74o 
October 24 
FARMERS’ CLUB 
[Every query must be accompanied by 
the name and address of \he writer to in¬ 
sure attention. Before asking a question, 
please see whether it is .>^ot answered in 
our advertising columns. Ask only a few 
questions at one time. Put (;u(;.-3tions on a 
separate piece of paper.] 
SELECTED MELON SEED. 
I find no advantage in changing or get¬ 
ting melon seed from a different local¬ 
ity and soil. All of my most profitable 
crops have been from my owm seed. Se¬ 
lected seed of one’s own stock is always 
to be preferred to any one can buy, be¬ 
cause you know^ what it is. As melon 
seed is good several years old, I always 
aim to keep two years’ supply on hand, 
so in the event that I should fail to save 
a good supply at any season, 1 would still 
have a year’s planting without having 
to take the chances of going on the mar¬ 
ket to buy, which is never safe. I don’t 
think seed saved from melons caused to 
crack by wet weather would produce any 
noticeable bad effect the first year or 
two. but if follow'ed up, it no doubt 
would eventually. Pure seed of a good 
strain from cracked melons would be 
preferable to taking chances on the mar- 
ket. Anmix. 
Maryland. _______ 
Pecans and Walnuts in Oklahoma. 
A. D., BlackiccU, Okla.—l read last Spring 
of Van Deman’s pecan orchard enterprise. 
Pecans do well here; they bear heavily 
and have matured their crops every year 
since the settlement, 10 years ago. The 
trees grow to enormous size. I have one 
on my place that is four feet through, and 
many smaller ones. They bear all kinds of 
nuts, mostly small. Where can I buy half 
a bushel of good big fresh pecans to plant 
this Fall? I have a good piece of land for 
them that I cannot raise anything else on 
as it overflows several times a year, just 
what pecan trees thrive in. I would like 
to know where to buy half a bushel of so- 
called English walnuts. They ought to 
grow here. In northern France, where I 
W'as raised, they bear nearly every year, 
better nuts than any I have seen on the 
market here. The trees grow very large, in 
a country that is too cold to raise melons, 
tomatoes, sweet potatoes or corn of any 
kind, still I am told they will winterkill 
here. I cannot believe it, as I have seen 
the ice in the old country two feet thick 
and the big old trees bore after that as 
they were not hurt in the least. They were 
all good nuts but different in shape, being 
all seedlings. It has been thought impos¬ 
sible to bud. graft or transplant them with 
success there. 
Axs.—There is scarcely a doubt of 
the success of at least some of the good 
varieties of the pecan in the climate 
and soil described by this reader in 
Oklahoma. It may be that the later 
ripening kinds will not come to full 
maturity there every year, but there are 
others of them that will surely do 
so in ordinary seasons. The idea of 
getting nuts of these choice varieties and 
planting is a great mistake, for the 
seedlings are sure to vary greatly, just 
as seedling fruits do. This has been 
well tested with the pecan. The only 
sure way is to plant budded or grafted 
trees. They can be had from some of 
the pecan nurserymen. At a meeting 
of the American Nut Growers’ Associa¬ 
tion, to be held in New Orleans Oct. 
28-29, this and many other matters rela¬ 
tive to nut 'culture will be discussed. 
The culture of the w'alnut, which is 
called English but is properly the Per¬ 
sian walnut, is something that has long 
troubled Americans. In California and 
on the Pacific coast generally it does well 
in many places, but not in thb Eastern 
States. There is something about the 
climatic changes that does agree 
with the trees. It is thought that va¬ 
rieties will yet be found that will suc¬ 
ceed, and there are some under trial that 
give us reason to hope so. But it would 
be a mistake to plant a lot of nuts for 
the purpose of raising seedlings to set in 
the orchard, unless they will first be 
grafted. This can be done, although it 
is difficult. The commoft Black walnut 
seems to be better as a stock for the 
Persian ■varieties than their own seed- 
llBgB. H. E. V. P, 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER. 
Collar Rot of Apple Trees. 
A. C. //., Yarmouth, W. .S!.—Will you state 
what “collar rot” is. its cause and effect on 
the tree, and its cure? 
