THE RURAL NEW-YORKER 
695 
ions 
Hope Farm Notes 
Manure and Hat.—I t was a m.m In 
Pennsylvania who held up my friends, the 
chemists, on the drunken cow question. 
Here comes another Pennsylvania man: 
“Tell the Hope Farm man that I have 
interviewed a large number of farmers in 
Columbia County, Pa., and fail to find any 
who would trade 50 tons of good barnyard 
manure for 18 tons of English, Welsh, 
Dutch, or American hay. How does he 
know that a ton of hay contains 30 pounds 
of nitrogen, 35 pounds of potash and seven 
pounds of phosphoric acid? Did he ever 
burn a ton of hay, and if he did, how many 
pounds of ashes did he have?” 
p. H. p. 
I once lived on the plains where hay and 
straw were used for fuel, but that was 
before I knew there was any such thing 
:is nitrogen or potash. I will cheerfully 
admit that all I know about this is what 
the chemists tell me. Not one in 500 of us 
will ever analyze hay or manure. The men 
who have done so declare that the average 
composition Is about as follows: 
Pounds in One Ton. 
Nitro- Phos. Pot- 
Water. Ash. gen. acid, ash. 
Hay . 240 116 30 7 35 
Horse manure...1,500 100 10 6 13 
You ask me how I know this, and I am 
obliged to answer, “Because the wise men 
whose business it is to know tell me so.” 
The fact that a farmer says he would not 
trade 50 tons of manure for 18 tons of rotted 
hay is no proof that the hay does not con¬ 
tain as much plant food as the manure. 
Also the fact that this plant food Is In the 
hay does not prove that you could grow 
as large a crop from the hay as you could 
from the manure. When hay or straw has 
been thoroughly rotted down it will give 
up its plant food freely, yet I do not be¬ 
lieve it is ever quite equal to the manure 
which it would make when fed to an ani¬ 
mal. 1 have had a good chance to observe 
this during the past season, having 
mulched trees with manure and also with 
straw and hay. If you ask me why I shall 
have to refer you to the wise men again. 
The true way to use hay is to feed it to 
stock and use the manure which comes 
from it. It is not always best to do that, 
and in such cases the plant food which the 
hay contains may be used direct. 
Grain for Pigs and Chicks.— The follow¬ 
ing questions are from a Connecticut 
friend: 
"I would like to ask the Hope Farm 
man whether he would feed shotes rye 
middlings at $1.25 per 100 or wheat mid¬ 
dlings at $1.35 per 100, also whether corn- 
meal or what the grain dealers call hom¬ 
iny meal, is best for chickens three or four 
niomhs old?” 
We have found little difference in feeding 
value between wheat and rye middlings. 
If we could buy the rye middlings for 10 
cents less we would use them. Pigs do not 
like rye as well as wheat, and may eat 
them slowly at first. They will eat them 
well after getting used to the taste. I have 
never fed hominy meal to chicks. We have 
had best results with cornmeal and cracked 
corn. Speaking of pig feeding, 1 do not 
think as highly of middlings as many do. 
They are good for making a slop, and thus 
become a favorite for feeding little pigs, 
but our dealers charge 15 cents per 100 more 
than for wheat bran, and I do not think 
they contain this value. In fact. I think 
we are inclined to feed too much slop or 
soft food to little pigs, especially when 
they run out, as they should. In most 
cases they will do better on whole wheat 
or cnacked corn spread on the sod. We 
are beginning to take up our hogs for com 
feeding. They have made good growth In 
the pasture, and we keep three or more 
penned and fed all the corn they want, 
with green cow-pea vines or clover and 
plenty of wood ashes. This fits them for 
the butcher. 
Ashes for Strawberries.— We have 60 
questions every year about wood ashes on 
strawberries. Here is one from Kansas: 
“When and how apply ashes to straw¬ 
berry beds and other fruits? Soil upland 
prairie, clay thin, has been farmed for 40 
years, with one application of barnyard 
manure.” J. f. c. 
Kansas is a long way from New Jersey. 
Wood ashes do not pay me for strawber¬ 
ries because bone, acid phosphate and pot¬ 
ash are cheaper, and the lime does not 
help the fruit on my soil. I can understand 
that in Kansas ashes may be the cheapest- 
and perhaps the only source of potash. 
Certainly the best of land only once man¬ 
ured in 40 years w'ill need food to produce 
a good strawberry crop. 1 should think 
it w'ould need nitrogen as well as ashes. 
If I used ashes I would put them on in 
late Summer and Fall. That is the best 
time to use phosphoric acid and potash 
because the fruit buds for next year’s crop 
are then being formed. The best way to 
use wood ashes is to scatter them between 
the rows and cultivate them into the soil. 
