62 
THE RURAL^NEW-YORKER 
January 27 
MILK SITUATION AT BALTIMORE. 
Farmers Fighting. —For some time 
the newspapers have had rumors of a 
milk war in Baltimore, Md. While there 
recently, I investigated, and found the 
facts to be about as follows: Not far 
from 25,000 gallons of milk are con¬ 
sumed per day in the city. The supply 
comes from northern and western Mary¬ 
land and southern Pennsylvania, and 
the producers have suffered from dis¬ 
honest dealers and low prices in about 
the same way as those who ship to New 
York, Boston, and other large cities. 
The price paid has been nominally 12 
cents per gallon, hut the shippers had to 
pay from one to two cents per gallon 
freight, and in addition to this they have 
been liberally docked by dealers, who 
claimed that the milk was sour when re¬ 
ceived, or inferior in some way, so that 
they refused to pay for it. Doubtless 
these charges were just in some cases, 
but often they were simply excuses to 
help out dealers who had more than they 
could use, and the producer, having no 
one on the ground to act for him, could 
not deny them. One man estimated that 
the shippers had lost $1,000,000 in the 
last 20 years in this way alone. Such 
abuses at length become unbearable, and 
then there is an opportunity for one or 
more new concerns to step in and at¬ 
tempt a reformation, which may prove a 
boon or a bane to the producers, accord¬ 
ing to the wisdom and honesty, or lack 
of these qualities, of those behind it. 
Two Companies are now working to 
get the business out of the hands of the 
Milk Dealers’ Protective Association, 
which has been controlling it. One is 
known as the trust, organized and man¬ 
ned by capitalists, and the other is a 
company formed by the farmers them¬ 
selves. The managers of the trust make 
some very good promises. They say 
that they will buy the milk from the 
farmers and use them fairly, and also 
that they will not try to undersell the 
small dealers, or raise the price above 
eight cents per quart to the consumer. 
The quality of milk sold has varied 
greatly, some running as low as two per 
cent butter fat, which has been selling 
at five cents per quart. The trust does 
not propose to interfere with UiJ small 
dealers in any way, except to see that 
the laws against adulteration are en¬ 
forced. It is claimed that pure milk 
cannot be sold in that city for five cents. 
The producers, however, do not take 
much stock in all these promises. They 
think that they see the way to get con¬ 
trol of the business themselves, and 
they put no trust in milk trusts. Their 
new company is called the United Milk 
Producers’ Association, and will have 
commenced business uy the time this 
paper is printed. 
WnAT They Say. —The president of 
this concern, which is capitalized with 
$250,000, is Wm. B. Crowther; treas¬ 
urer, Jos. T. Hoopes, and secretary, Jas. 
B. Councilman. The secretary made the 
following statement: “The majority of 
the milk producers who supply Balti¬ 
more have been oppressed for so many 
years, and robbed of their money by the 
dealers, that it seemed time to put a 
stop to it, and the dealers becoming 
more arrogant every year, the shippers 
were finally driven into this combine. 
Of the 22,000 to 25,000 gallons of milk 
consumed per day, we think we can con¬ 
trol 17,000 to 18,000 gallons in the near 
future, and hope finally to handle the 
whole product. No one is allowed to 
become a stockholder unless he is at the 
time a producer and shipper of milk. 
We commence business January 15, at 
which time all of the milk that we have 
contracts for will be shipped to us at the 
different stations throughout the city. 
Those dealers who are reputable, and 
pay their debts, and desire to deal with 
us, will meet with our hearty support, 
but we intend to deal with the others in 
a vigorous manner, and see that the pure 
milk laws are lived up to. We recognize 
that in large cities the surplus milk in 
Summer drags prices down, and enables 
dealers to hold a club over the heads of 
shippers. We have contracted for, and 
are now erecting, a complete creamery, 
which will be managed on the latest 
scientific and sanitary methods. All this 
surplus milk we intend to work up into 
butter and other by-products, for which 
we can obtain sale, and we hope to find 
a market right in this city, where tons 
of Elgin butter are now consumed. In 
competing with this Elgin butter we 
have the advantage of not having to pay 
freight from a distant point, and we 
think that consumers in this city will 
be glad to support home industry.” 
There is no doubt that the farmers 
are wise in taking hold of this matter 
themselves, and there is doubt whether 
they can get justice in any other way. 
They certainly have as good a right to a 
liberal share of the profits as outsiders. 
Two strong points in this case are that 
the majority of those who have been 
supplying the city are with the new 
concern, and none but milk producers 
are allowed to hold stock. It is claimed 
that a large number of the better class 
in the Milk Dealers’ Association will buy 
from them, and the company will run its 
own distributing wagons in sections not 
covered by friendly dealers. w. w. h. 
RAISING CALVES WITHOUT MILK. 
