204 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER 
March 24 
Hay from Rye. 
A. ./. N., Knoxville, Tcnn.—I have about five 
acres of rye to cut for hay. At what stage 
of growth should It be cut? Will It make 
a second crop sufficient to pay? If so, how 
long between the two mowings? 
Ans. —Rye hay is poor stuff at best. 
We cut it just as the heads form their 
grain. It is harder to cure than oat 
hay. We have never obtained a second 
growth worth cutting. 
Where to Put Manure. 
W. N., Albion, N. Y .—In spreading barn¬ 
yard manure, quantity limited, is it best to 
put near the trunk for large trees, or at a 
distance away, and the reason? 
Ans. —By all means put the manure 
out away from the tree. The leeding 
roots run out to where the sun strikes 
the ground. The big roots near the tree 
are the feet or braces of the tree. Its 
mouths are t the ends of the little 
roots. Scatter the manure out. As well 
put the cow’s feet in the feed box as to 
put manure around the tree’s trunk. 
Sale for Hen Manure. 
V. P., Babylon, N. Y.— Is there any sale for 
chicken manure? It is very carefully cojn- 
posted with one-eighth sifted coal ashes; is 
quite dry, and could be packed in bags for 
shipment. While we have a large number 
of fowls, we have but a small amount of 
land under cultivation, therefore but little 
use for manure. We have on hand at this 
writing about two tons. 
Ans. —Such manure usually finds a 
local market. It is rarely shipped. We 
do not know of anyone who would buy 
it in that way. At auctions in our own 
locality, chicken manure sells readily at 
about $8 per ton, which is about its 
value as compared with New York stable 
manure. 
Windmill and Tank Questions. 
C. V. O., Sharon, Mass .—I intend to put up 
a windmill for pumping water and sawing 
wood, a 14 or 16-foot wheel. . Would a 
wooden wheel or iron wheel be best? I 
intend to put the wheel on barn, and 
tank outside of barn. How large a tank 
would I need for barn and house and some 
irrigation? 
Ans. —We chose a wooden wheel with 
steel rim. It seemed more serviceable 
and easier kept in repair. Our own tank 
holds 1,300 gallons, but we would pre¬ 
fer one of at least 5,000 gallons capacity. 
If you expect to irrigate a larger tank 
than this would be useful. Our mill 
stood still January 13, 14 and 15, but on 
every other day s r.oe January 1 there 
has been wind enough to pump. We are 
likely to have periods of a week or more 
in Summer when but little pumping will 
be done. 
Red Raspberries from Tips. 
H. S., Lynchburg, Va .—Is there a red rasp¬ 
berry in cultivation that propagates from 
the tip like a blackcap? 
Ans. —Quite a number of “purple- 
cane” raspberries, bearing rather dark 
red berries, and rooting freely from the 
tips, have been introduced from time to 
time. They were formerly supposed to 
belong to a distinct species named Rubus 
neglectus, but are now regarded as hy¬ 
brids between the red and blackcap va¬ 
rieties. Shaffer’s Colossal and Colum¬ 
bian are the varieties most largely 
grown. Both are vigorous and produc¬ 
tive. The berries are large and of fine 
quality, but too dull in color to sell well. 
They are excellent for home use and for 
drying. Columbian is quite hardy, but 
Shaffer often winterkills unless protect¬ 
ed. Cardinal is a new berry of this type, 
originating in Kansas, and is said to 
bear large crops of bright red berries, 
but acts otherwise like a blackcap. 
Seed Potatoes and Sulphur. 
E. P. H., Barnstable Co., Mass .—Will sul¬ 
phur sprinkled on potatoes that are cut 
for seed prevent scab as well as corrosive 
sublimate? Give directions for using each. 
Ans. —We d~ubt it, yet we think the 
sulphur very useful. In addition to its 
effect upon the scab germs the sulphur 
will preserve the seed pieces, and to 
some extent prevent rot. In some cold, 
wet seasons the seed pieces are liable 
to rot before the sprouts can get out of 
the ground. In such seasons sulphur 
would certainly help. See Hope Farm 
Notes for methods of using it. The cor¬ 
rosive sublimate is used by dissolving 
two ounces in warm water and adding 
cold water enough to make 16 gallons. 
