764 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER 
October 3i, 
» 
MARKETS 
General Review, 
The New York Milk Exchange has ad¬ 
vanced the price one-fourth cent. It now 
nets three cents per quart to shippers in 
26-cent freight zone, where no station 
charges are made. Peaches are practi¬ 
cally out of the market. Grape prices hold 
up w’ell. The peddlers who usually sell 
at 10 cents per four-pound basket are out 
of business this year, as the retail price 
is about twice this sum. Cranberry trade 
is picking up. The call for apples is im¬ 
proving, but they are arriving in such 
quantities that the market is weak on all 
but choice grades. Potatoes have dropped. 
Top quotations given are considered ex¬ 
treme. Choice onions are selling w’ell; all 
others dull. 
Prices obtained during week ending Oc¬ 
tober 22, 1903: 
GRAIN.—Wheat, No. 2, red, 8614 ; No. 1. 
Northern, Duluth, 92%; No. 2, hard. New 
York, 85%. Corn. 51@54. Oats, 41(5)43. Rye, 
State, 56@58%. Barley, 46@54. 
BEANS.—Marrow, $2.50(5)2.90; pea, $2.20(5 
2.25. 
HAY AND STRAW.-Hay. No. 1, 87%@90; 
No. 2, 80@85; No. 3, 70^177%; clover, mixed, 
70(575; clover, 60(565; marsh, 50. Straw, rye, 
$1(51.25. 
FEED.-Retail prices. Western Spring 
bran, $20; standard middlings. $22. 
MILK.—New York Exchange price three 
cents per quart to shippers in 26-cent 
freight zone. Receipts for week ending 
October 17 were 189,696 cans milk and 8,60f 
cans cream. The greatest quantity, 34,55C 
cans, came by Lackaw'anna Railroad. 
BUTTEIR.—Creamery, 16(521; State dairy, 
154720; Western factory, 13%(516; renovated. 
134717; packing stock, 12%(515%. 
CHEESE.—Full cream, 9@11%; skims, 
3y2@9y4. 
EGGS.—Choice to fancy, 25(530; lower 
grades, 16(521. 
HOPS.—State, choice, 30(582; ordinary, 
25(527; olds, 10(513. 
DRIED FRUITS.—Apples, evaporated, 
6%@7; sun-dried, 3%(54%; chops, 100 lbs., 
$2.50(52.60; cores and skins. $1.50(51.62; rasp¬ 
berries, 18(522; huckleberries, 13%(514; black¬ 
berries, 5%(56%. 
FRESH FRUITS.—Apples, choice, bbl., 
$2@3.25; under grades, $1(51.50. Pears, bbl., 
$1.50@4. Peaches, 16-qt. basket, $1(51.25. 
Grapes, 4-11). basket, 12(520; 24-11). carrier, 
65(585; bulk, ton, 50(560. Cranberries, bbl., 
$6.25(58.50. 
VEGETABLES.—Potatoes, good to ch.. 
bbl., $1.85@2.12; low'er grades, $1.62@1.75; 
sweets, yellow, $1@2.50. Carrots, bbl., 75(5$1. 
Celery, doz., 10@40. Corn, 100, 50®$1.50. 
Cucumbers, bbl., $2(54.50. Egg plant.s. bbl., 
$ 254 . Lettuce, doz., 10(540. Onions, bbl., 
yellow', $1.25(52; red, $1.50@2.25; white, $1(54. 
Peppers, bbl., 75(5$1.50. Peas, bu. basket, 
$15-2.50. String beans, bu. basket, 755$1.50. 
Squash, bbl., marrow, 50(575; Hubbard, $1. 
Turnips, rutabaga, 75@85. Tomatoes, bu. 
box, 40(5$1. 
GINSENG.—Northern, $5.5056.50; West¬ 
ern, $555.50; Southern, $4.5055. 
NUTS .—Chestnuts, small, bu., $456. 
Large, cultivated, $153. Hickorynuts, bu., 
SI. 7552 . Pecans, lb., 757%. 
COUNTRY-DRESSED MEATS.—V e a 1 . 
calves, good to prime, 11512 ; buttermilks, 
759 . Pork, light, S%59; medium, 757%. 
LIVE POL^LTRY.—Chickens, 10; fow'l.s. 
11; turkeys, 11; ducks, pair, 60575; geese, 
pair, $1.2551.37; pigeons, pair, 18520. 
DRESSED POULTRY.—Turkeys, 12516; 
chickens, II 5 I 8 ; fowls, 8%512; ducks, 9518; 
geese, 17; squabs, doz., $1.7553.50. 