I do not think it possible to produce a 
perfect substitute for milk as it is drawn 
from the mother. It even deteriorates 
by losing the animal heat—a condition 
reheating fails to supply. Considered 
scientifically, we should supply the con¬ 
stituent elements of milk in the substi¬ 
tute. Considered practically, we must 
do it to produce results. The propor¬ 
tions may not be the same—“balanced,” 
as it has been termed—but the calf must 
have enough of each to develop bone 
and muscle suited to its age. The young 
calf should draw from the mother until 
the milk is “good.” Then other milk 
may be substituted, being careful not to 
overfeed. My plan has been to supply 
a reasonable quantity up to 14 days, and 
then to add water and wheat middlings, 
in small and gradually increasing quan¬ 
tities, until the milk entirely disappears 
from the ration at the end of the fourth 
week. At this time the calf should be 
getting about five quarts of warm water 
with just enough middlings to make a 
gruel of a consistency to be readily 
drawn through a Small’s calf-feeder— 
that is, through an artificial teat. 
The calf will also be ready for a little 
fine June-cut hay, that should always 
be within reach. The quantity of water 
and middlings will be gradually in¬ 
creased, preserving the same consisten¬ 
cy, as the growing animal demands it. 
As the gruel comes to supply the place 
of milk, in large part, or entirely, a 
pinch of salt should be added. I have 
found brown middlings best. Wheat 
flour has no value as a calf food. As 
the calf grows older and eats more of 
the hay, I should suggest feeding a small 
quantity of ground oats and bran dry, 
with just enough middlings in the drink 
to make it deceptive and palatable. At 
this stage I have found turnips of ad¬ 
vantage in Winter feeding—two quarts 
of sliced roots in the feeding tub, over 
which the ground feed is sprinkled. 
The object is to produce a continuous 
growth, hence the warning against over¬ 
feeding at the start, when only milk is 
used. A calf reared upon milk will grow 
faster than when fed on any substitute, 
yet the latter will rapidly overhaul the 
former when both have equal advantage 
in Spring and Summer; and any differ¬ 
ence between them can be overcome by 
extra and judicious feeding as yearlings. 
You will perceive that I am supposing 
a small quantity of milk may be spared 
to the calf, for a brief time, at least. 
And it answers the question “when the 
milk supply is short”—to the calf. I 
have not attempted to raise calves with¬ 
out milk. It would seem that some 
small portion, at least, should be fed 
during a “tapering-off” process. To 
those who wish to experiment, I would 
suggest two quarts of wheat bran, one 
quart of ground oats, and a tablespoon¬ 
ful of oil meal, mixed and boiled for 
half an hour in 10 quarts of water. 
Strain and press out the liquor, to which 
add one-half a can of condensed milk, 
stirring until dissolved. This is one 
day’s ration, to be given blood warm in 
two feedings. The quantity may be 
varied according to the needs of the 
calf. By a series of gradual substitu¬ 
tions, the calf (if alive) may, at the end 
of four weeks, reach the kind of feeding 
suggested for that age. g. w. h. 
Brewster, N. Y. 
DAIRY FAR FROM MARKET. 
Can a dairy be run successfully, being five 
miles from town, going in once a day? 
Wilson, Ky. h. w. h. 
This depends entirely on the circum¬ 
stances concerned in the case. At least 
$1 a day will be needed to pay for the 
time consumed in extra travel over what 
would be necessary were the farm only 
one mile from town. This $1 must come 
from the day’s receipts, and must be 
made up by selling more milk. Thus 
the question is: Can the milk be pro¬ 
duced cheaply enough and in sufficient 
quantity to meet the increased cost of 
carriage? And is the selling price high 
enough for profit, and the demanu equal 
to supply offered? These are questions 
which can be answered best by the in¬ 
quirer, who doubtless knows all the con¬ 
ditions. It may be an encouragement to 
know that one of the most successful 
dairymen selling milk in the city of 
Ithaca, N. Y., has hi- farm four miles 
from the city center. He is a careful feed¬ 
er, soils his cattle during the Summer, 
and does everything to keep up the flow 
of milk, besides paying strict attention 
to neatness and dispatch at the market 
end. The cost of producing milk should 
not be over 1% cent per quart for food 
consumed. _ l. a. 
Jayne’s Expectorant cnred me of a cough of a very 
severe nature, after all the doctors had failed.— 
THOMAS McGUIKE, Weilstown, Ohio, October 29. 
1895. 
For constipation take Jayne’s Painless 8anatlve 
Pills— Adv. 
Killed=Dead. | 
You know that the horse 
buyer knocks off *50 or more i 
for every lump or blemish^ 
on a horse. Get full value 6 
for your horse—don’t have 5 
any lumps. Cure him with j 
Tuttle’s 
| It is guaranteed under , fa • 
a forfeit of *100. to cure 1—1 ] | ■y | *• 
any case of horse all, 11A1 1 • 
colic, curbs, splints, 
contracted cord, callouses, thrush, etc. 
[ Tuttle’s Family Elixir cures rheuma-f 
tism, bruises, sprains, etc. Sample of either • 
I Elixir for 6c. in stamps to pay the postage. jj 
I Used and endorsed by Adams Express Company, i 
For Sale at all Druggists. 1 
I Dr. S. A. TUTTLE, 30 Beverly St.. Boston, Mass- 
COLCOCK & MORDEN, 
Leading Live-Stock Auctioneers, 
Niagara Falls, Ont. Sales handled any part of 
Canada or United States. Terms moderate. You 
will make money by employing them. 
