36 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER. 
January 2o 
Van Deman’s Fruit Notes. 
ALL SORTS OF QUESTIONS ANSWERED. 
Peaches and Chestnuts for Massachusetts. 
1. What kinds of peaches would be best 
for our locality? We want good quality 
for the retail trade, and had thought of 
getting Triumph, Waddell, Carman, Con¬ 
necticut and Crosby. Would you advise 
them? 2. Will the Japan chestnuts grow 
here? There are no wild ones In this re¬ 
gion. c. m. s. 
So. Braintree, Mass. 
1. The list mentioned would be very 
good for Massachusetts. All but the first 
and last are quite new, and have not yet 
passed the experimental stage, but they 
are very promising. 
2. The Japan chestnuts will probably 
all be quite hardy enough for that re¬ 
gion. While they are not all of them 
as hardy as our native kinds, many of 
them are fully as hardy. The fact that 
the wild chestnut is not found there 
naturally is not a sure sign that it and 
the European and Asiatic chestnuts will 
not thrive there. I am inclined to feel 
confident that they will. All chestnuts 
prefer land that is light and porous. 
Shaly or sandy upland is the kind upon 
which the native growth is usually 
found, and rarely upon that of a lime¬ 
stone character. 
Apples, Prunes and Raspberries. 
1. I have a newly-plowed field which 
would be fairly productive with proper 
cultivation and fertilizer, the soil running 
from a clay loam to a slaty loam. The 
land is well elevated and drained, part of 
it sloping to the east. I thought to set 
some of it to apples and peaches. What 
varieties of Winter apples would you 
recommend? 2. Would you think it advis¬ 
able to set German or York State prunes to 
any extent in this section? 3. Blackcap rasp¬ 
berries blight with me badly, but I have 
been told that they do better on slaty soil. 
What do you think about it? e. i. s. 
Middletown, N. Y. 
1. It is probable that the location 
mentioned is very good for apples and 
fairly so for peaches. Among the best 
Winter apples for that section are Sut¬ 
ton, Esopus, Northern Spy and York 
Imperial. The latter has been but little 
tried as yet in New York, but I feel that 
it will prove a late keeper of high qual¬ 
ity there. Some of the best peaches are 
Mountain Rose, Elberta, Stump, Salway 
and Henrietta. 
2. It is likely that the York State, 
which is a variety of the German prune 
type, will succeed there. The curculio is 
one of the greatest troubles to contend 
with, and can only be overcome by jar¬ 
ring the trees. 
3 . I do not believe that slaty soil will 
prevent the blight from affecting the 
raspberry. It may have some slight ef¬ 
fect that way, by causing the growth to 
be less rampant than on stronger soil, 
but otherwise it could not be expected to 
prevent a disease which preys upon the 
growing tissues of the plant. 
Grafting Japan Plums and Cherries. 
1. In grafting the Japan plums, such as 
the Burbank and Wickson, should it be 
done early in Spring, before the sap starts, 
or as early as one would graft the cherry? 
I had some experience with the Botan, and 
know that the buds begin to swell very 
early. I also find that but a small ma¬ 
jority of the scions seem to grow. I find 
that the grafts which are cut from the 
hard twigs or water-sprouts seem to take 
and grow more readily than those cut from 
the ends of bearing trees. Why is this? 
Is the wood too soft or pithy? Should the 
scions be cut very early in Winter? 2. In 
grafting the sweet cherry, when should 
the scions be cut? How soon after the sap 
starts in the Spring and the buds begin to 
swell should the grafting be done? 3. In 
cleft-grafting on limbs of one to two inches 
in diameter would you advise to cut or 
shape the scion to fit close, bark to bark, 
all the length of the scion, or is it only 
necessary to have scion unite with the 
stock at the upper shoulder, or end of the 
stock? I find in cutting scions thick as 
a lead pencil, that they will only hit or 
unite the bark at the shoulder. Should the 
scions fit tight clear down? I find many 
cherry scions start to leaf out in the 
Spring and grow half an inch or more, and 
then die off. Why is this? b. g. 
Hart, Mich. 
1. Tbe Japan plums should be grafted 
early. All of tbe stone-fruit trees should 
be grafted before the buds on the scions 
swell. They are all quite hard to graft, 
and especially so if the scions have 
started to grow before being set. The 
softer the wood the more unlikely they 
are to grow. Only well-ripened wood 
should be selected, and it is well to cut 
it as soon after the leaves fall as possi¬ 
ble. Severe Winter weather is likely to 
weaken its vitality, and only very sound 
wood should ever be used for grafts. 
