1903 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER 
8i5 
C NOTES ON DAIRY MATTERS. 
Manure? Yes, we make lots of it from 
60 cows, more than a two-horse load a 
day, sufficient to give all the meadows 
a liberal dressing every year and a good 
supply for the corn ground in the 
Spring. We try to save all of it, both 
liquid and solid; use horse manure daily 
ia the gutters back of the cowts, and bed 
with shavings which are continually 
working hack, and are a good absorbent 
as well as helping to keep the cows 
comfortable and clean. The drops are 
tight boxes, so that none of the liquid 
escapes. Occasionally some one objects 
to having sawdust or shavings used in 
the manure for top-dressing, but we fail 
to see any bad results. There are no 
weed seeds in them, which is quite an 
advantage. The manure is all under 
cover until taken to the field. Just as 
soon as haying is over we plan to cover 
the fields as fast as work of the farm 
will allow, and try to have all the near¬ 
by fields covered before snow comes. It 
is then getting ready for business, and 
fields well manured in the Fall will 
stand more drought the following sea¬ 
son, as the manure acts as a moisture 
conservator as well as enriching the 
plant. We remember going into a sta¬ 
ble where the gutters hack of the cows 
had holes bored into them at frequent 
intervals to allow the liquid manure to 
escape. The man did not want the najsty 
stuff around, and that was the easiest 
way to get rid of it. We talked to him 
about its value, and persuaded him to 
plug up the holes and use absorbents. 
We find there are a good many farm¬ 
ers who practice feeding their skim- 
milk, especially in Winter, to the cows 
rather than to pigs. Few farmers raise 
enough calves to consume all of it, and 
some dislike to keep pigs or have any¬ 
thing to do with them. For such feed¬ 
ing the skim-milk back to the cows is 
an easy and profitable way of disposing 
of it. Most cows will take to it readily, 
especially if it is warmed or right from 
the separator; others will acquire the 
habit easily by baiting them with a mix¬ 
ture of water, milk and bran, and add¬ 
ing more milk each time. We have 
found that it increases the fiow of milk 
considerably, and the cows look in fine 
condition. It is an easily digested food, 
and contains really more food value than 
one would suppose who had never given 
it much thought. It contains about 
three per cent digestible protein, five 
per cent carbohydrates and four per 
cent fat. Bran only contains about 13 
per cent digestible protein, so that con¬ 
sidering the comparatively little value 
usually placed on skim-milk it is a very 
cheap source of part of the protein. We 
have fed as high as 40 pounds of the 
milk per day with excellent results, sup¬ 
plying about half the digestible protein 
required at a very Ipw cost from one of 
our own waste products rather than buy¬ 
ing it in mill stuffs. 
The mortality among cows from ac¬ 
cident and disease Is much greater than 
we often suspect. We have noted dur¬ 
ing the past year the comparatively 
large number of cows that have died 
from various causes; several from falls 
on the ice; from being gored by others; 
choked by apples, etc.; from teats being 
allowed to get in bad condition; from 
broken legs and from diseases of various 
kinds. Every few days we hear of some 
one who loses a cow, one here, one there, 
which in the course of a year counts up 
to quite a respectable sum. Dishorning 
will prevent the goring and make hand¬ 
ling of them a greater pleasure. When 
feeding now we don’t expect the grain 
basin to be knocked out of our hands, 
and can clean out the mangers without 
fear of injury. The cows drive much 
better in the herd, and in pasture the 
timid ones, quite often the best ones, 
are not continually on the run trying 
to dodge the horns of their more pug- 
naciouis associates. In the Winter, if 
one drives the cows out in the yard, 
look out for the slippery places. Have 
a load of sand, gravel or ashes handy 
where a pailful may be scattered in a few 
minutes, thus avoiding strains, abortion 
and even more serious accidents from a 
sudden fall It is the men who look out 
for the little things who avoid so many 
of the losses that are preventable. Un¬ 
avoidable accidents will happen, but 
there are many that are preventable. 
The cow stable is usually not over well 
provided with windows, and we never 
saw one that had too much light. Some 
rainy day this Fall will be a good time 
to give it a coat of whitewash. Sweep 
down all the cobwebs, then go for it 
with a liberal supply of whitewajsh. You 
will be surprised to see how much bet¬ 
ter everything looks, and how much 
sweeter it smells. Perhaps the women 
folks will not have to turn up their nose 
at the smell that escapes from your 
clothes when you enter the house. Put 
on the whitewash any way, spray pump, 
broom or the regulation bruish; it is a 
good disinfectant as well as making 
things look bright and thrifty. Never 
mind if the lime you have on hand is 
air-slaked; by using hot water or skim- 
milk a good whitewash can be made 
from it. 
Do not sprinkle lime In the stable or 
on the hen roosts, as It sets ammonia 
free. I.and plaster is what you want for 
this purpose. Sawduist or shavings will 
absorb it, but will not hold it like plas¬ 
ter. 
We like to see a broom in the barn, 
and to use it as well. A few minutes’ 
use of it daily keeps the barn better 
looking, so that if you happen to have 
visitors you d.on’t have to apologize. It 
prevents a good deal of waste in fodder 
and grain, and really helps one to be 
more thrifty. n. g. Manchester. 
CORN FOR FEEDING HENS. 
Which is the most valuable as a feed for 
poultry, sweet corn, denf or flint, and why? 
Which will have a tendency to cause hens 
to produce the most eggs? Why? 
Mlnong, Wls. K. w. L. 
There is not much difference. Henry 
gives the following average analyses: 
Digestible In 100 Pounds. 
Muscle Fat Pure 
makers, formers, fat. 
Dent com .7.9 66.7 4.3 
Flint corn .8. 66.2 4.3 
Sweet corn .8.8 63.7 7. 