A QUICK, SHARP CUT 
hurts much less than a bruise, crush or tear 
PEH0RNIN6 .BgA 
A. C. 
i the safest. Quick, sharp cut. Cuts from four 
sides atouce. Caunot erush bruise or tear. 
Most humane method of dehorning known. 
^Took highest award World's Fair, Write 
for free circular* before buying. 
BROSIUS. COCHRANVIl-LE, PENN. 
Breeders’ Directory. 
Whit* wtandotti Cockerels.—N one better 
Write wants. Ralph Woodward, New Rochelle, N. Y 
White Wyandottes Exclusively.— 
Write wants. Spencer’s Poultry Farm, Phenlx, R. I. 
rnn C1I C —Tw0 Gordon Setter Pups. 8ire 
lUH vNLC and dam great bird dogs. 
M. SAGER, Orangeville, Pa. 
AAI I IF Hrtf5©— Imported and Homebred. 
UULLIC UUUO Also choice Shropshire 
Ewes. J. C. DUNCAN, Lewiston, N. Y. 
WHITE HOLLAND TURKEYS. 
Fine Large Birds. Toms, *3; *4.50 a pair; |6 a trio 
GUY C. TENNY, Davison. Mich. 
R p n I C Pun Dll Cockerels or Hens. *1 
I Ui Di Lcununn each; W. Rocks, 11.25; 
Rouen Ducks, *1. Slate Turkeys. Cheshire Pigs. 
S. A. LITTLE, Malcolm, Box A, Seneca Co., N. T. 
Choice Brown and White Leghorn 
young hens for sale at 11.50 each in lots of 25 or 
more. Bred from our prise-winners in four States. 
DKLLHUKST FARMS, Mentor, Ohio. 
One of the greatest Jersey Bulls was Pedro 3187. 
He had 45 tested daughters—one sold for $850 last 
May. Grandsons and granddaughters for sale, six 
months old. Chester White Pigs. also. 
W. F. McSPABKAN, Furnlss. Lan. Co., Pa 
Some GOOD young 
JERSEY BULL CALVES 
FOR SALK at fair prices. No PLUGS nor nn 
registered for sale at any price. 
R. F. SHANNON, 907 Liberty St., Pittsburg, Pa. 
Pup © a | a —T wo Registered Jersey Bull Calves, 
lUl OClIC two months old; most fashionable 
breeding. Bargains. Will prepay express charges. 
Stock leaving farm will be as represented. 
WHITE OAK RIDGE STOCK FARM, 
East Orange, N. J 
circular, 
\Reg. Poland Ch/nas,Berk- 
tshires Si Chester Whites. Choloe 
j Pigs, 8 weeks old, mated not 
’akin. Bred sows and service 
Boars cheap. Poultry. Write 
for hard times prices and free 
Hamilton St Co., Rosenvlck, Chester Co., Pa 
IMPROVED OHESTER WHITES 
of the best Dreeding and all ages for sale at reason¬ 
able prices. Pamphlet and prices free. Light Brahma 
cockerels $1 apiece. C. K. RECORD, Peterboro, N.Y 
nTTR fTNTftMFlK say they never before r®- 
V/Ulv Vj U 01 UiULllO celved as fine stock at such 
low prices as we are making to close our herd out. 
Write. F. H. GATES St SONS, Chlttenango, N. Y 
Meat smoked in a few hours with 
hRAUSERS’ LIQUID EXTRACT OF SMOKE. 
Made from hiokory wood. Cheaper, cleaner, 
sweeter, aDd surer than the old way. Send for 
Circular. Jbl. KRALSEB A liUO., Milton, Pit. 
- .Before Buying a New 
Harness 
Send 5 cts. in ."tamps to pay pontage on descriptive caf« 
alogue 100 Myles of single and double onk-tanneit 
Leather Harness* to select from. Sold direct to tho 
consumer at wholesale price. We can oave you money: 
KING HARNESS COMPANY. Mfrs. 
2iz Church St., Owego, N. Y. 
By Leaps and Bounds 
The Never-Failing and 
Marvelously Effective 
Veterinary 
Pixine 
has risen to the top. Is to-day the most favorite 
remedy for the curing of all skin disease, and 
sores on horses and domestic animals. There is 
no waste material in Veterinary Pixine. Every 
ingredient is a powerful factor. Combined they 
form an almost Infallible cure—an ointment that 
can be used on the most delicate sore or most 
aggravated skin disease with wonderful effect. 
It cures while horse works. It stimulates a new 
growth of hair. You chance nothing by trying. 
It is guaranteed—or money refunded. 
■puTrir j 2-oz. box, - 25c. 1 At Druggists or 
( V*-lb. box, - 50c. ) mailed postpaid. 
TROY CHEMICAL CO., 
TROY, N.Y. 