2 . I would cut sweet cherry scions 
early, and would do the grafting before 
the buds swell, or very soon after. If 
the scions are neld back, by keeping 
them in a very cool place, the grafting 
may be deferred longer than if it is not 
done. 
3. In trimming the wedge on a scion 
for cleft or split-grafting, the slope 
should be very long, so that the longest 
possible contact with the stock is se¬ 
cured. Many grafters do not give suffi¬ 
cient attention to this point. The rea¬ 
son so many cherry and other grafts 
fail to grow is from this very cause. 
They may be so well waxed in that they 
do not dry out for several weeks, the 
stock furnishing them some moisture 
also, and yet no vital connection is 
made; because their cambium layers 
scarcely touch. Their buds may swell 
and even uevelop into leaf, and then die 
from lack of union with the stock. 
Fruits and Nuts in Northwestern Arkansas. 
1. What varieties of apples should one 
plant in northwestern Arkansas for com¬ 
mercial orchard of 5,000 trees, and at what 
age should they commence to bear fruit in 
paying quantities? 2. What varieties of 
peaches and pears for family use and mar¬ 
ket, and time of ripening of each variety. 
3. Will persimmons, quinces, chestnuts and 
pecans grow there, with any certainty? 4. 
How long should these trees be cultivated 
before seeding the orchards? 5. Would it 
do to sow cow peas in a six-year-old or¬ 
chard, and take one cutting for hay, leav¬ 
ing remainder on ground for Winter cov¬ 
ering, to be plowed under in the following 
Spring? What time should the cow peas 
be sown? w. S. w. 
Dresbach, Minn. 
1. Perhaps there is no apple that has 
been grown in the Ozark region that has 
' uite equaled Ben Davis for profit. It is 
to-day the great business apple of that 
section, and of a large part of the entire 
United States as well, ifork Imperial, 
Ingram and Gano are also good varie¬ 
ties. They will all begin to bear at 
about five years from setting, and at 
eight years * ill probably make profit¬ 
able returns. 
2. Among the very best peaches to 
plant in that country are Family Favor¬ 
ite, Elberta, Stump Salway, Piquet and 
Bonanza. The Kieffer pear is the most 
profitable variety, although not the best 
in quality. Almost any of the good 
pears succeed there, but few of them are 
so profitable as Bartl tt, Seckel and 
Sheldon. 
3. Wild persimmons are very plentiful 
all over the Ozark region, and pecan 
trees are found in the rich creek and 
river bottoms throughout most of the 
whole section of country from Missouri 
to the Gulf of Mexico. Chestnut trees 
are not native there, but the Chinqua¬ 
pin, which is a close relative, is found 
in some parts of the mountainous sec¬ 
tions. The quince does fairly well, but 
is not so well suited to that climate as to 
one that is cooler. 
4 . I do not believe in seeding down an 
orchard to grass at any age. Clover may 
be sown after the fifth year from setting 
the trees, and allowed to remain for 
about two years, and then plowed under. 
5. Cow peas are well suited to being 
sown broadcast or drilled in an orchard. 
It is best to let the crop rot on the 
ground, and finally be worked into it, 
except what hogs will eat as it stands. 
Cutting and making hay of the crop is 
robbing the soil to the injury of the 
trees.__ 
Connecticut Hay Crop. —The hay crop 
of Connecticut last year was very large, 
and prices were very low, so low that the 
amount brought in from outside was 
small so that the home product was most¬ 
ly consumed. At the present time hay is 
scarce and high, on account of a very 
light crop and poor feeding qualities 
caused by continued dry weather, leaving 
the grass without its usual amount of 
juice, partly dead. I think the shortage, 
for the above reasons, will be larger than 
has been in years. J. e. bishop. 
For the land’s sake —use Bowker’s 
Fertilizer.— Adv. 
