IT. E. V. D. 
Seeding Poor Land to Grass. 
ir. E. C.. TAttlestown, Pa.—I have pur- 
ch.ased about 75 acres of barren slate land 
that was set with pine, chestnut and oak 
timber, now all cut down, and I would like 
to put it in buckwheat this Summer, and 
in the Fall sow to rye and next season 
the same grains, and then set to grass. 
M’hat kind of fertilizers or what per cent 
of nitrogen, phosphoric acid and potash, 
and also how much lime to the acre would 
you advise? 
A NS.—The plan is right to sow buck¬ 
wheat, and the best fertilizer to be used 
to bring up the land, though it might 
lod.ge the buckwheat, is stable manure. 
In case this cannot be obtained in suffi¬ 
cient quantities to supply the necessary 
humus, I would be tempted to plow the 
buckwheat crop under when in full 
bloom for green manuring, and about 
the first of September plow and sow rye, 
two bushels to the acre. In the Spring 
as soon as the ground was dry enough 
to work, plow the rye under, harrow 
thoroughly, and after applying 500 
pounds of bone meal, 400 pounds of mu¬ 
riate of potash, and 100 pounds of nitrate 
of soda, would sow six quarts of Red 
clover seed, four quarts of Timothy, and 
four quarts of Red-top per acre. This 
is more seed than farmers generally use, 
but none too much to secure the best 
results. It is folly to expect a bountiful 
crop of grass unless a bountiful quan¬ 
tity of seed is sown. The plants 'should 
cover the ground as soon as up, lest 
weeds might occupy the vacant places. 
If we want a good meadow, or pasture, 
we must not wait for the plants to tiller 
and spread. If the grass looked a little 
yellow after it came up I would apply 
100 pounds of nitrate of soda per acre, 
^ a top-areggiogr Ag to tlio use of lime. 
I do not think W. F. C. will need it if he 
uses the itotash fertilizer. It is seldom 
that buckwheat can be got off the 
ground to sow iwe at the usual time, 
and when sown late it requires more 
seed. About a bushel of buckwheat is 
sown per acre in this county, and XVz 
bushel of rye, if sown in September. 
Pennsylvania. J. w. i. 
Crown Gall on Apple Trees. 
One of our readers In Illinois writes that 
on his three-year-old apple trees he finds 
a good deal of crown gall. He wants to 
know what is considered the very best 
known remedy for combating this di.soase. 
as he wishes if possible to save his young 
trees. 
Ans.—I f the trees are planted in the 
orchard I would recommend digging 
them out at once and burning them. 
The mistake is made in planting trees 
that show any indication of the galls. 
The cutting off of all the galls from the 
roots when planting and washing the 
wounds thoroughly with Bordeaux may 
prove effective, but the risk is too great 
to justify anyone in planting trees that 
show any indications of the disease. The 
trees may live in the orchard many 
years, and part of them outgrow the dis¬ 
eased condition entirely, but it will en¬ 
feeble their growth. The gall occurs on 
the plum, peach, apricot, pear and cherry 
trees as well as the apple. It begins 
growth in the Spring and matures in the 
Fall. At the first appearance the galls 
appear a clear white translucemt mass of 
tissue, attached to the root by a neck 
one-half to one-fourth as thick as the 
gall itself. Toward Fall the gall turns 
a reddish brown color, and it is stated 
by Prof. Tourney, in Bulletin No. 33 of 
the Arizona Experiment Station, that 
any portion of a gall that has changed 
color has lost the power of further 
growth. The galls cease to grow to¬ 
ward Fall, and usually decay, leaving an 
open wound on the root from which a 
circle of galls appear the following 
Spring. II. c. imuce. 
Iowa Exp. Station. 
Bedding Plants in Fine Condition 
Ready for Delivery or Shipment. 
