558 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER„ 
August 1 
Live Stock and Dairy 
SMALL FARMERS AND PEDIGREED 
STOCK. 
It is pretty certain that for many 
years to come the great mass cf live 
<stook in this country will continue to 
be made up of grade and no-breed in¬ 
dividuals. We are still a long way 
from having all our animals of pure 
breeding, and a great deal further from 
having them all registered. On the 
most libei’al estimate, less than three 
per cent of our cattle are recorded in 
any herd book, and a most insignificant 
fraction of our 'sheep and swine. The 
relative number of recorded animals 
must always remain small, because the 
mere clerical work of registering the 
pedigrees and transfers and printing the 
necessarily colossal herd books would 
represent a task and expense almost be¬ 
yond comprehension. 
We must always have the purebred 
animal, for while there is no mysterious 
influence w'hich makes the individual of 
superior economic value simply because 
it has a preserved history of ancestry, 
yet everyone must admit that perma¬ 
nent improvement in live stock has 
come only as men have bred within cer¬ 
tain lines and toward certain fixed 
ideals, and this can only come about by 
adhering to the system followed in rais¬ 
ing pedigreed stock. Work of this kind 
is a field where many men have found 
satisfaction, and a few large financial 
reward, but a man’s success depends 
fully as much upon his ability to exploit 
his herd commercially as upon his capa¬ 
bility to produce high-class animals. It 
requires much of the same kind of tal¬ 
ent that it does to introduce, for ex¬ 
ample, a new breakfast food. The man 
who enters the field of a breeder with 
any really earnest idea of large success 
must be ready to foot some pretty big 
advertising bills and to make the an¬ 
nual fair circuit with a string of show 
animals, and all the expense of fitting 
and the anxiety that this entails. He 
must not be too modest in setting forth 
the peculiar virtues of his families or 
his establishment. In other words, like 
Barnum, he must do something to keep 
his name before the public. The suc¬ 
cessful breeder must be a man who has 
a genius for letting his light shine. 
Sometimes, as I have read catalogue 
descriptions or have heard the strident 
voice of the auctioneer, or have listened 
to the'glib patter of the owner as he 
recited the average test of the four 
nearest dams on tfie sire’s side, I have 
been afraid that there was a tendency 
to use a froth of words to distract sound 
judgment. As I think it over, it seems 
to me that in the State of New York, at 
least, the business of pedigreed stock 
breeding is hardly carrying itself finan¬ 
cially. Promiscuous generalization is a 
dangerous habit, but as you think of the 
breeders of New York State, i. e., of the 
“big fellows” whom you would name 
first, most of them regard the farm as 
a pleasant recreation from their busi¬ 
ness, and neither Insist nor expect that 
it pay expenses. Farming as a means 
of livelihood and farming as a diversion 
and pastime are two fundamentally 
different propositions. It seems to me 
that in this line competition is con¬ 
stantly growing more severe, and the 
amount of capital required is becoming 
larger. I doubt whether the farmer of 
moderate means (unless he has very 
special adaptability) is wise to try to 
enter the small list of what might be 
called professional pedigree sellers. In 
any case. It is a very comforting thought 
that many of our foremost dairymen, 
men like H. E. Cook, Edward Van Als- 
tyne and John T. McDonald, who are 
keeping the cow largely, and in line 
with the best scientific thought, are yet 
content not to pose as commercial 
breeders, but rely upon selling product 
rather than exploiting animals. There 
is no higher dairy husbandry than they 
represent, and while they believe in the 
purebred idea, and keep at the head of 
their herds a registered sire, yet their 
ultimate judgment of a cow is based on 
her performance rather than her pedi¬ 
gree. lAREO VAN WAGENEN, JR. 
A WOMAN FARMER'S NOTES. 
I sold myself short of brood sows last 
Winter, and so I bought a young sow 
of my own strain, a daughter of one of 
Piggins’s pigs. The gilt was about 10 
months old when she farrowed, and she 
produced three pigs. Many would say 
that she should go to the butcher, as 
she would never be prolific. I have in¬ 
vestigated the matter a little, and find 
that she was bred to her own brother, 
which is never wise. She is also in¬ 
clined to fatten easily, just as Piggins 
does, and these two facts no doubt af¬ 
fected her first litter. Piggins only far¬ 
rowed four pigs at the first litter, and 
yet she has been a very prolific sow. 