Pedigree Strawberries 
Recommended to all strawberry growers by Rural 
Nkw-Yorker March 11, ’99, and praised by It July 17, 
’97. and July i6, ’98. Weoffer JOE, CARRIE SILVERS, 
STELLA and RBBA in pot^grown plants at 25e each, 
12 per doz.. $5 per 100; and ROBBIE and NETTIE, the 
best late strawberries yet Introduced, at 25c. each, $2 
per doz., S6 per 100. Plants to be all pot-grown and to 
be delivered after July 1st. Orderqulck; stock limited 
JOS. H. BLACK, SON & CO., Hightstown, N. J‘ 
REID’S 
Fruit Trees, Small Fruits, Roses. 
Ornamental Trees and Plants 
true to name. Low prices. No. 1 
stock. Illustrated catalogue free. - - - 
REID'S NURSERIES, 
Box 1, Upland, Ohio. 
ow prices, no. l 
FRUITS 
EARLIEST PEACH 
The earliest peach grown to-day is the 
1/IPTAD Matures in this local- 
Tlvl VKi ity about June 10. A 
vigorous and hardy grower. Semi-cling, 
eub-acid, fine flavor. White with red blush. 
Fruit is of good size, solid fleshed, a good 
shipper. Sixty varieties 1,000,000 Trees. 
Strawberries, Plum and Apple 
Trees A»parngi»», etc. Write us at once for illustrated 
Catalogue—FR-EE. 
IIAKRISON’S NUK8ERIE8, Box 29, Berlin, Md. 
E OFFER! 
m 
I ■■ 60,000 Apple Trees 
I ■ ■ In 60 choice varieties f 
180,000 Start'd Pear Trees 
j50,000 Plum Trees and 
175,000 Dwarf Pear Treesl 
I in extra large, medium and small sizes, at a I 
I great bargain. Our leading specialty is * 
RED CROSS CURRANT 
Buy direct and save half your money. We 
sell everything for the orchard, garden and 
{•ark. Send to-day for onr New Fruit and 
1 Ornamental Catalogue FREE. 
Green’s Nursery Co., Rochester,N.Y. j 
linn 
miimiiiinvuimriimmiiiiniiifTHinilfTiimilllinivifTlfn 
MAULES Seeds 
Lead all, aa thousands of successful garden¬ 
ers in all sectlousof the country can attest. 
If you want the finest garden you have ev¬ 
er had, you must plant Maule’s Seeds. 
Our Beautiful New 
Catalogue Free 
to all who apply for It. It contains every¬ 
thing good, old or new. In vegetable, flower, 
and farm seeds, summer flowering bulbs, 
etc., etc. It has hundreds of Illustrations, 
four colored plates, practical up-to-date cul¬ 
tural directions, and offers 82,500 in cash 
prizes. Write for it to-day. Address 
WM. HENRY MAULE, Philadelphia. 
MuiiiiiiuiuuiliuiiuitmiiiiiiiniiiiniiiiiiimMiiiniiiiimniim, 
iff Jlittle Seed 
in a (garden 
Qrew 
and it grew. That's the way all 
Johnson & Stokes 
SEEDS 
do—they grow,—and grow. Failures aro 
eliminated before the seed is sold. All 
tested at onr Floracroft Trial Grounds. 
Our 1900 Garden and Farm man¬ 
ual gives helpful hints on seed selection. 
It does more—it shows exactly how the 
vegetables and flowers look when photo¬ 
graphed. Send for it to-day. Free to all 
seed buyers, whether you sow by the yard 
or by the acre. 
JOHNSON & STOKES, 217 & 219 Market St. 
Philadelphia, Pa. 
Published by 
There are two 
Seed Catalogues 
W. Atlee Burpee & Co. 
Philadelphia 
One is the “Blue List,” giving whole¬ 
sale prices in bulk, which is mailed only 
to Market Gardeners and Florists. The 
other is Burpee’s Farm Annual for 
1900, which is mailed to the address of 
any private planter who desires to get for 
his own garden the Best Seeds that Grow, 
at moderate prices. It describes Unique 
Novelties, and gives much useful informa¬ 
tion which can not be obtained in any 
other free publication. If interested, send 
your address on a postal card to=day. 
WANTED 
Every person who Intends setting a 
Strawberry plant during the year 
1900 to 
Send name and ad¬ 
dress for my new Straw¬ 
berry catalogue, 
which is now ready. It is full of good 
things in the Strawberry line and 
My Prices Are Right. 
No agents. I deal directly with 
growers. 
W. F. ALLEN, 
Box 44 Salisbury, Md. 
Always cheaper 
in the end than any seeds 
that only cost half as much. 