LIVE STOCK. 
NEW YORK.—Steers, native, $3.75(0)5.55; 
bulls, $2.2553.90; cows, $1.1053.75; calves, 
veal, $558.75; lower grades, $354. Sheep, 
$2.2553.75; lambs, $4.7556.75. Hogs, $656.15. 
EAST BUFFALO.—Butchers’ steers, 
$5.25 55.50; stockers and feeders, $2.7553.85; 
calves, $658.50. Sheep, $1.5053.50; lambs, 
$4.2555.30. Hogs. $5.7555.90; pigs, $5.2555.35. 
CHICAGO.—Steers, good to prime, $5,205 
5.90; Stockers and feeders, $2.2554.10; Tex- 
3; lambs, $3.4555.75. Hogs, mixed and 
ans, $2.7553.50; cow's, $1.3554.40. Sheep, $25 
butchers’, $5.3555.70. 
Hairy Vetch vs. Orange Hawkweed. 
In this part of Maine, the Kennebec Val¬ 
ley. there are two plants which are making 
preparation to owm the whole thing. One 
is a friend, lately so recognized, the other 
an enemy. The latter is the Orange hawk- 
weed. which is the only one as yet with 
which by digging and picking, salting and 
oiling I am unable more than to hold my 
own. Tw'enty years ago another plant, 
with straggling growth, and strings of blue 
flowers, in one of the nearby fields, began 
to crowd out the other grass and gain a 
few feet every year. It was cut in haying 
and usually left on the ground for fear it 
might kill the cattle. It is the vetch, 
which is now moving in good society, and 
looked up to as quite equal to the cow pea. 
There is no plant which seems so much 
at home, in rich or poor soil, as the Hairy 
vetch. When given a fair chance it fairly 
covers the ground wuth billows of blue 
ilow'ers. It looks at a distance like waves 
or windrows. Now% w'hy cannot this good 
fighter, our friend, be pitted against our 
highly-colored enemy the hawkweed, and 
on farms w'here the latter has run out all 
other plants be employed to conquer it? 
I have not tried it because our fields are 
fairly clean, but nearby are fields so badly 
covered with hawkweed that no ordinary 
cultivation, probably, can ever reclaim 
them. Successive crops have filled the soil 
with seed. But the vetch itself, out of 
place, is a bad weed, and I do not allow 
a plant to seed if I can help it. c. s. p. 
FILTER FOR A CISTERN. 
The simple plan for a cistern filter given 
on page 692 is the one used In my home 
in Missouri, where the water was about 
the worst in the world for drinking pur¬ 
poses. The cistern held 100 barrels, built 
jug fashion, the highest quality of work¬ 
manship. with a windlass ch'ain pump, the 
theory being, I believe, that the water is 
prevented from becoming still or stagnant, 
as each turn brings the w'ater from the 
very bottom. No Summer rains were al¬ 
lowed to go into the cistern. Fall, Winter 
and the cold Spring rains kept us fully 
supplied. We did not need a particle of 
ice, the water being cold cand clear. The 
cleaning was very thorough. An extension 
ladder w'as lowered, and every inch of the 
huge jug was scrubbed, then wiped with 
clean cloths, the bottom wiped as dry as 
though one wanted to sit on it. Our 
neighbor’s cistern being much smaller than 
ours sometimes gave out sometime ahead. 
It was cleaned out at once, we lending 
our aid, of course, another instance of 
how people used to be happy doing some 
one a favor and taking exchanges as the 
only way to. do. A w'ord as to the char¬ 
coal—get the best; do not make it too 
fine. If at any time a fresh supply is hard 
to get, renovate the old by burning it in 
an iron kettle out of doors; the only thing 
needed to restore its purity Is this high 
heat. ^_ E. M. 
“Escutcheon” or Milk Mirror.— What 
is “escutcheon” in cattle, male and female? 
Mooresville, N. C. s. a. l. 
Guenon, a French writer, undertook to 
show the capacity of a cow as a milker 
by the “escutcheon” or milk mirror. This 
is found in the space between the hips 
above the udder. The growth of hair is 
upward, this being caused, as Guenon 
claimed, by the weight of the udder and 
milk veins. Where these are very heavy 
the space occupied by this upw'ard growing 
hair is larger and tvider. Practical dairy¬ 
men do not pay much attention to the de¬ 
tails of this “milk mirror,” though it is 
a fact that this broad space of up- 
growing hair does indicate a good milker. 