We will not allow Lucia to get quite so 
fat next time. One of the three pigs got 
out in a cold rain and was chilled when 
1 found it. I put it in the oven and 
warmed it into life before returning it 
to its dam. Several days later I found 
that it was getting no milk from its 
mother. I caught the wee atom and 
put it in a box near the stove until some 
milk was heated. Not more than a tea¬ 
spoonful was taken at first, and a simi¬ 
lar amount was administered at Inter¬ 
vals all day. The pig was returned to 
its mother at night. The next day it 
was fed at intervals, but not imprisoned. 
Now it comes to the door and makes its 
wants known a great many times during 
the day. I had no thought that it would 
live, but 1 begin to think tliat it will, 
or course, it will “cost more than it 
will come to,” but so does a pet lamb. 
Laying Ti kkeys. —The turkeys con¬ 
tinue to lay. One began when her flock 
was about six weeks old, and has been 
laying ever since, nearly two months, I 
should think. This is unusual. The 
second clutch of eggs is usually sma'l. 
It is too late to set turkey eggs, so we 
use them for cooking. Two turkey eggs 
are fully equal to three hen’s eggs. The 
quality is very similar. 
Poultry Points. —The laist lot of 
brooder chicks did not get on pasture 
early enough. They are not so large 
as those of the same hatch which were 
given to hens. I have had some gapes 
tills year, although the chicks were on 
ground which was never used for rear¬ 
ing chickens before. I am running the 
incubator now for the neighbors. One 
hatch was completed last week and an¬ 
other begun to-day. When one gets 
half as many eggs daily as there are 
hens but little fault can be found. The 
hens get plenty of wheat twice a day, 
have free range which Includes a run¬ 
ning brook, and are for the most part 
Rose Comb Brown Leghorns, which is 
one excellent reason for their laying 
w'ell. There may be better poultry, but 
I have not found them. 
Poultry Buylng. —Now is the time to 
get good breeding stock from poultry 
fanciers, at nominal prices. Many a 
hen is sold for $1, and sometimes a lit¬ 
tle less, which would cost $2 or $3 dur¬ 
ing the breeding season. A two-year- 
old Leghorn is as profitable to buy as a 
yearling of another breed. One pet and 
prize-winner in my fiock lived to be 
six years old, and laid eggs in profitable 
numbers until that time. Another, which 
I bought after she had been shown 
two seasons, stayed with me three 
years, and was entered at a show as a 
hen. The card was changed by the 
managers to read pullet, and inquiries 
were sent after the pullet with band 
No. — after she was returned to me. 
Her success, however, was solely in 
the show room. She wais never a good 
layer, and she is almost the only Brown 
Leghorn I ever owned which was not. 
A Good Cow.—A little over two 
years ago 1 bought a cow for the first 
time. 1 felt that I did not know very 
hiuch about cows, and that to buy was 
to take great chances, but she proved 
to be just as good as the description 
given me of her. Abut the middle of 
April she gave birth to the tiniest “wee 
bit” of a heifer calf. She was left with 
her mother for three weeks, with the 
intention of fattening her. Up to this 
time the cow was giving a considerable 
amount of milk, more than the calf 
could use. In the meantime the price 
of veal calves went down to three cents, 
while my opinion of my new cow went 
up every day. I decided to keep the 
calf, though she was so small, and see 
what soi't of a cow she would make. 
She was always one of the sleekest, pret¬ 
tiest heifers I ever saw, a three-quarter 
grade Jersey. Last March, when lack¬ 
ing over a month of being two years old, 
she gave birth to a heifer calf, as large 
as the average. It was not necessary to 
“break” Brown Bessie; she had sub- 
mitted to the semblance of milking ever 
since she was a calf, and knew no fear. 
