1003 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER, 
8o5 
EVERYBODY'S OARDEN. 
Queries as to Drainage.—I have a piece 
of meadow land lying alongside a good 
running brook. I am desirous of putting 
a piece 140x150 into truck. The land is a 
.sandy loam, somewhat wet, but has one 
tile drain running through it. I am think¬ 
ing of opening two ditches two feet wide 
and two feet deep about 45 feet apart be¬ 
yond the tile drain, and filling the same 
in with broken brick, which I can get for 
the hauling. Would such a ditch drain 
this land sufficiently well to grow truck? 
It is_ very rich land and I am anxious to 
put it to good use. What other vegetables 
besides celery and onions would do well on 
this land? c. j. 
Klberon, N. J. 
Regarding your plan of drainage, I 
know nothing of the elevation above 
the brook; but if possible to do so, and 
still get fall enough, by all means go 
deeper than two feet. Two feet would 
of course carry off much surface water, 
if that is what you have to contend 
with, and also some of the water below 
the surface. Drains that depth and dis¬ 
tance apart will be helpful, but chiefly 
as to (surface water. Here is a safe rule, 
and the one usually adopted as the 
standard of drainage estimates. One 
foot in depth is supposed to drain eight 
feet in width, i. e., four feet on each 
side of the ditch. This is about the av¬ 
erage, (SO you will see h.o-w much more 
three or four feet in depth will do pro¬ 
vided the fall will admit of it. If not, 
then do the best you can and go as 
deeply as the fal\ will allow. Forty- 
five feet will be too far apart for thor¬ 
ough drainage, but will be very, very 
much better than nothing. First of all, 
I would suggest finding out how deep 
you can go and still make sure of hav¬ 
ing fall enough. Then let the depth 
govern the distance apart. Were you 
Planning for simply one year, this would 
not pay, perhaps, but this work is per¬ 
manent, and a little extra expense at the 
start will count as nothing in the life 
of a well-laid drain. If the work can¬ 
not be done all at one time, no matter; 
make it permanent as far as you go, 
finishing later on. As to structure, the 
broken brick will be al\ right. I think; 
but I should prefer to lay them'with 
considerable care at the bottom, mak¬ 
ing a sort of open water-way along the 
center, say four inches wide. Cover the 
open way with the largest pieces of 
brick, then above that they can be 
thrown in more at random. If the brick 
supply is liable to run short, narrow the 
ditche-s to 18 inches. If the bottom is 
well laid you can do with far le(HS brick, 
provided they are well covered with 
mar(.'h grass or straw before filling In 
with earth. Rye straw, if obtainable, 
will make a durable covering. 
As TO Vauietik.s.— If the ground will 
produce onions and celery, there need 
be little fear as to most other veg- 
etable(s. Among those that ought to 
succeed especially well are cabbage and 
cauliflower. The former ought always 
to do well on low ground provided it 
does not drown out; it likes moisture 
and thrives in a reasonably moist loca¬ 
tion. The latter requires even more, 
and must have it for best results. To¬ 
matoes will no doubt do well there, es¬ 
pecially for the late crop, which would 
very likely be more dependable than for 
first early. Radishes and lettuce will 
find their native heath in such soil, and 
root crops, as beets, turnips and pars¬ 
nips will not need to look farther for a 
congenial home. I would not hesitate 
to try almost anything in the vegetable 
line. Strawberries and blackberries 
ought also to do well. The foregoing, 
of course, presupposes that the drain¬ 
age will keep the water under reason¬ 
able control, which would probably re¬ 
quire deeper ditches than you men¬ 
tioned. If you cared to make a special¬ 
ty of celery, then shallovJ drainage 
would be best, just sufficient to control 
the surface water and 15 or 18 inches be- 
Ipw. Lower than that, standing water 
is the ideal condition for celery. 
Water Cress.— Why. not try water 
cress? With frontage on a running 
brook you already have the prime es¬ 
sential for its culture, and there is 
money in growing it. A grower of my 
acquaintance is shipping it at a good 
profit, and has leased creek privileges 
through a farm of 60 acres. It will not 
require a foot of your higher ground, 
unless by slight damming of the creek 
you could flow some portion of the land 
which would pay welj, I believe. It is 
in demand the season through, which is 
from early Spring until Winter. To¬ 
day, November 7, I have keen down to 
the brook which touches one side of our 
place. It is growing green and vigor¬ 
ous, and it wais only the work of a mo¬ 
ment to gather sufficient for ourselves 
and a neighbor. Unfortunately for us, 
the brook, after reaching our line, sud¬ 
denly changed its mind and do’dged off 
upon another course, (so we have but 
little frontage. Next year we hope to 
utilize both sides of the stream and 
plant out all the available space. The 
planting out is an easy matter, and with 
the brook privileges at hand, we can 
have a most delicious and wholesome 
relish at hand nearly the whole year 
through, and almo(3t for the asking. Il, 
may be grown by sowing the seed along 
the edge of the stream if care is taken 
to sow where it will not be washed out 
by the current, or the slips may be gath¬ 
ered and pressed into the wet soil along 
the margin or in the mud at the bottom 
of the stream. It takes root very read¬ 
ily, and grows rapidly, and is better for 
being frequently cut before the 'stems 
become too tough. During the Sum¬ 
mer I crossed a stream familiar to me 
from boyhood, but never before had 
noticed how abundantly the water cress 
grew. ITie neighbor with whom we 
shared the cres(s to-day told me that 
years ago his father planted the first 
slips there, and now it could be profit¬ 
ably gathered for market purposes 
J. E. MORSE, 
THE VERMONT BEAUTY APPLE. 