While the flint and the dent are much 
alike, the sweet corn contains more 
protein and fat, which are the elements 
most needed in producing an egg. It 
would not pay to grow sweet corn for 
poultry feeding, as the yield of grain is 
light. The kernels are very hard, and 
we do n.ot find that poultry eat them as 
readily as they do the field corn. The 
general analysis of grain is not always 
a safe indication of its feeding value. 
Probably no grain varies so much in its 
composition. 
SOME POULTRY QUESTIONS. 
Is it good to feed raw horse meat to lay¬ 
ing hens in Winter, and what is the result 
from feedinp; same? Is two parts bran and 
one of Indian meal a good soft feed? 
West Ovange, N. J. • a. m. 
Yc, It is good for the hens to feed 
ra^, horse meat. It Is better, however, 
h cook it. Hens prefer cooked meat to 
raw meat. It also makes certain that 
the meat is safe so far as disease is con¬ 
cerned. Of course no poultryman would 
care to feed any kind of meat that was 
even suspected of being diseased, but 
germs of disease are commonly found 
in animals that appear to be perfectly 
healthy. Notwithstanding the unques¬ 
tioned value and economy of feeding 
house flesh when horses can be pur¬ 
chased at from ?3 to ?5, we do not use 
them—now, though we have done sr in 
years past. There seems to be some¬ 
thing uncanny about it. A whim per¬ 
haps, but nevertheless a fact. We gei 
a very high price for our eggs, and we 
could not afford to loise good customers 
on account of our feeding foo(^ that 
either right or wrong appears to be un¬ 
wholesome. Meat in some form is a ne¬ 
cessity in feeding for large egg produc¬ 
tion, therefore we feed the best grade 
of meat scraps. Bran and cornmeal are 
both good foods for poultry, but when 
fed alone the mixture is too crumbly. 
We prefer to add enough wheat mid¬ 
dlings to give the mixture more body. 
Ground oats (home ground) and meat 
iscraps make a good addition to the mix¬ 
ture; equal parts by weight of the feed 
mentioned make a splendid combination. 
Is linseed meal good for hens? How 
much per day? Will nitrate of soda solu¬ 
tion make cabbage grow? Will it help 
late cabbage? c. m. d. 
Boonton, N. J. 
A little oil meal is good for hens, par¬ 
ticularly during the moulting period. At 
first fowls do not like it. Only a little 
can be fed at a time because it makes 
the ration so sticky, and the hens will 
not eat it readily. Not over one-tenth 
to one-fifteenth by weight should be fed 
In connection with other meats in a soft 
feed mixture. Nitrate of soda will make 
cabbages grow until they split their 
heads. If the ground is rich only a lit¬ 
tle should be used. Sow it and culti¬ 
vate it in, or scatter along the ground 
near the plant. The first rain wil4 wash 
it in; 100 to 200 pounds per acre is usu¬ 
ally very effective and sufficient. The 
amount will depend upon condition of 
soil. A little at a time and often is a 
good rule in applying a fertilizer as 
soluble as nitrate of soda. 
WHITE & RICE. 
IS 
WINTER DAIRYING 
everywhere increasing in popular favor 
and with the help of a 
DE LAVAL 
CREAM SEPARATOR 
brings in cash when ordinary farming 
operations are at a stand-still. 
NOW IS THE TIME TO BUY 
a separator and get the benefit of the highest 
prices of the year for the cow’s product. 
THE DE LAVAL IS VERY MUCH THE 
BEST CREAM SEPARATOR 
in every respect, and saves $10.^ per cow 
each year of use. 
Send for free catalogue explaining De Laval superiority. 
The De Laval Separator Co. 
Randolph & Canal Sts.. 
CHICAGO. 
(213 Filbert Street, 
PHILADELPHIA. 
Q & I I Orumm St., 
SAN FRANCISCO. 
General Offices: 
74 CORTLANDT STREET, 
NEW YORK. 
121 Youville Square, 
MONTREAL. 
7S & 77 York Street, 
TORONTO. 
248 McOermot Avenue, 
WINNIPEG. » 
More Cow Money 
You can invest in nothins that will bring 
you larger cash returns than the 
EMPIRE 
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Ouiiranteod to turn more easily, to Inst longer, 
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(iiid to bo more satisfactory in every way than 
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Investigate our claims—ask any Kmpire user. 
Handsome Catalogue Free. 
EMPIRE cream separator COMPANY, 
Bloomlleld, N. J. Chicago, III. 
N O MOKE KLINI) HOR.SES.—For Specltio Oph¬ 
thalmia, Moon Blindness, and other Soro Byes. 
BAUllY CO., Iowa City, Iowa, have a sure cure. 
Big Profit 
in Cows 
is but a question of getting all the cream 
(butter fat) out of the milk. With the old 
setting system yourloss is over a 
80 per cent greater than with a I S a J| 
NATIONAL 
Hand Separator 
A valuable machine yon can 
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National Dairy Machine Co., Newark, N. J 
v“the standard by which roofing 
QUALITY IS JUDGED." 
fi^RUBEROID 
I I TRADE MARK REOlSTtRCD 
ROOFING 
THE PIONEER WEATHER-PROOF AND ELASTIC ROOFING. 
WEARING QUALITIES UNEQUALED BY ANY OTHER ROOFING. 
WATER-PROOF. ACID-PROOF. FIRE-RESISTING. 
WCmSTER 
■NEW RIVAL” BLACK POWDER SHELLS. 
It’s the thoroughly modern and scientific system of load¬ 
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Winchester Factory Loaded “New Rival” Shells give bet¬ 
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chester patent corrugated head used in making “New 
Rival” shells give them strength to withstand reloading. 
BE SURE TO GET WINCHESTER MAKE OF SHELLS. 