After washing the seed potatoes to re¬ 
move the dirt, they are soaked for 1% 
hour in this solution, then drained and 
cut as usual. 
Fertilizer for Christmas Trees. 
I). J. T., Lake County, O .—What manures 
are most favorable for perfect develop¬ 
ment of the Norway spruce? I wish to 
push the growth as rapidly as possible 
with safety. Last Spring three rows were 
planted for a wind-break. The rows are four 
feet apart, and the plants four feet In the 
row; 375 plants in all. I have a ready mar¬ 
ket for symmetrical small four to six-foot 
Christmas trees; price 20 to 25 cents each. 
As soon as the trees are large enough, will 
cut out the center row, and every other 
tree in the outside rows, leaving the re¬ 
maining trees zig-zag eight feet apart each 
way. The 250 Christmas trees will pay for 
the plants and labor, and will have estab¬ 
lished an invaluable wind-break. 
Ans. —A coating of fine stable manure 
three or four inches thick, between tihe 
rows, and three feet or more wide, along 
the outside rows, will promote a rapid 
and thrifty growth. It may be lightly 
plowed in, barely turning it under, and 
the soil kept well cultivated until the 
middle of August. Coniferous trees do 
not bear chemical fertilizers well when 
directly applied, as it often causes the 
foliage to turn yellowish. Ground bone 
is a safe fertilizer for evergreens, but 
rather slow in its action. The trees 
should prove profitable at the selling 
price mentioned. 
Questions About Cabbage. 
IV. A. B., Coral, Mich .—How many good 
cabbages do you call an average crop? 
What is the usual price in car lots? Will 
it pay to raise cabbage and ship 150 miles? 
Land is good; corn and potato land in fair 
condition. 
Ans. —Cabbages are generally set in 
rows three or four feet apart, and 16 to 
20 inches apart in the row, according to 
variety. A very good yield is 90 per cent 
of heads, Which would give about 6,000 
to 7,000 per acre. At present the whole¬ 
sale price is $25 to $30 per ton. In 
November, 1899, it sold at two to three 
cents per 'head, or $8 to v ^0 per ton; in 
December five to seven cents per head. 
In October and November, 1898, it was 
as low as one or two cents per head. 
Cabbage is a bulky and heavy crop, and 
it does not pay to grow it very far from 
market; much depends on shipping fa¬ 
cilities and local rates of transportation. 
Good corn and potato land should pro¬ 
duce fair crops of cabbage, if well ma¬ 
nured and cultivated. 
Tomato Seed from Canneries. 
J. C. E., Millsboro, Del.—Is it true that 
some seedsmen sell tomato seed saved at 
the canneries? Would such seeds be equal 
to that saved from plants In the field, or 
would they deteriorate and plants from 
them yield inferior fruit, even if good to¬ 
matoes were selected for seed at the can¬ 
nery? 
Ans. —We often hear that seeds 
washed from the refuse pulp of tomato 
canneries are bought by obscure seeds¬ 
men for eight to 10 cents a pound, and 
in turn sold to their customers at the 
usual rates, but are quite sure no repu¬ 
table seed houses handle such stock. As 
the canneries contract for their tomatoes 
at $6 to $7 per ton, growers bring every¬ 
thing, large and small, in the way of 
ripe 'tomatoes, that will make weight, 
and, as many varieties are raised by the 
different growers, it can be readily seen 
that plants grown from such seed would 
prove a very mixed lot. The large and 
perfect tomatoes are canned nearly 
whole, without removing their seeds, but 
the small and poor ones are crushed for 
catsup, etc., and it is from these that the 
seeds are secured. The modern tomato 
is a highly-developed plant, which has 
been brought to its present state mainly 
by careful and persistent seed selection, 
and it is not well to plant inferior seed 
for any purpose. 
MILLION DOLLARS 
Most talked of potato on earth ! Our, 
Catalog tells—so also about Sal- 
zer’s Earliest Six Weeks’ Potato. 
Largest farm and vegetable seed 
growers in U. 8 . Potatoes, $1.20 and i 
upabbl. Send this-"'ticc and 5c.f 
■tamp for Bif Catalog. Fl41 
] JOHN A.SALZER SEED (sLACROSSEwisf 
FOR SALE Seed: 1,000 Bnshels Cow Peas. 