CASH WITH UUDKU. fOfl 
Alyssum. Giant, Doable and Dwarf,2-inch.$2.oo 
SnandniKon. White.2-ineh. 2.00 
AKcratura Stella Gurney, Princess Pauline and 
Dwarf White, 2-inch. 2.00 
Althernanthera. Red and YcIlow,2-ineh..... 2.00 
Oannain var.,4-inch.$8. 3-inch, 6.00 
iloleus in var.,Standard and Fancy, 2-inch. 2.00 
Feverfew, Little Gem, 3-inch,$.5.2-inch, 2.00 
Geraniums, Standard var., 4-inch, in bloom, 
$8; o-inch,$5. 2-inch, 
Geranium Mmc. Salleroi,3-inch,$;■) 2-inch, 2.,i0 
Fuchsia in best var.,3-inch, $5.2-inch, 2.,50 
Heliotrope, best dark,3-inch, $.5.2-inch, 2..50 
Ivy. German and Kenilworth, 2-inch. 2.00 
Ice Plant, 8-inch, S.5.2-inch, 2..50 
Lantana, 2t^-inch,$.5.2-lnch, 3.00 
Lemon Verbena, 2t4-inch,$4.2-lnch, 3.00 
Petunia. Double-Fringed,3-inch,$3.2-inch, 2.50 
SaxifraRp, 2-inch. 3.00 
Stevla var.. 2-inch. 2.00 
Tradescantla(WanderinK Jew var. )3-in.,$5; 2-in. 2.00 
Verbena, in best var..2-inch. 2.00 
Vinca var. LarRC,$12 to $20 per 100; 3-in.. $6; 2-In. 2.00 
Pansies. Florists’ International, in bud and 
bloom. Per 1.000. 1.5.00 
Aster in var. Transplanted. P, rlOO. 1.00 
Gypsophlla Paniculata. lA'rlOO. 1.25 
Sweet William. Fall transplanted.2-inch, 1.25 
Centaurea (Dusty Miller). Perl00,2-inch. 2.i0 
Cobiea Seandens,3-inch.$6. 2-lnch, 3.00 
IjObelia Compacta and Spcciosa, 2-inch. 2.00 
J’yrethriim Aureum, 2-iiich. 2.00 
Mignonette, 2-inch. 2.00 
And many other varieties and sizes in stock. 
VKGKTABLK PLANTS. 
Celery. Transplanted. Per 100.$0.30 
Pepper. Transplanted. Per 100.35 
Rhubarb Clumps. Per 100. 5.00 
Tomato, 1.5c.. .50c. and $1 iier lOO. 
Wholesale Price-list on application. 
l/iriCR/pi/ 3,500 Anthony Avenue, near So. 
'• l’»‘ Chicago Avenue, Chicago. 111. 
Early Tomato and Cabbage Plants. 
I’artles intending to set write KK.VNK SHEAKKK 
& SON. Hiiigliamtoii, N. V., for prices on stocky 
transplanted jilants. 
New Method 
of BLANCHING CKLKRY, 
used with any system of culture. 
Perfect blanching: no rot or rust. No bruising or 
breaking in handling; one-third expense of boards or 
earth. .50c. by mail. #20 for best bunch of celery 
by this method. B. L. MADDEN, Mt. Perry, Ohio. 
CELERY PLANTS 
berry Plants. 
—ready July 1, II per 
_ 1.000. I’otted Straw- 
per UK), from July 15 to August. 
SLAYMAKElt & SON, Dover, Del. 
BIG STEM 
Sweet Potato Plants, $1.75 per 1,000; 
Jersey Red and Pierson the same; 
Jersey Vellow. $1.30. Large orders less. 13 kinds. 
Write for price-list. F. S. Newcomb, Vineland, N. J 
For the land’s sake, use Bowker’s Fer¬ 
tilizers. They enrich the earth.— Adv. 
Farm 'Wagon only #21.95. 
In order to Introduce their Low Metal Wheels with 
Wide Tires, the Empire Manufacturing Company, 
Quincy, Ill., have placed upon the market a Farmer’s 
Handy 'Wagon, that is only 25 inches high, fitted 
with 24 and 30 inch wheels with 4-inch tire, and 
sold for only $21.95. 
This wagon is made of the best material through¬ 
out. and really costs but a trifle more than a set of 
new wheels, and Lilly guaranteed for one year. Cat¬ 
alogue giving a full description will be mailed upon 
application by the Empire Manufacturing Co., 
Quinev. III., who also will furnish metal wheels 
at low prices made any size and width of tire to fit 
any axle. 
