68 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER. 
February 10 
; Ruralisms 
Norway Spruce.—How is Norway spruce 
started from the seed? When and how is 
the seed gathered, how cared for, and 
when planted? How long does it take the 
seed to come up, and how should the little 
seedlings be cared for? J. v. m. 
East Amherst, N. Y. 
The Norway spruce is quite easily 
grown from seeds. The cones may be 
gathered after ripening in Fall or early 
Winter, and epreau thinly in a dry place 
until the seeds can be easily shaken out. 
The seeds are best kept in perfectly dry 
sand until Spring. They should be sown 
quite thickly in beds of light, well-pre¬ 
pared soil, as soon as the ground can 
safely be worked. Cover thinly, not 
over the thickness of the seeds, and firm 
the earth with a board. Water when 
needed with a fine sprinkler. Keep the 
soil moist, but do not let it become 
soggy. Good seeds of Norway spruce 
should begin to come up within three 
weeks, and will continue for some time. 
Some kind of shade, either by brush or 
lath screens, should be furnished early 
to protect the little seedlings from the 
hot sun and drying winds. Keep the 
ground loose and free from all weeds 
for a season or two, after which they 
may be transplanted to nursery rows, 
setting them about two by three feet 
apart. 
Mildew on Roses. —A subscriber in 
Virginia asks the following question: 
“I have a Crimson Rambler growing out 
of doors much troubled by mildew. 
Can you suggest a remedy?” 
The one defect of the Crimson Ram¬ 
bler rose, observed up to this time, is 
that the foliage mildews quite readily 
when planted in a shady or confined sit¬ 
uation. When a choice can be had, it 
Should be placed where it is exposed to 
the morning sun, so that the leaves dry 
off quickly after sunrise. As a pre¬ 
ventive, and partial cure of mildew, dust 
the foliage while moist wiui uew, with 
precipitated sulphur, two or three times 
a week, as long as mildew can be per¬ 
ceived. Leggett’s Fungiroid has proved 
very effectual on our Trial Grounds for 
mildew on various plants. We mix it 
with an equal amount of flour, and ap¬ 
ply it with a powder gun when the foli¬ 
age is damp. 
Paeonies. —We have received from C. 
A. Harrison, York, Neb., a little pam¬ 
phlet on the pseony. After a consider¬ 
able period of popular neglect this 
splendid hardy plant is coming promi¬ 
nently to the front again, both in the 
catalogues and as a cut bloom, where 
Spring horticultural exhibitions are 
held. Amateurs and specialists have 
been quietly at work, however, and the 
number of named varieties now in com¬ 
merce is very great, some European 
growers describing over 1,000 kinds in 
their catalogues. Most of these varie¬ 
ties have been imported from time to 
time, and many are found to resemble 
each other very closely when flowered 
here. It is sometimes difficult to pick 
out a dozen really distinct flowers 
among 100 of these labeled varieties, al¬ 
though some are superb in form, size 
and coloring. Our fanciers will soon 
sift out all that are worth growing un¬ 
der our climatic conditions. Paeonies 
are easy to grow, being extremely hardy 
and of accommodating habit, but they 
should be given the deepest and richest 
soil procurable, and have annual uress- 
ings of old barnyard fertilizer. When 
well established under this treatment 
the newer paeonies make surprisingly 
handsome specimens. Mr. Harrison’s 
paper gives about all the available in¬ 
formation concerning these most desira¬ 
ble plants that can be found in the Eng¬ 
lish language. 
THE DATOTA FIG. 
I have a fig labeled Datota, sent me by 
Mr. Van Deman from Washington, D. C., 
nine years ago, that he had imported from 
the vicinity of Smyrna in Turkey, together 
with six other kinds that he sent at the 
same time. The Datota is the only variety 
of which the fruit would mature; all the 
other kinds having dropped their fruit be¬ 
fore ripening. I am propagating it, and 
consider it quite an acquisition. It is a 
sure bearer, even should the trees freeze 
to the ground, for the sprouts will bear 
the first year; although most of them will 
not ripen owing to their lateness in setting. 
Why do not the other kinds mature their 
fruit when they have a long season in 
which to do it? J. l. n. 
Marksville, La. 
It is pleasing to know that one fig of 
the lot from Turkey has proved a valu¬ 
able addition to our list of fruits. It is 
rather a difficult problem regarding the 
failure of many varieties of our figs to 
mature their fruit, while others, under 
the same circumstances, ripen theirs per¬ 
fectly. But it is true that almost all of 
them are entirely without perfect seeds. 
This is owing to a lack of pollen, the 
male flowers being wanting inside the 
fruit, where all figs bear their flowers, 
fastened to the inner walls. Scientific 
research has revealed the fact that the 
cultivated figs are nearly all abnormal 
in their floral organs, and are dependent 
upon insects carrying pollen from wild 
or natural varieties to them. This they 
do by living during a part of their lives 
in the wild, pollen-bearing kinds, and 
emerging from them just wnen the 
pollen is ripe and crawling into those 
having no pollen, with their bodies cov¬ 
ered with it. Where the choicest figs in 
the world are grown, which is in the 
Province of Aden, in Turkey, the wild 
figs with these minute insects in them 
are strung on threads and hung in the 
fruit-bearing trees at the proper time. 