Of course this cannot be done in matted 
beds. There, the ashes must be broadcast 
over ali, but the best way is to work the 
ashes into the soil. For all other fruits 
I 1 ' i.s nothing better than wood ashes 
with some form of nitrogen, like ground 
bone. The reason why strawberries do not 
always respond to ashes is that they, being 
'I-,., .i.-i,. .eqiiiie a sour soil, like cran¬ 
berries. The lime, when ashes are used 
heavily, sweetens the soil and the straw¬ 
berry is not at its best—like some sour and 
hateful old fellows I have seen in a home 
where “Home Sweet Home” was the 
watchword. The Hope Farm man knows 
that some strawberry growers obtain the 
best of results with ashes, so he hastens 
to say that he is only talking about results 
in his own soil! 
Farm Notes.— The wind of September 16 
did great damage to' fruit and corn. This 
gale was clearly the tail end of a cyclone. 
It blew from six different directions before 
It got through, as if it meant to hit us from 
every side. The corn stood up better than 
I expected, but the apples had a hard time. 
1 expected to see our apples all on the 
ground, but at least half held on. It was 
the fertilizer and the spraying last Spring 
that gave them the grip and the courage 
to stay by. We shipped the best of the 
windfalls, but New York was choked to 
the eyes wltti apples, and they were slow 
Oi sale. The thick mulch under our trees 
held the apples as safely as a catcher’s 
mitt holds a baseball. For several weeks 
now the city market will be clogged with 
windfalls which will not represent their 
name to anyone except the consumers who 
will enjoy cheap apple sauce. Our second 
cutting of hay went on the ground just 
before that great wind and rain. It is 
largeiy clover, with a sprinkling of wild 
carrot. This second cutting is nearly as 
heavy as the first, and our barns will 
overflow. The hogs will take care of the 
surplus. Our horses are very fond of wild 
carrot hay. Why not—horses greatly enjoy 
tame carrots, and who doesn’t like game? 
Our seedling peach is ripening and is better 
than ever this year with a fair crop. It 
grows at the top of a high hill, and yields 
a high-colored peach of fair size and flavor. 
P'or a late peach we like it, but when it 
comes to stamping “Hope Farm” on It and 
sending it out as a “new variety,” we de¬ 
cline with thanks. It Isn’t good enough, 
and there is no thousand dollars in sight 
that would tempt us to tack the name of 
the farm on to anything that might prove 
tasteless or hopeless. The com is coming 
near the end of the race. I consider part 
of it safe, but the Fourth of July field will 
have corns on its celebration. EVen this 
field will make a little grain on a few 
selected hills, but most of it will be soft. 
If August had been as warm as It usually 
is we should have had a good crop of grain. 
In selecting seed for next year of course 
I shall not take grain from the July plant¬ 
ed field. While that made the record the 
field of the same variety planted on Deco¬ 
ration Day would be far more likely to 
repeat the record next year. The onions 
are turning out well. They are pulled as 
the tops die and put on slats in an airy 
room for drying. Figuring on about half 
the crop it appears we have grown at the 
rate of a little over 500 bushels per acre. 
We like this transplanting system so well 
that we expect to put in a larger area 
next year. 
Home Notes.— The little school has begun 
and the children really take pride in their 
studying. We may not have any children 
who cry because they cannot work, but our 
little folks would come close to it if they 
could not go to school. The days are grow¬ 
ing shorter now, and the nights come on 
cool and moist. We have had several fires 
ill the open grate, and the children call it 
great fun to get around my chair and look 
at the fire. I built a roarer Saturday night, 
toi there was a raw wind coming down the 
hill. Nobody knows how good our supper 
of baked beans, sliced tomatoes and apple 
sauce tasted. All hands had been hard at 
work in the wind, which blew the bottom 
of the bean pot into view. The children sat 
by the fire until the Madame called them 
for the bath and bed. I .sat and watched 
my log crumble and then went after an¬ 
other. The night was cheerless and dark, 
but all the Hope Farm folks were comfort¬ 
able—down to the nine little chickens just 
hatched by the ,hen that stole her nest. 
There was a warm light in Charlie’s house 
and Philip was comfortable. The little 
folks had all cuddled down into bed. Miss 
Mabel was playing hymns. Edward was 
is the kitchen pressing his clothes for 
church wear. He had an ironing board on 
the table and a hot iron in his hand. The 
Madame was at work on her speech. She 
had agreed to gdve a little talk on temper¬ 
ance before the Sunday school and was 
just at the point where most people are 
“sorry I ever promised to do it.” The 
H(>pe Farm man had agreed to polish her 
shoes and those of the little girls, and he 
saw to it that she had two shining points 
at least. The fires burned low and the wind 
blew the sky clear so that the stars could 
shine and the Hope Farm folks “turned 
in” to pleasant dreams. But how did that 
speech come out? The Madame was up 
early studying at it, and the children, who 
are good critics, said, “Mother made a fine 
speech. You orter heard her.” I wish we 
could all have such loving and kindly little 
critics! H. w. c. 