Brief Poultry Note.—I send you the 
egg record of Topsy, a black hen of un¬ 
known breed, purchased June 1 of this 
year. Up to September 15 she has laid 68 
eggs, an average of nearly 20 a month, 
fully one-third of this number being large 
double-yolked eggs, some with smooth 
shells, some roughly corrugated, and some 
with deep spiral grooves. She had free 
range for the first month and has since 
been confined with the young stock. She 
has been fed bran, cornmeal, wheat, 
cracked corn and table scraps; no shells 
or milk, and no extra care. Do not hens 
suffer sometimes from too much care? Is 
not the plan of compelling hens to scratch 
for a living possibly overdone, the fuel go¬ 
ing up the chimney instead of giving out 
heat? I have laid in a good supply of 
clover hay to cut for the hens during the 
Winter, and feed them cut grass and 
clover with garden refuse during the Sum¬ 
mer. No medicines and condiments ex¬ 
cepting a little red pepper mixed with their 
feed about once a w'eek in very cold weath¬ 
er; fresh water once a day in Summer, 
tw'o or three times a day in Winter. 
Connecticut. w. g. r. 
English Bread Laws.— In the United 
States bread is ordinarily sold by the loaf, 
but in Great Britain it can be sold by 
w'eight only, although an exception is made 
in favor of fancy bread or rolls. The 
weight or size may differ according to 
price, but by act of Parliament it must 
be weighed before it is delivered to a cus¬ 
tomer. The weighing need not be done in 
the' presence of the customer, hut the 
baker must be provided with correct scales 
and weights, not only in his shop, but also 
in his delivery w'agon. The absence of 
such appliances subjects the baker to a 
fine of not more than £5, and a refusal to 
weigh the bread upon request will be pun- 
i.shed by a similar fine. If he does not 
weigh his bread, the mere fact that a cus¬ 
tomer asked for it by weight is evidence 
upon which the baker may be con¬ 
victed. Penalties are of course provided 
for giving light weight. Unfortunately, 
however, the.se bread laws have been 
habitually infringed, because their enforce¬ 
ment rests with the customer, who rarely 
realizes the power thus conferred. There 
are inspectors to test the accuracy of the 
scales and the purity of the products, 
while the police must see that the scales 
and weights are provided, but it is the 
duty of the purchaser to see that the 
w'eighing is done, and apparently this has 
rarely been insisted upon. Recently atten¬ 
tion has been called to the fact that while 
this law should protect consumers it has 
been persistently infringed, and those pur¬ 
chasers w’ho insist upon the weighing of 
the bread find that they have been ex¬ 
tensively defrauded. The present agitation 
of this subject will give a better under¬ 
standing of the law to the purcha.sers, 
who will thus insist upon Its fulfillment. 
As a rule Great Britain appears very 
active in protecting the consumer against 
fraudulent food; w’e are often impressed 
by the heavy fines inflicted upon violators 
of the food laws, and the energy expended 
in prosecuting them. 
Homophonic Conversation Book in 
English, German, French and Italian. This 
little book is intended as an aid to mem¬ 
ory in learning these languages. It is 
based upon the principle of similarity of 
sound, and does not touch upon details of 
grammatical construction. The conver¬ 
sations are arranged under different head¬ 
ings: Salutation, The Time, The 'W'eather, 
The News, etc. Also covering the various 
situations and emergencies in travel: Be¬ 
fore Sailing, On Board a Steamship, Land¬ 
ing. at an Inn, ’Faking Furnished Rooms, 
Traveling by Railway, Breakfast, Dinner, 
Tea and Supper, Interviews with a Tailor, 
Shoemaker, Physician. Bookseller, etc.— 
in all 31 headings. Also cardinal and or¬ 
dinal numbers and divisions of time are 
given, whether homophonic or not. Near¬ 
ly 500 homophonic words are used, an al¬ 
phabetical table of which is added, giving 
the form of the word in each language. 
Published by C. V. Waite, 479 Jackson 
Boulevard. Chicago; 137 pages; price $1. 
MORE EGGS AND LARGER ONES. 
1 get many more eggs, and larger ones, 
since I have been using Bowker’s Animal 
Meal than -with any other preparation I 
have ever fed to my fowls. It has given 
me excellent results. 
Topsham, Vt. J. W. Merritt.—Adv. 
When you w'rite advertisers mention The 
R N.--Y. and you will get a quick reply and 
*‘a square deal.” See our guarantee 8th page. 
WE BUY ANYTHING STcS, 
ping commissions: no charge, buyer's commission our 
profit; send explicit instructions with prices. Satisfac¬ 
tion assured. References. Out-of-Town Purchasing 
Bureau. E. F. DUVIVIKR, Prop..63 Barclay St., N. Y. 