Sometimes branches are cut off the wild 
trees and lodged in the bearing trees. 
In either case it is done to facilitate the 
pollination, by making the distance 
short for the insects to carry the pollen. 
It is certain that these deductions are 
fully substantiated by facts carefully 
observed by experts in Europe, and very 
recently in California, where the fig in¬ 
sects (Blastopbaga) have been intro¬ 
duced from Turkey within the last year. 
This year a few figs were grown that 
had perfect seeds, and the fleshy parts 
were also enlarged. We know that very 
few seedless fruits attain their normal 
size and best flavor. This thought is 
now exercising the mind of the horti¬ 
cultural public as never before. Recent 
discoveries show a lack of normal de¬ 
velopment of the Bartlett pears, except 
when pollinized by other varieties, that 
causes it to have perfect seeds, and a 
more rounded shape of the whole fruit. 
The same is true, we are coming to 
know, of other of our common fruits. 
The Japan persimmons vary greatly one 
year with another on the same trees as 
to seediness and attendant color and 
flavor of the flesh. It is my belief that, 
when the fig growers come to learn that 
they need varieties to furnish pollen for 
all the edible varieties and insects to 
carry it, and when they have found both, 
if they ever do, then will the trees hold 
their fruit and bring it to such perfec¬ 
tion of size and flavor as is not now even 
thought possible. n. e. van deman. 
Trees 
Fruit Trees, Small Fruits, 
including grapes. Ornamen¬ 
tal Trees, Evergreens and 
Shrubs for public and pri¬ 
vate grounds. Shade Trees 
for streets. Hardy Roses, 
Hardy Plants,Climbers, etc. 
Our new catalogue, carefully re¬ 
vised, beautilully illustrated with 
half-tone engravings, with cover of 
exquisite design, contains accurate 
and trustworthy descriptions of the 
most valuable varieties in cultiva¬ 
tion, and is replete with practical 
hints indispensable to planters. Al¬ 
though prepared at great expense, 
it will be sent free to our regular cus¬ 
tomers ; to others, on receiptof lOcts. 
ELLWANGEB& BARRY 
Mt. Hope Nurseries, ROCHESTER, N,Y. 
Established CO Years. 
SUGAR PRUNE 
CLIMAX PLUM 
THE TWO GREAT 
RECORD BREAKERS. 
KINGS for Earliness, Size. Quality, Beauty and 
Productiveness. Never before equaled. 
Thousands of acres are being grafted over to 
these new fruits. Other grand New Creations in 
Fruits. Price-List Free. 
Burbank’s Experiment Farm, 
SANTA BOS A, CAL. 
ROCKY MT. EVERGREENS-^Bri^a^d 
CEMETERY. Four Blue Spruce, 15 Inches, for $1.50; 
four 20-inch for $2.50; ten two-year old, for 26 cents In 
postage. 100 two-year old for $2, all delivered EX- 
PltESS PBEPAII). Catalogue of HARDY NURSERY 
STOCK, with colored and photo-plates FREE. Our 
stock all upon HARDY ROOTS; none injured by 
Winter of '98 and ’99. GARDNER & SON, Osage 
Nurseries, 117 Seventh Street. Osage, la. 
w 
I ■■ 60,000 Apple Trees! 
I ■ ■ In 60 choice varieties f 
80,000 Stan’d Pear Trees 
50,000 Plum Trees and 
75,000 Dwarf Pear Trees! 
J in extra large, medium and small sizes, at a I 
I great bargain. Our leading specialty is 
RED CROSS CURRANT 
I Buy direct and nave half your money. We | 
I sell everything for the orchard, garden and | 
I park. Send to-day for onr New Fruit and | 
I Ornamental Catalogue FREE. 
Green’s Nursery Co., Rochester,N.Y. 
REID’S 
Fruit Trees, Small Fruits, Roses, 
Ornamental Trees and Plants 
true to name. Low prices._ No. 1 
stock. Illustrated catalogue free. 
REID’S NURSERIES, 
Box 1, Upland, Ohio. 
UYV prices. A.NV7. I 
FRUITS 
\\/TIAT WILL THE 
Harvest Be ? 
This need never be asked if you plant 
Peter Henderson&Co.’s seeds, asthey are the 
acknowledged standard of excellence in 
both hemispheres. Our iqooCatalogueof 
Everything f ! t r he Garden 
is a 190-page book, 9x11 inches, containing 
over 700 engravings and 6 superb colored 
plates of Seeds and Plants—a perfect mine 
of information on garden topics. 
Totrace advertising, and give our Cata¬ 
logue the largest possible distribution,we 
makethe following unusually liberal offer: 
Every Empty Envelope 
Counts as Cash. 