When you write advertisers mention Thid 
R. N.-T. and you will get a quick reply and 
"a square deal.” See our guarantee 8th page. 
THOJSANDS OF FAR5V3ERS 
'FROST 
_ _ [BEST 
j|«?5HiwS5S5 i a i> A ^HEA?£ST 
E.vaminofl the Frost Fence attho State Fairs this Fall 
admitting that it containc'd more w ight and two to 
three times th j strength of woven wire fence. Agents 
wanted for the b^st fence made. Catalogu'.s free. 
THE FUOST WIRE FENCE CO., Cleveland, O. 
KECKING, 
Balking, Shying or any 
kind of a habit cured 
^ in a few hours by my 
// system. Particulars free. 
PROF. JESSE Q- BEERY. Pleasant Kill, Ohio. 
AGENTS WANTED 
“MEND-A-RiP.” 
J. C. 
AI.T, KtXD.S OPT.IGnTAXn HEAVr 
Srm ill.M!. DOES ALL KINDS OP 
LIGHT AND HEAVY KIVETINO. 
HAND SEWING 
AND RIVETER 
-1 combines 
WILI, SAVE THE PURE 
OK ITSELK .HANY TI.1IES A YEAR. 
To show i t mofins a sale. Agents make from 
to Jlf) a day. One agent made |20 the 
first day. and wr*<cs ns to hurry more ma¬ 
chines to him. Wrl*e fort^rms to n'mnfs. 
• If Foundry Co., FrcdeHcktown, Ohio. 
These 
books are 
compiled from 
the publications 
of the various 
Agricultural Ex¬ 
periment Sta¬ 
tions, and are of 
great value to all 
practical farmers. 
We mail them _free to all 
farmers who apply for them. 
german kali works, 
93 Nassau Street, New York. 
Bettes* Sheep— 
That’s what you are trying for. 
Any breed can be kept in bet¬ 
ter physical condition if you feed 
Alma Dried-Molasses 
Bect-Pcip 
It is the best all around food, because 
it more nearly approaches fresh pasture 
than any other. It is very palatable. The 
sheep Lice it. It acts naturally upon the 
stomach and bowels, increases the appe¬ 
tite and aids digestion and assimilation. 
L. D. Tupper. BIgf Prairie, Mich., writes: 
** I fed tiieAlma Dried-Molasses Beet-Pulp to my ewes 
when they were far advanced in pregnancy. My lambs 
came healthier and stronger, and my ewes are in better 
heart than ever before.” 
It is the best fattoner in the market. 
Horses, Cattle, Hogs anti Calves thrive 
on it as well as Sheep. 
Do not confuse this with wet beet pulp which 
freezes and ferments, or with common dried pulp 
containing no additional sugar. 11 takes 16 tons of 
wet pulp to make one ton of our food and it keeps 
indefinitely. The genuine Alma Dried-Molasses 
Heet-Pulp contains 72 times as much sugar as wet 
pulp, and nearly 6 times as much as common dried 
pulp._ 
'Write to-day for prices, directions for feeding, 
.analysis by U. S. Government expert, etc. Address 
Dept* IJ Alma Sugar Company, | 
Alma, Michigan. 
CLARK’S ffilS"A?GROPS 
Clark’s Reversible Bush 
Plow and Harrow. 
Cuts a track 6 ft. wide, 1 
ft. deep. Connects the 
sub-soil water. It is an 
excellent machine for 
covering In sugar cane. 
Strength guaranteed. 
Can plow a newly ent 
lOrest, stump, bush or bog land, leaves the land true, 
cloaii for any crop. 
Clark’s Dbl. Aciion 
Cutaway Harrow. 
Moves 15,000 tons 
Earth in a Day. 
of 
Clark’s 8 Foot 
Grading Harrow 
Will smooth an acre as 
true as a mill pond in 
twenty minutes. 
Giark’s Rev. Sulky Disk Plow. 
Made single or double. One or 
two furrows, five to ten inches 
deep, 14 inches wide. For 
two or four horses. Light 
( raft. No side draft No 
similar plow made. When 
(,'lark’s grass tools are used 
as directed In his grass cir- 
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them to kill wild mustard, char¬ 
lock, hard hack, sun flower, milk weed, morning 
glory, Hussion thistle or any other foul plant that 
grows, or money refunded. Now is the time to com¬ 
mence work for next year’s seeding to grass. 
CLARK’S ROOT CUTTER. 
TWO SIZES. Cuts I or 3 
bushels per minute, for fowl 
or beast. G o u j; e cutters, 
never choke or clog. 
PRICE.S7 to S15 
Send for Circulars. 
; PUTAWAY Uaiiow Co. 
E ^Higganum, ^ *Cf. U. S. A. 
^ SOW RAISED 
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