Ill who gather or cultivate GINSENG will do well 
ALL to write for prices before selling. Address, 
LEMUEL BLACK, Exporter of Raw Furs and lioaler 
in Ginseng, Hlghtstown. N. J.. Ix)ck Box 48. Refer¬ 
ence: First National Bank of Hlghtstown. 
W ANTED,—Agents to sell Nursery stock Whole 
or part time ; fast selling specialties; choice 
territory. PROTECTIVE NURSERIES,Geneva, N.Y. 
male 
I I Cb I I IV help of any kind, 
favor us with your orders. Mail orders a specialty. 
I. BERZ, Labor Agency, 2 Carlisle St., New York. 
U/and wife to take charge of small 
If An I LU farm. Send full particulars to J., 1132 
Broad-Exchange Building, New York City. 
Apples Poultry 
During Pall and Winter wo have a large trade in 
Dressed Poultry. Let ns know what you have to sell. 
Wo also handle Eggs, Fruits and Vegetables, and se¬ 
cure Highest Prices for Choice Goods. 
archdeacon & CO., 100 MURRAY STREET, N. Y 
GKO. P. HAMMOND. EST. 1875. FRANK W. GODWIN. 
GEO. P. HAMMOND & CO., 
Commission Merchants and Dealers in all kinds of 
COUNTRY PRODUCE, Apples, Peaches, Berries. 
Butter, Eggs, Cheese, Poultry. Mushrooms and Hot¬ 
house Products a Hpecialty. Consignments solioited. 
34 & 36 Little 12th St., New York. 
Oldest Commission auSchlese’ 
pork, poultry, dressed calves, game, etc. Fruits' 
WOODWARD 302 Greenwich Street, New York' 
eggs, 
E B 
WM. H. COHEN & CO., 
Commission Merchants,'' 
229 and 231 Washington Street, New York. 
OUR SPECIALTIES: 
Game, 
1 Poultry 1 
Mushrooms, 
Bhirs, 
1 Calves 1 
Nuts, 
Ginseng, 
1 Hot House Lambs,! 
1 Fancy Eggs. 
FARMS 
For rich farming, fruit growing, fine 
climate, 
write 
J.D.S.HANSON 
I MICH. 
FALL BARGAIN LIST 
of 200 of the best trades in New Eng¬ 
land, justout.FREEforstamp; afew 
with crops, stock and tools Included; 
on easy terms. Write E. A.STROUT, 
642 Union Mutual Bldg., Portland, Me 
IOWA FARMS ®.fi- 
Per AOre« 
Wseno’Improved Iowa farms close to church, school AM. 
towa, ^th local telephone and rural mall deUvery, soil rick 
black toam,andleTel,at|45to J86 jet acre. We also hari 
apedai bargains In North and South Dakota and Canada, tu 
yo* wish to buy or sell land or city property anywhere, write 
to n, for confidential terms. We make a specialty of Ions 
’ange aales, so no matter how far away you live, If Interest 
write us. We refund railway fare to parties who buy of ns^ 
Send for price list with pictures of farms, 
THE JOHN M.CANNON LAND AGENCY, CRESCO, IOWA. 
" 
DE LAVAL 
CREAM SEPARATORS 
Are In A Class By Themselves 
There Being 475,000 In Use 
OR TEN TIMES ALL OTHER MAKES COMBINED 
FIBST—ALWAYS BEST - CHEAPEST 
Send for Catalogue and name of 
nearest local agent. 
THE BE LAVAL SEPARATOR CO., 
Randolph & Canal Sts., 
CHICAGO. 
1213 Filbert Street, 
PHILADELPHIA. 
9 & 11 Drumm St., 
SAN FRANCISCO. 
General Oflices: 
74 Cortlandt Street^ 
NEW YORK. 
121 Youvllle Square, 
MONTREAL, 
75 & 77 York Street, 
TORONTO 
248 McDermot A venue 
WINNIPEG. 
OON*T BUY GALSOUAIE EISIGiNES “TH e'^MASTER^^WORKM AN,” 
n’ one-cyllndcr engines. Costs less to buy and less to run. Quicker and easier started; has a wider sphere 
Df usefulness. Has no vibration, can be moimted on any light wagon as a portable Weighs less than % of one-cylinder engines. Give size of engine 
teauired. Please mention this paper. Send for catalogue. THE TEMPLE PUMP CO., Established 1853 Meagher and 16th Street. CHICAGO. 