Ans.—T here are several diseases af¬ 
fecting the roots and collars and trunks 
of apple trees. They are mostly the 
result of fungus or bacterial growths, 
and live upon the sap of trees, causing 
death of the cells, and usually continue 
to develop at their expense until they 
dwindle and die. Just what particular 
disease may be affecting the trees at 
the collar or elsewhere can only be 
properly stated by an expert mycolo¬ 
gist after an examination by the micro¬ 
scope. Specimens should be submitted 
to the experts at Ottawa, Canada, or 
Washington, D. C., and their advice 
taken as to treatment. There is no cure, 
so far as I know, for any of these dis¬ 
eases where they are once well seated. 
The grubhoe and fire can only stop them. 
n. E. 1 ). 
Root-grafting Apple Trees. 
J. A. R., Grand Island, Neb.—Can the small 
roots of large apple trees, if dug out in the 
Fall, be used for grafting on apple scions, 
and will they be as certain to unite and 
grow as if one-year-old apple seedlin^rs 
are used? 
Axs.—No, the roots of large apple 
trees are not suitable for use as stocks 
for grafting upon. It has been often 
tried, and I have done so in the course 
of my own experiments, and with very 
poor results. The union is by no means 
certain and the growth is very poor. 
These roots seem to be soft and lacking 
in vigor. Those of young seedlings are 
hard and unite with the scions very 
quickly. h. e. v. d. 
Bismarck and Opalescent Apples. 
J. II. S., 'Wapakimeta, 0.—How is the Bis¬ 
marck apple produced? Is it secured as 
other trees are, or is it grafted on some 
other root? If so, how is the root pro- 
'’ured? Do you know anything .nboi’.t ".c 
Opalescent apple as to size, quality, etc.? 
Axs.—The Bismarck apple trees that 
are grown and sold are produced by 
grafting scions of that variety on seed¬ 
ling stocks, which are grown from or¬ 
dinary apple seeds. It is an early bear¬ 
ing variety of only fair quality, but of 
good size and very attractive appear¬ 
ance. The Opalescent is another newly 
introduced apple which has been but 
little tested as yet. However, enough is 
known about it to make it worthy of 
trial. It is of fair size and quality 
II. E. A'. D. 
The Primate Apple.— During the State 
Fair a bronze tablet was erected to mark 
the spot where the first Primate apple was 
grown. The tablet reads as follows: 
“On this farm Calvin D. Bingham 
about 1840 produced the marvelous 
PRIMATE APPDE 
Named by Charles P. Cowles. 
God’s earth is full of love to man.” 
John T. Roberts, of Syracuse, located the 
spot on which the old tree grew in the 
town of Camillus, and the tablet w’as the 
result of his labors. Mr. Bingham was a 
cousin of D. D. T. Moore, the original own¬ 
er of The R. N.-Y., who often visited this 
farm. This ceremony called together a 
good Fathering of people. It was a beau¬ 
tiful thing thus to commemorate an ap¬ 
ple that is famous throughout central New 
York. 
Orchard Cultia'ation.—I believe most 
of us have a good deal to learn about the 
cultivation of trees. I have a block of 
plum trees five years old last Spring; part 
of the trees have not been cultivated in 
two years, and are fully as healthy and 
fine (I think more so) than those along¬ 
side of them which have been well culti¬ 
vated. I used to think that weeds were 
a terrible curse to an orchard, until I 
greatly injured an orchard by late plow¬ 
ing; now’ my orchards are not cultivated 
at all after August 1. Of course the weeds 
grow after this, and sometimes I am really 
ashamed of the orchards, but ordinary 
years I do not believe the trees are in¬ 
jured by the Fall growth of weeds. It is 
a question whether they do not give back 
to the soil as much as they take out. 
Then, again, may they not help to ripen 
up the wood of the trees, and thus help 
make the trees hardier to the cold? 
New Jersey. av. h. s. 
A New’ Peach.— I send you a couple of 
my seedling peaches by mail. These are 
medium, the large ones having been bit¬ 
ten by insects. Tree is 13 years old, never 
pruned or manured, growing in sod with 
cellar wall within four feet on on^ side 
and hard gravel driveway within seven 
feet on opposite side. If worthy of notice 
would be pleased to have your opinion of 
it. D- R- G- 
Clinton^ Mich. 