BULLDOG GRIP 
on cross wires. We have made and sold 150.000.000 
•• Frost Wedge-Locks '’ within the past five years. Tlie 
demand increasing every month. The buyer wants a 
fence that will last a lifetime. We make It. 
THE FROST WIRE FENCE CO., Cleveland, O. 
Don’t keep yonr money at home 
for Burglar and Fire ravages. You 
can send it to us, no matter where 
you live, safely and conveniently. 
Wa pay 
4 PERCENT INTEREST 
compounded semi-annually on any 
amount from one dollar up. 
Ours is a Big, Strong, Savings 
Bank with immense capital and 
strong men back of it. 
Our interest rate presents a bet¬ 
ter proposition than Government 
Bonds, is just as safe and pays on 
small amounts as well as large. 
Write for Booklet “H,” Banking 
by Mail” 
THE FEDERAL TRUST CO. 
CAPITAL, $1,500,000. 
Cleveland, • Ohio. 
The City of Banks 
POTTED STRAWBERRY PLANTS 
President for $3. Kevitt’s Plant Farms, Athenla, N.J. 
COW PEAS 
—Early Black, $1.25 per bn., sacked and 
f. o. b. O. O. Gwathmey, Aylett, Va. 
f « _ I Home-grown Crimson Clover 
r Ol 1C Seed, $3.50 per bu.; Cow Peas, 
$1.50 per bu. J. E. HOLLAND, Milford, Del. 
Cow Peas 
Hammond'S Extra Early .Whippoorwill, Clay.'WonderfuI, 
Black’s, $1.50 per bu., mixed $1.20. Medium Green 
Soja Beans, $2 per bu. Dwarf Essex Rape, 4c. a lb. 
HARRY H. HAMMOND SEED CO. Ltd. 
Box 42. Bay City, Michigan, 
THE KELLY CO., 
SEKD MERCHANTS. 
150-152 Sheriff St., Cleveland, Ohio. 
All kinds of grass and field seeds and 
poultry supplies. Seed manual free. 
Kecleaned 
Western 
Grown 
Clover. 
Timothy, 
Etc. 
Reference, this paper, or Park National Bank. 
GARDEN, FIELD and FLOWER SEEDS. 
CLOVER and TIMOTHY. 
BEARDLESS SPRING BARLEY. 
We are recleaners of all kinds of BTeld Seeds and 
do not mix Medium with Mammoth Red Cl vet 
Write for Field Seed Price List; also 1903 Seed ’»«<■ 
logue mailed free. 
The Henry Philipps Seed and Implement Co., 
116-117 St, Clair Street, Toledo. Ohio. 
WET AND DRY ROT PREVENTED 
d fence posts, sills and all exposed timbers made to 
it indefinitely by the use of CONSEKt'O '* GOV 
ItE.SEKVATlVE. It permeates and hardens 
)od, prevents working of wood worms, insects, etc. 
isl but a trifle. Write for free circular. 
■SAML’EL CABOT, Mfg. Chemist,__ 
Glenwood Nurseries 
Most complete assortment of oholoa 
Omamenta/ Trees, Shrubs and Tines. 
Bend for Descriptive Illustrated Catalogue. 
THE WM. H. MOON CO., MORRISYILLB, PA. 
60 miles from New York; 30 miles from Philadelphia- 
__ Lf M..74 ^9 Yft 
FREE 
FROM RUST 
The Asparagus Roots I offer-healthy, thrifty, bright. 
Six varieties. One and two year old. Low In price 
Free catalogue. Palmetto Seed for sale. 
AiiTHUii J. Coi.LiNS, Burlington Co., Moorestowu,N. J. 
GRASS SEED 
CHOICE RE-CLEANED SEED FOR ALL PURPOSES 
Dreer’s Permanent Pasture Mixture cannot be excelled for 
producing abundant hay crops, and luxurious aftermatn. 
SYill line of all Grasses and Clovers; also special mixtureb 
for Lawns, Golf Links, etc. Circulars and prices on Mpfi' 
option. EUSNHY A. DRfUSfL, PbU»a«lpblat Ta< 
