1903 
677 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER 
EVERYBODY'S GARDEN. 
Potato Rt-igiit. —Recently I referred 
to some trouble in various sections with 
the blight. Later developments indicate 
that nearly the entire State is suffering. 
In a recent trip of 30 miles or more I 
think I failed to see a single field of late 
potatoes that was not affected, except in 
the case of the early crop, where they 
were too far advanced before the disease 
appeared to be injured. Fortunately 
vdth us two fields were out of the way, 
and two patches were pretty well along 
so that it is not proving serious with our 
crop. A small patch of late planted that 
promised better than any of the rest, got 
badly caught, and will fail, I think, fully 
to mature. Traces of the disease were 
first discovered during a wet spell, on a 
patch of Early Sunrise. Some hills were 
badly diseased when first seen, but 
spraying just as soon as fair weather 
came helped us out, and thus far little 
if any real damage has been done. The 
same was also true of a different variety 
that stood nearby the Early Sunrise. 
The late patch previously referred to 
might perhaps have been saved had they 
also been sprayed at the same time 
as the others. This, of course, is only 
problematical, as the test was not made, 
hut it naturally sets one to thinking that 
locking the stable previous to the theft 
is pretty good practice. 
An Object Lesson. —Whether or no I 
grow any wiser as the years come and go 
is a question. Sometimes I flatter my¬ 
self that a little progress has been made, 
then again something or other turns up 
to knock that hope all into smithereens, 
so it seems pretty near even chances. 
However, 1 have been casting about for 
some food for future reflection, and am 
pretty certain that it is better to be safe 
than sorry. In other words, I believe 
that had the sprayers been more faith¬ 
fully used throughout the season much 
of the difficulty might have been avoid¬ 
ed. The season has been cold and wet, 
and as I view it, the vitality of the vines 
has been weakened, thus increasing the 
liability to attacks of fungus diseases. 
Health and strength mean resistance to 
disease, and a good tonic like Bordeaux 
Mixture, frequently administered, would 
have averted much harm and loss this 
year. I also believe that Paris-green, 
however used, is injurious to potato 
vines, and the less used the better. I 
have used more this season than ever 
before, and every time I have used it 
the traces have been clearly visible. 
With arsenic and sal soda I have always 
had success, used either with clear water 
or Bordeaux, and in future I shall have 
as little as possible to do with Paris- 
green. The Potato and other vine 
blights, the black rot of the grapes, the 
Plum rot, etc., all appeal to me as un¬ 
mistakable evidences that future success 
in all lines of gardening and fruit grow¬ 
ing means untiring devotion to the de¬ 
tail of the work, and half-hearted effort 
will count for little in the unequal fight 
against all the enemies with which we 
have to contend. 
All Sorts. —That is about the way the 
work comes these days. All sorts of 
jobs loom up ready to be conquered, or 
else to conquer, and the trouble is they 
all clamor to be done at once. Grapes, 
tomatoes and green corn are ready for 
the market, and with these there can be 
no delay. Just now the markets are 
overloaded, and the prices realized are 
not such as to lift the grower very much 
above the “blue” point; certainly not 
sufficiently high to make enthusiasts of 
many. With all the other work that has 
been hurrying us there was the roof of 
one building that was sadly out of re¬ 
pair. It has been all right for dry 
weather, but the wet weather was where 
It caught us, and a rainy time was not 
good for doing the work, so It has gone 
on from bad to worse. Shingles are very 
high, and the frame is none too good, so 
we put on a paper roof. As supervising 
architect of the job, I was a little tick¬ 
lish aoout putting on the roof, never 
having laid it before, but we got it on 
fairly well, and also got it painted ahead 
of a rainstorm that came on, and I am 
pretty sure that the rain will have to 
hustle lively to find its way through the 
roof now. This is only the beginning, 
however, for we shall watch its beha¬ 
vior, and if satisfactory, there is ample 
opportunity for more of it. 
The State Faiu. —We were there with 
the wife and girls a part of the time at 
least. Truthfully, I believe we were 
there more for investigation than recrea¬ 
tion. I think we gathered many useful 
hints, and for the general good it has 
brought we might perhaps afford to pass 
lightly over some of the questionable 
things. There were some things, how¬ 
ever, that were not even questionable, 
but were wide open to downright criti¬ 
cism. As to exhibits, attendance and 
financial success, this fifty-fourth annual 
fair was by far the greatest of them all. 
If these gatherings are anything, they 
should be educational. If it be true, it 
seems a sad state of things that with all 
the good which was and might be gath¬ 
ered there, the management had to re¬ 
sort to the fake and catchpenny privi¬ 
leges to swell the receipts and insure the 
financial success. It seems to me that 
there are brains and intelligence enough 
in the rural districts, if not in the cities, 
to patronize these gatherings for the 
good things alone, even were the worse 
than useless ones eliminated. 