R. N.-Y.—The peaches were large and 
well formed, rather dull orange and yellow 
in coloring, A’ery fuzzy. Flesh bright yel¬ 
low, rich and pleasant in flavor, with much 
of the juiciness of Late Crawford. Free¬ 
stone, with small pit. A meritorious A’a- 
riety evidently, but the samples were too 
dull in color for market purposes. 
The Grades i-ea.— On page 658 we notice 
the articles on the defects of the Gradus 
pea. We have planted this A’ariety of pea 
every year since introduced into this coun- 
try, paying $1 per quart for the seed the 
first year. The production has been from 
32 to 40 bushels from one peck of seed until 
1902, when we sold from 16 quarts of seed 
112 bushels, and there w’ere five bushels 
more or less used in the family. This sea¬ 
son was the poorest for peas we have ever 
known, the production of the Gradus being 
only 25 biiRhels from one peck of seed. 
There was no rain after planting until 
nearly picking time. The A’ines ha\’e al¬ 
ways been a yellowish color. We haA'e 
found the Gradus to be better in quality 
than any other .variety. We have tried all 
varieties except the Thomas Laxton. 
Bristol Co., Mass. R. g. buffinton. 
For the land’s sake, use Bowker’s Fer¬ 
tilizers. They enrich the earth.— Adv. 
When you write advertisers mention The 
R. N.-Y. .and you will get a quick reply and 
“a square deal.” See our guarantee 8th page. 
BUDDED FRUITS. 
Peach, Apple and Pear Buds. 
i Largest and best assortment in the United States. 
I Write ns to-day for the list of varieties & prices. 
Harrison’s Nurseries, Hox 30. Tterlin, litd. 
PECAN TREES AND NUTS seedling trees. (1, Ssnd 
8 years old.) THK 0. H. HACON rKCAN CO., (Ine.) Dswitt, tl«. 
F" H TTS T*Z 
My Illustrated Catalogue of Trees and Plants at 
WHOLESALE PRICES. Buy direct, and save 
commissions. 1 pay the freight when cash accom- 
E. O. PETERSON, MONTROSE NURSERIES, 
Montrose, N. Y. 
THIS IS THE 
Best Season 
to plant Apple, Pear, Plum, Cherry, Quince, and Nut 
Trees. All the Small Fruits, and Hardy Ornamentais 
n.amed in our free AUTUMN CATALOGUE. Write 
for it. Our stock first-class. Prices reasonable. 
T. J. DWYER & SON, 
Orange County Nurseries, Cornwall, N. Y, 
i Fruit & Ornamental, 
tShrubs, Roses, Bulbs 
Jand Plants. 
Catalogue No.1,112 page*, 
free to purchasers of Fruit 
and Ornamental Trees. 1^. 8,64 
Dages, to buyers of Holland Bulbs and Green- 
house plants. Try us, satisfaction guaranteed 
Correspondence solicited. oOth year. 44 greenhouses. 
1000 acres. 
THE STORRS & HARRISON CO., 
DAIUCGUII I F. OMIOa 
A Safe and 
Profitable 
place for 
your money ' 
is an Invest¬ 
ment Account 
with this bank- 
pay* Four per 
I _ cent, compound in¬ 
terest on all amounts from One Dollar 
up. Our Banking by Mail system brings 
1 our Bank to your postofiice. j 
[to-day for explanatory booklet. Iv.Y.! 
PITTSBURGH BANK FOR SAVINGS 
SMITHFIELD & FOURTH AVE 
ESTABLISHED 1862 PITTSBURGH PA 
SPECIAL SALE. 
In order to reduce a large stock of extra 
fine Peach Trees, Call’s Nurseries, Perry, 
Ohio, are offering our customers very low 
rates for the next Thirty daj’s. These 
trees are all Northern Grown Trees from 
Natural Tennessee Pits and are free from 
Scale or disease of any kind. Write 
them for prices, stating the number of 
Trees wanted. 
PEACH 
and other FRUIT TREES at fair 
prices. Circubar free. K. S. JOHN¬ 
STON. Box 4, Stockley. Del. 