Tested, true to name, fresh and 
reliable. Always the best. Ask 
k for Ferry’s — take no others. 
Write for 1900 Seed Annual. 
D. M. FERRY A CO., 
Detroit, Mleh. 
Seeds! Seeds! 
76th Annual Priced Catalogue of 
Vegetable, Farm and Flower Seeds 
is now readv and mailed free to all applicants. 
BRIDGEMAN’S SEED WAREHOUSE, 
37 East 19th Street, Neiv York City. 
Michigan Northern-Grown Onion Seed. 
I sold66.000 lbs. of this seed in 1899. My 
customers report yields of 450 to 1,265 
bushels of onions per acre from this 
seed. Some of them intimate that thia 
seed Ih worth $5 to $10 peril*, more 
than the California grown seed sold by 
anybody. I guarantee till* seed to be 
new and freshly grown. We have seed 
of all the leading and standard varie¬ 
ties. We make special prices on large 
lots. Onion sets of all varieties. Buy 
direct from the grower. Catalogue— 
extended and illustrated— free, 
harry N. Hammond, Seedsman, 
box 42, FI FIELD, MICH. 
»V » 
liip nri I direct to planters reliable Trees at 
y*r Aril honest prices. Good standard tested 
** *“ varieties. Catalog and price-list free 
The Geo. A.Sweet Nursery Co., B. 1605, Dansville, N.Y 
Grape Vines 
Descriptive and Pries List free. 
Carranti, Gooseberries and other Small 
Fruit Plants. Extra quality. Warranted true. 
T. 8. HUBBARD CO., FREDONIA, N. Y. 
—GRAPEVINES 
100 Varieties. Also Small Fruit*, Trees, Ac. Best root¬ 
ed stock.Genuine, cheap. 8 sample vines mailed for 10 r. 
Descrinti .'e price-list free. LKIVIs KOK8CH, Frvdonia, .VI. 
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Our Fruit Trees Grow 
We have thousands of all the best varie¬ 
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it to-day. We can save you money. 
Address 
Highland Nursery Co., Rochester, N. Y. 
FRUIT™> PROFIT 
My new catalogue is free. 
Last year it was conceded to be 
the most valuable issued. Let 
me send it to you. All fruits 
warranted true to name. They 
command the market. 
Echo Strawberry. 
Loudon and 
Columbian Kaepberry. 
Erie and Rathbun 
Blackberry. 
Pearl Gooseberry. 
Pomona and 
Red Cross Currants. 
ALLEN L. WOOD, Wholesale Grower, Rochester, N. Y. 
for profitable results are named in our 1900 
Catalogue. This book names all the trees and 
plants that will succeed in a northern climate; 
gives accurate descriptions of varieties and 
instructions about planting. Catalogue mailed FREE at your request. Write to us for any 
further information you need about fruits. Sixteenth Year. 
T. J. DWYER & SON, Box I (Orange Co. Nurseries), Cornwall, N.Y. 
The Fruits to Plant 
your t Chestnut Trees 
A few grafts put in your seedling chestnut tree will make It pay big. I name price and kinds in catalogue 
.Free. Full line nursery stock- ARTHUR j, COLLINS, Moorestown, Burlington Co#, N# J. 
The largest crops of the finest fruit with the least labor is the result of following the methods 
pointed out in R. M. Kellogg’s new booklet— 
GREAT CROPS OP SMALL, FRUIT 
AX I* HOW TO GROW THEM. 
It describes plant life, soil requirements, proper tillage and management of the markets all in plain 
English. Get it free by sending your address to R. M. KELLOGG, Tliree Rivers, ITIicIi. 
t /VWWVWWWWWWWW^VAA^AWWWW\ are grown on honor, sold on merit, planted with 
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’“''“■THE ROGERS NURSERIES, 
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Rogers’ trees 
O 6k SI Grand lot of trees, free from borers, aphis, scale, yellows, 
r*_ AA 1. m Pa etc. Large 6tock of Pear, Plum,Cherry, Apple, Quince. 
etc. Immense supply of small fruits. Headquarters for 
Ornamental Trees, Shrubs, Plants, Bulbs, Seeds. 
40 acres hardy Roses, 44 greenhouses of Palms, Ferns, Ficus, Roses* 
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Elegant catalogue free. 46th Year. lOOO Acres. 
THE STORRS & HARRISON CO., Box 790, Painesvllle, O. 