Michigan. j. e. morse. 
PLAN UNO BUSH FRUITS IN FALL 
What Is your opinion about planting 
raspberries, blackberries or currants in the 
Fall? Do you prefer it to Spring planting, 
and why? 
Curi’ants and raspberries can be plant¬ 
ed in the Fall by taking time and care 
in doing it, planting deeper and putting 
a good forkful of manure on the roots 
to keep them from heaving. They get 
a much better start in the Spring. On 
heavy clay soil 1 do not think it would 
do without very heavy mulching. 
Ulster Co., N. Y. j. a. hepworth. 
Blackberries can be planted success¬ 
fully in the Fall, especially on light 
lands. Currants and gooseberries do as 
well or better when planted in Fall, as 
they commence growth very early in 
Spring. Raspberries should not be set 
until Spring. The ground gets packed 
so closely over the tender young sprouts 
that they cannot push up through when 
planted in Fall, weakening the plant’s 
vitality if not killing outright. 
Connecticut. a. s. butler. 
Currants and gooseberries I much pre¬ 
fer to plant late in the Fall, as they 
break into foliage in the Spring, often 
before the ground is in planting condi¬ 
tion. Heaving does not affect them so 
disastrously as it does raspberries and 
blackcaps, but it is often necessary to 
push them back into place, on our heavy 
land. Black currants dug too early last 
Fall, were worthless by Spring. With 
all other bush fruits I have done better 
with early Spring planting. Aside from 
the heaving factor, the Spring-set stock, 
going into Spring-plowed land, does not 
become weedy as quickly as the Fall- 
planted blocks. SYLVANUS B. BUSTED. 
Rockland Co., N. Y. 
Raspberries should be planted in the 
Fall if possible. Blackberries and cur¬ 
rants do not suffer quite so badly by 
Spring planting; nevertheless it is bet¬ 
ter to plant all in the Fall. In the lati¬ 
tude of New Jersey the raspberry par¬ 
ticularly makes a growth underground 
so early that it is almost impossible to 
get it planted early enough in Spring; 
especially if it is an open and warm 
Winter the young suckers have made 
such a strong growth by March 20 that 
transplanting them is running a great 
risk of their dying, and all small fruit 
plants might as well be dead as to be 
checked loo much in their growth. Like 
almost all perennial plants, raspberries, 
blackberries and currants should be 
planted early in Fall, September 20 to 
October 20. An early growth of roots is 
induced thereby. Just the least bit of 
fibrous roots that will take hold in the 
Fall keeps the plants from heaving in 
early Spring. Cuthbert, Golden Queen, 
Miller’s Early, etc., make the earliest 
start of root growth in March; in black¬ 
berries, Early Harvest and Kittatinny. 
Nurserymen as a rule do not take care 
enough in digging and packing raspberry 
plants, as the small fibrous roots should 
not be exposed in the least to the air. A 
discussion of varieties or methods of 
growing does not seem called for at this 
time. It might be well to note that the 
demand for good red raspberries is 
growing, and prices are high. When 
planting I usually cut back to six inches 
high, and mulch with stable manure 
just as Winter is setting in. 
Bergen Co., N. J. m. mattison. 
I have been planting red raspberries, 
blackberries and currants in October and 
November for the last 25 years and have 
always had uniformly good results from 
this Fall planting. I have also seen this 
stock planted in the Fall by many other 
fruit growers, and cannot recall a sin¬ 
gle failure from stock set at this time. 
On the other hand I have known of 
many failures and serious losses from 
blackberries, red raspberries and cur¬ 
rants planted in the Spring, especially 
In a late wet season and during a severe 
protracted drought such as we experi¬ 
enced the past Spring, I therefore feel 
safe in recommending the Fall planting 
of these fruits. t. j. dwyer. 
Cornwall, N. Y. 
Colorado Poultry.— On our market but 
little attention is paid to fancy strains. 
Few make specialty of poultry on a large 
scale on account of high price of feed. 
Small flocks do well. Colorado is supplied 
largely by Kansas. There is some demand 
for Plymouth pullets by ranchmen, but 
most of the receipts of poultry go to butch¬ 
ers. Colorado produces much stuff, but 
buys more than she produces. Squabs are 
not great sellers here; supply Is home¬ 
grown. SUTTON MERCANTILE CO. 
Pueblo, Col. 
For the land’s sake, use Bowker’s Fer¬ 
tilizers. They enrich the earth.— Adv. 
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