100,000 Apple, 200,000 Peach, 
30M. SOUR CHERRY. Low Prices. Catalogue. 
WOODVIEW NURSERIES, B. 2, Mt Holly Springs.Pa 
]) BST NURSERY STOCK—At the old Reliable Milford 
■U Nurseries, Established. 1870 Peach Trees, 4c.; 
Plums, and other stock. Blackberry plants, $.5a 1.000 
Catalogue. Milford Nurseries, BoxOl, Milford, Del- 
TTCES SUCCEED WHERE 
Largeet Nursery. OTHERS FAIL 
'Fruit Book Free. Result of 78 years’ experience 
NTaRK BROS, Lonisiana, Mo.; Dansvllle, N. Y.; Etc 
NORTHERN GROWN TREES. 
lest climate, Best soil. Best for the Fruit 
irower. Best for Agent and Dealer. Best Cata- 
ague, Best Prices. My treatment and trees make 
ermanent customers. Once tried, always wanted. 
Catalogue free. Instructive, interesting. 
MARTIN WAHL, Rochester, N T 
MAIDEN’S BLUSH 
is but one of hundreds of varieties of trees ^wn 
by ns. 'We send FREE, upon request, new hand¬ 
some, complete illustrated catalogue, giving valu¬ 
able hints and suggestions on selection and care 
''f stock. We have Largest Nurseries, Most Com- 
lete Facilities in Michigan. Write us to-day. 
A T iLTTr'UTn A '^JTTT?S1^'R.'V. 
DON’T WAIT 
till Spring to buy those Trees, 
Plants or Ornamental stock which 
you have in mind. Send us your 
order now and save money. Get 
first-class goods and avoid the 
rush of Spring orders. We have 
a large stock to select from and 
guarantee satisfaction. Ours is 
the largest Nursery in New Eng¬ 
land—over 200 acres in trees. 
Catalogue sent free to R. N.-Y. 
readers. Send your address. 
THESTEPHEN HOYT’S SONS CO., 
NEW^ CAN-ilAN, CONN. 
;eeds 
AND 
IRAIN 
Red Alslke, Crimson and Alfalfa 
Clovers. Timothy and Grass Seeds. 
Hungarian, Millet & Buckwheat. 
Dwarf Essex Rape and Sand 
Vetches. Turnip Seed and Seed 
Wheat. 
Feeding com and Oats In car 
lots, delivered on your track. 
cupper Grain & Seed Cleaners 
Let Us Know Your Wants. 
_^ . _,.|pps Seed & Implement Co., 
Department “ A,” Toledo, Ohio. 
ALFALFA 
THE GREAT PROTEIN CLOVER. 
Henry Phi 
Our booklet tells all about 
it, free. Prize Medals two 
AmericanExpositions, and 
at Paris (France), 1900 . 
The C. A. Smurthwaite Produce Ge., 
OGDEN, UTAH. 
FRUIT TREES 
FOR FALL PLANTING 
We do not hesitate to say that you wUlget mow 
excellent results from planting our Trees in uc^ 
ber and November. A full line of varieties, nameu 
In my Catalogue, which is free. Get it to-day. 
&. 'WHjEY, 
Cayuga Nurseries, Cayuga, 
'N. Y* 
Pear Trees. Bred from selected hearing trees. $13.50 per 
100. Send for photo, also prices of other business kinds. 
BOGEKS ON THE HULL, DANSVIUUB, N. 
BOSC 
Y. 
TREES 
00 DCD inn APPLE, PEAR, CHERRY, and PEACH, healthy,true to name and 
OO I lH IUUi Fumigated. Allkindsof trees and plants at low wholesale pricM. 
Don’t buy until yon get our catalogue, which Is free, or send list of wants for specia 
price. Address RELIANCE NURS^;RY, Box 10, Geneva, New York. 
Hyacinths, Tulips, Crocus, Narcissus, Lilies, &c. 
Our New Bulb Catalogue is sent free. It teiis 
all about the best bulbs, also seasonable seeds 
___ and plants, including our celebrated grass mix- 
and pleasure ground. HENRY 4. DREER^ Philadelphia^ Pa. 
FOR FALL 
PLANTING 