To every one who will state where this 
advertisement was seen, and who encloses 
us 10 cents (in stamps), we will mail the 
Catalogue, and also send, free of charge, 
our famous 50-cent “Harvest” Collection of 
seeds, containing one packet each of New 
Large-flowering Sweet Peas, New Giant 
Pansy, New Giant Comet Asters, White 
Plume Celery, French Breakfast Radish 
and New Freedom Tomato, in a red envel¬ 
ope, which when emptiedand returnedwill 
be accepted as a 25-cent cash payment on 
any order of goods selected from Cata¬ 
logue to the amount of $1.00 and upward. 
Peter Henderson & Co. 
35£37CortlANDT S T NEW YORK 
The Fruits to Plant 
for profitable results are named in our 1900 
Catalogue. This book names all the trees and 
plants that will succeed in a northern elimate; 
gives accurate descriptions of varieties and 
instructions about planting. Catalogue mailed FREE at your request. Write to us for any 
further information you need about fruits. Sixteenth Year. 
T. J. DWYER & SON, Box I (Orange Co. Nurseries), Cornwall, N. Y. 
your t Chestnut Trees 
A few grafts put in your seedling chestnut tree will make it pay big I name price and kinds in catalogue 
Free. FuU line nursery stock. ARTHUR J. COLLINS, Moorestown, Burlington Co., N. J. 
Geo. S. Josselyn, Fredonia, N. Y. 
IRITDOni IPCD OF Campbell’s Early Crape, 
111 I IWI/U Vy ■ Josselyn Cooseberry, Fay Curran 
Large list of Grape Vines and Small Fruit Plants. Catalogues Free. 
ROGERS’ TREES 
JJSF 64-page and 32-page truthful, cata¬ 
logues free. No Agents. 
ARE SAFE TO HUY. Clean, healthy business trees. 
You have our address, send us yours. We would like to 
tell you more about them. Those who know us best 
trust us most, and you will find it safe in every way to 
place your orders with THE ROGERS NURSERIES, 
Tree Breeders, uansville, N. Y. 
Trees, Orchard, Carden. 
All the old and well-tried, and several NEW VARIETIES: Climax and Sultan Plums (new Japs); BALD¬ 
WIN CHERRY, the hardiest of all. GIBSON Strawberry; statement sales of Gibson for period of 13 
days show prices double other kinds. We Guarantee best care, and best values, verified by our patrous, 
who are among the most practical, up-to-date Orchardists In this country. Our principle of guarding 
the PARENTAGE of trees in propagation in view of making them CONSTITUTIONALLY HARDY, and 
more likely to be PRODUCTIVE, is indorsed by best authorities. Catalogue free. Consult it and we will 
Cayuga Nurseries Established 1847 WILEY CO., CAYUGA , TV. Y. 
The BEST FRUIT 
Echo Strawberry. 
London and 
Colnmblan Raspberry. 
Erie and Rathbun 
Blackberry. 
Pearl Gooseberry. 
Pomona and 
Red Cross Currants. 
Is the only kind worth growing. 
I handle nothing that I cannot 
guarantee. All my plants are 
hardy, fresh dug, and war¬ 
ranted true to name. Let me 
send you my catalogue— free. 
ALLEN L. WOOD, Wholesale Grower, Rochester, N. Y. 
SW 
MMMIU Si 
MM! ti 
CjL 
STARK 
TRADE 
MARK 
not higir price. Finest sorts. We bud 4 million Apple trees, 
whole-root graft 5 million—1- and 2-yr. Other Trees, Vines, etc., 
|k scry.^43,000 acres Orchards. We PAY FREIGHT 
box and pack free, ask No Money until SAFE arrival,— 
uarantee Satisfaction. Fruit Book free. Write us,—V isit us 
DAV CASH each WEEK and want more Home and 
C r/\l traveling salesmen. STARK Market and Qual> 
s PAY: Apple of Commerce, CTARK LOUISIANA, M0. 
_ _ >avis, Stayman Wincsap, Delicious, JNIMfXs Dansvllle, N. Y. 
Senator. Champion; Gold plum; Kielfer; Elbert a Stark, Mo., etc. 
_ i RlllI w 
•^^^^Black ty Ben D 
. VUWVVMVVWWVMVWWVWVVWW'/ 
Our Fruit Trees Grow j 
f We have thousands of all the best varie- ? 
J ties of TREES and PLANTS. Full descrip- J 
£ tion in our Catalogue—it’s free. Send for S 
S it to-day. We can Bave you money. £ 
f Address £ 
l Highland Nursery Co., Rochester, N. Y. £ 
£/wvwvvvvvvvvvwvvvvvvvvvvvvvwv3 
ftp ■ All TDCrC Grand lot, grown on the bank of lake Erie two miles 
Ft All H Intro, from any peach orchards, guaranteed free from 
borers, scale, aphis, yellows, etc. Large stock of 
Pear, Plum, Cherry, Apple, Etc. Immense supply of small fruits. Head- 
(jrnamental Trees,Shrubs, Plants, Bulbs, Seeds. 
40 acres hardy Roses* 44 Greenhouses of Palms, Ficus, Ferns, _Boses, 
Geraniums, Etc. Mail size postpaid. Direct deal saves money, try us. Elegant 
catalog free. 46th year. 1000 acres. 
THE STORRS & HARRISON CO., Box 791 Palnestille, Ohio. 