She has developed such an udder as you 
do not often see in a cow of twice her 
age, and though her milk has not been 
tested, she is proving to be one of the 
most satisfactory of two-year-olds. Her 
mate, looking half as large again, a 
grade Guernsey, does not give much 
more than half as much. It is very in¬ 
teresting to watch the young heifers 
develop. Brownie, the calf, is much 
larger for her age than her mother. 
Though nearly five months old, she is 
given a little milk every day with the 
best of pasture, and one can almost see 
her grow. sara a. little. 
OIL OF TAR FOR A HORSE. 
Perhaps I could suggest a remedy for 
the “Bird,” or to H. S. W. of Lysander. 
N. Y. I bought a horse with a cough, 
or “heavy,” three years ago. but by 
judicious feeding and careful work I 
managed to get along quite well with 
him, but last August, I think, my hired 
man overworked him. I made up my 
mind I would have to buy another. 1 
had to market a crop of sweet potatoes, 
hauling over muddy roads 10, 12, 
and 30 miles distant, often thinking. 
“This is my last trip with you, Charlie.” 
One day when he was heaving very 
badly, a farmer came up with me and 
said: “I can give you a cure for that 
horse. Get the oil of tar (pine) and give 
him a large teaspoonful before feeding, 
or as often through the day as the spells 
come on; the oftener the better.” I 
have bought $1 worth in all, given about 
80 cents worth, and I consider him well. 
I can now trot him to town in my cart 
and back, one mile distant, without any 
heaving, or often no coughing; some¬ 
times a light hack or two. I generally 
pour the dose into a slim bottle and 
then open his mouth and allow it to run 
or drip on his tongue. The horse must 
be kept from musty or dusty hay. I 
fed corn fodder up to May, turned the 
horse on rye pasture at night up to June 
10; since then have been feeding the 
vines from my peas. j. m. 
Havana, III. 
The way to lose—the verj 
hist single parasite that is annoying atic 
weakeDing^ your stock, cuttiiif? down your profit 
IS very easy. Dip «r sprinkle with CHLORO- 
NAPTHOLEUM DIP as directed. It kill.^ 
all germs, mange, itch, ticks, scabs, lice, even 
parasite that spoil.y prolit for the farmer or 
stocknian. A standard disinfectant approved 
by high anthorities. 1 gal., $1.50; 5 gals., if6.75; 
lOgals., S'la.irO. Freight paid. The West Disin- 
xecting Co., Inc., 4 E. 5yth St., New Y'ork 
MONEY SAVED BY BUYING THE 
Best Swing Cattle Tie Made 
Thonsands in u.se. Made to fit any .stable. 
Durable, eonvenient'and cheap. Price and 
circular on application. Manufactured by 
ROY BROTHERS, East Barnef, Vt. 
BEND FOR CATALOGUE AND 
PRICES OF THE 
DIRIQOSILO 
Manufactured by 
D.B. STEVENS & CO., 
AUBURN, MB. 
AGENTS WANTED. 
Breeders’ Directory 
FOB HOLSreilV C/KTTLE 
Good ones, and ali ages. Fine YearUng Bulls 
ready for service. 
RAMBOUILLET SHEEP. 
BERKSHIRE SWINE. 
Write DELLIIURST FARMS, Mentor, Ohio. 
HOLSTEIN - FRIESIANS. 
Choice yohng stock of the best breeding for sale. 
Prices reasonable. Every animal registered. 
WOODCREBT FARM, Rlfton, Ulster Co., N. Y. 
Registered Jersey Bull Catve^i 
from Imported Golden Lad at fair prices. 
E. F. SHANNON. 'JOT Liberty iStroet, Pittsburg, Pa. 
Ohio Farm Berkshires 
Boars fit for Service. Young Sows bred, and fine 
lot of Spring Pigs. 
M. L. & H. H. BENHAM, Le Roy, O. 
IMPROVED LARGE YORKSHIRES 
hog. Pigs cf all ages from imported stock for sale. 
MEADOW BROOK STOCK FARM, Reohester,Mieh 
Reg. P. Chinas, BerhsKires and C. Whites. 