Specimen of this promising new apple 
were (sent by T. J. Dwyer & Son, and a 
fair sample is shown at Fig. 299, first 
page. As to its origin the following ac¬ 
count is given: 
The Vermont Beauty originated at Char¬ 
lotte, Vt., seven years ago. It grew from 
seed planted in the corner of a fruit grow¬ 
er's garden; other seedlings sprouted and 
developed into small trees with it, but all 
were cut down except this one tree, it re¬ 
ceived no care whatever; in fact, it was 
unnoticed and neglected until it began 
fruiting, when the people passing near by 
on the roadside were attracted to it by 
the fine large handsome fruit it was bear¬ 
ing. The original tree is now seven years 
old from the root, and has borne heavily 
for the past three years in succession: it 
is 10 feet in height and 48 feet around the 
outside branches. 
From an examination of a few speci¬ 
mens we consider the following descrip¬ 
tion a fair one: 
In formation, appearance and general 
make-up, the fruit has a combination of 
the desirable characteristics of King of 
Tompkins County and Northern Spy, the 
latter predominating to a considerable ex¬ 
tent. When well ripened, however, the 
fruit has more of the King flavor, while in 
other features it resembles the Spy. In 
shape, the fruit is inclined to roundish; 
average samples are 12 inches in circumfer¬ 
ence. Some measure 15 inches and weigh 
20 ounces. The color on one side is crim¬ 
son with a smooth oily surface, as if var¬ 
nished, making it at once very attractive 
and pleasing to the eye; the other side is 
splashed with red and striped quite simi¬ 
lar to Northern Spy. The calyx is small, 
nearly closed and set in a deep uneven 
basin; cavity quite regular, broad and deep, 
stem short and strong and set deep down 
in the core,, as all fruit growers know, a 
very desirable feature, making tlie fruit 
hang on the trees during severe wind¬ 
storms, flesh white, flavor subacid, rich, 
aromatic and pleasant. It ripens in early 
December and keeps well during January 
and February. It makes both a desirable 
and valuable eating and cooking apple. 
We all understand that a new apple 
must possess very desirable points of 
appearance and quality, and that the 
tree must be a strong grower in order 
to win approval. The fruit of Vermont 
Beauty is certainly desirable. 
GARDEN AND FARM NOTES. 
Try making hotbeds about IPA feet wide, 
sash sloping east and west, 4x4 through 
center for rafters to rest on and head of 
sash. We have them 16 feet to 72 feet long. 
Elarly in the morning of a dry time 
scrape the dust off in the road and see if 
you do not find a moist spot. Plow a part 
of your corn ground early in Spring and 
drag it every week, then plow the rest 
just before planting and if a dry time 
comes on see the difference in the corn. 
With me in the dry Summer of a few years 
ago it resulted in a fair crop on, early 
plowed ground and almost no crop on late- 
plowed. 
I put one load of horse manure from a 
cellar that was so burned you could not 
jab a fork in it two inches on a fresh 
turned clover sod for corn; did not notice 
corn crop, but a row of potatoes yielded 
double as to size and number where the 
manure was put. Next year sowed to 
Spring wheat and the heads were longer 
and higher on that spot (no manure on the 
rest of field) and the clover was as fine 
as you could wish, the rest of field so poor 
that I plowed it up next year. s. w. b. 
For the land’s sake, use Bowker’s Fer¬ 
tilizers. They enrich the earth.— Adv. 
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MIXED PAINTS 
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ALFALFA 
THE CHEAT PROTEIN CLOVER. 
Our booklet tells all about 
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AmericanExpositions, and 
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The G. A. Smurthwaite Produce Co., 
OGDEN, UTAH. 
95 large 
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sizes to suit all.) The body 
ofthis high grade range is made of 
old rolled steel, top and all castings of 
best No. 1 pig iron. Crate; we use im- 
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Oak 
Heater 
just as illustrated. Burns 
hard or soft coal or wood. 
Has drawn center grate, 
corrugated fire pot, cold 
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heavy cast base, large cast 
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top ring name plate, foot 
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We have heating 
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Hot blast, air tights, 
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VU I I niO All UU I tells you how to order. Don't buy a stove of any kind until you get our catalogus 
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A COW, 
Steer, Bull or Horse 
hide, Calf skin, Dog 
skin, or any other kind 
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But first get our Catalogue, 
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THE CROSBY FRISIAN FUR COMPANY, 
116 Mill Street, Rochester. N. Y. 
M W W COMFOir 
1 V ■ 
There is no satisfaction keener 
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Don’t 
Stop 
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Use the 
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Uoes away with the 
labor of 2 or 3 men. 
Guaranteed not to cut 
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Cleveland, Ohio. 
Straight Straw, Rye and Wheat Thrasher 
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Send for price list and FKEK catalogue of Wlr* 
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CASOLINE ENGINES 
Three Horse Power, iSlOO 
Five Horse Power, $150 
wood; cuts feed. Does all 
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Cos Cob, Conn. 
UNION LOCK 
Poultry 
Fencing 
Has been fully tea*, 
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Will fit uneven 
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HolS fine mesh at bottom for small chicks. 
We also make extra heavy for gardens, lawns, 
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Write for free catalogof Farm, L.awn and Poultry Fencing. 
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CHARTER 
Gasoline Engine. 
For Grinding, Rhelling, Fodder Cutting, 
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If you want water only when the wind blows a windmill will do your work 
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