8 wks. to 6 tnos.. tutlted not akin 
Service Boars, Bred Sows. Write for 
prices and description. Return If not 
coticfnntnrv! w« rnfwnd the 
DDCCCNT DADHAIMQ purebred Holsteln- 
rnLOLllI DAnuAIHo Friesian Bull Calves 
and Scotch Colli Pups. Apply promptly. 
W. W. CHENEY, Manlius, N.Y. 
For Sale.—Scotch Collies, magnificently 
bred. A. J. BENEDICT, Woodworth, Wls. 
90 
varieties. Any amount Poultry, Eggs. Pigeons 
and Hares. Guide desc. liO-page book. 10c. 
J. A. BBKGKY, Box 8, Telford, Pa. 
CflD CAI C—The choicest bred St. Bernard puppies 
run uALL In the United States. Sired by Ch. 
Keno. 
F. M. WILLIAMS, box 424, Adams, N, V, 
FOR Bull, Awo years 
old; also 
Imll calf. Weil bred from a good milk¬ 
ing strain. OLIVER SMITH & SON, Cbateaugay, N. Y, 
WHITE LEGHORNS 
Two Cockerels for $2 If taken now. 900 beauties from 
big egg.s from big hens. Also old bens and early 
pullets. WHITE & RICE, Box A, Yorktown. N, Y. 
SQUABS PAY 
Easier, need attention only part of 
time, bring big prices. Raised in one 
month. Money-makers for poultry- 
men, farmers,women. Send for FREE 
BOOivLBT and learn this rich home 
industry. PLYMOUTH KOCiC SQUAB 
CO., 4A Friend Street, Boston. Mass. 
lEATH TO LICE 
on HENS and CHICKS, 
()4-page book FREE. 
N O MORE BLIND HORSES.—ForSpeclflcOph- 
thalmia. Moon Blindness, and other Sore Byes, 
BARR V CO., Iowa City, Iowa, have a sure cure. 
SRavnv 
(Xirb 
Care TheM Blemishes 
Also Blnsbone. hard or soft 
•nlargements. Sweeny, Kne^ 
Sprang,Fistnla and Poll Evil. 
Slight cost and certain cares. 
Two big booklets telling how 
to do It sent free.Write today. 
FliRaiNO BBOS., CbrmUU, 
aaa Dnlon BtoekTsrds.Ckleigo.IIL J 
Shoo-^ 
ANIMALS’ 
FRIEND 
I'hU cow wai 
a terror to 
milk prior to 
using ^cents 
It.-;,'.*** worth of Shoo-FIjs Had it 
1)6011 used earlier^ she would not have lost 
milk and flesh to theamountof fU.OO, The 
othercovr was protected early and continued 
togivelS qta.of milk daily through fly-time- 
— the original stock protector used by the aamo 
dairy-men since 1885, after testing imitatioDB. ItprevenUcontagi* 
ous abortion and other diseases, cures all sores, scratches, skin 
diseases, hoof ailments, etc. JiO LICK lupoifllry houseorauy 
place It is sprayed. Beware of imitations that last only 
hours and make sores. If your dealer does not keep 8hoo-r IT 
(made in Philadelphia, Pa.,) sepd us |1.09 for latest Improved 
Three Tube Sprayer and enough 8lioo*iriT to protect 200 cows. 
Cash returned if cows are not protected. / 
SHOO-FLYMF’G. CO. 1005 FairmountMv«.,PliMii.4’K 
Kills 
every 
fly It 
strikes: 
keeps off 
the rest. 
Harmless 
to man 
or beast. 
Shoo-' 
THE LUCKY “4-LEAF CLOVER” 
Plymouth Cream Extract¬ 
or is the CREAM of them all. 
Inner can quickly remova¬ 
ble; water all around and 
under milk; has far greater 
cooling surface than any 
other. No water required 5 
months In year. .Special air 
chamber with ventilator. 
New and original faucet, 
Imixissible to leak or sour. 
ExpresH clia-rges prepaid- 
Catalogue frtje. 
Plymouth Qream Separator Company, Plymouth, Ohio. 
I 