JOSEPH E. HOLLAND, Milford, Del. 
New Early Yellow nr | fill 
FREE STONE T bAUll 
Price-list free. W. J. Graves, Originator, Perry, O. 
GRAVES 
REID’S 
Fruit Trees, Small Fruits, Roses, 
Ornamental Trees and Plants 
true to name. Low prices. No. 1 
stock. Illustrated catalogue, free. 
REIIF8 NURSERIES, 
Box I, Upland, Ohio, 
v w jjncco. atinj. a 
FRUITS 
FRUIT TREES AND PLANTS. 
Only well-tested reliable varieties. No untried 
novelties of peach, apple, pear and other fruit trees. 
Twenty live varieties of strawberries. Blackberry, 
raspberry and other small fruit plants. 10,000 Kan¬ 
sas, the best black cap raspberry. Very cheap, 
healthy, well-rooted trees and plants packed free in 
best manner. For price list address 
CHARLES BLACK, llightstown, N. J. 
TREES 
at Wholesale prices. Apple, Plum and 
Pears, 16 per 100; Peach, 3c. Cat. Free 
Reliance Nursery, Box 10, Geneva, N. Y 
Seeds! Seeds! 
76th Annual Priced Catalogue of 
Vegetable, Farm and Flower Seeds 
is now ready and mailed free to all applicants. 
BRIDGEMAN’S SEED WAREHOUSE, 
37 East 19th Street, New York City. 
] 
MAULE’S Seeds 
Lead all, as thousands of successful garden- I E 
era in all sectlonsof the country can attest. e 
If you want the finest garden you have ev¬ 
er had, you must plant Maule’s Heeds. 
Our Beautiful New 
Catalogue Free 
to all who apply for It. It contains every¬ 
thing good, old or new, in vegetable, flower, 
and farm seeds, summer flowering bulbs, 
etc.,etc. It has hundreds of Illustrations, 
four colored plates, practical up-to-date cul¬ 
tural directions, and offers82,500 in cash 
prizes. Write for It to-day. Address 
WM. HENRY MAULE, Philadelphia. 
■tuiiiiiHntiiiiiumiiiiHiimiiiiiiiiiiHiiiiimmnuiMium,,,,, 
Burpee Seeds 
are sold in any quantity, but only under 
seal. They are always 
genuine as dated and 
are fairly described in 
Burpee’s Farm An¬ 
nual for 1900. This 
is a bright new book, 
full of practical infor¬ 
mation, which we are 
pleased to Mail FREE to progressive 
planters, who desire to raise the choicest 
Vegetables or most beautiful Flowers. 
Write TO-DAY. 
W. ATLEE BURPEE & CO., Phila. 
ASPARAGUS 
CONOVER’S 
COLOSSAL. COLUMBIAN WHITE. PALMETTO 
All strong two-year-old roots. 
Order early while the stock Is complete. 
THE WM. H. MOON CO., 
Glenwood Nurseries, Morrisville, Penna. 
Cabbage seed, extra select crop of 1899. My own 
growing, all seasons, sure header. Ounce, 20c.; lb., 
11.75. J. A. ROBERTS, Malvern, Pa. 
2000 BUSHELS | ee(1 Corn; san,I,les free - w - 
8 CARFF. New Carlls’c, O. 
CHESTNUT 
SCIONS from producing trees. 
Alpha, Reliance, Parry, Grant, 
Paragon, Cooper. Numbo. 
ALBION CHESTNUT CO., Haddonfle’d, N. J 
Seed Sweet Potatoes, Seed Jersey Yel¬ 
low and Bed. II per bn , 13 per bbl. of 3 bn. Securely 
packed to carry safely. Send for price list of fruit 
trees, small fruits, etc. 
CHA 8 . BLACK, Hlghtstown, N. J. 
Seed Potatoes.— Sir Walter Raleigh. 
Livingston. 12.88; Carman No. 3, Banner, Seneca 
Beauty, 12.67: Rural. $2.60; Ohlos, $3.27 four-bushel 
barrel. W. K. IMES, Seed Potato Specialist, Ver- 
montville, Mich. 
SEED POTATOES Send for price-list and 
ture." 
“Hints on Potato Cul- 
R. P. WILLCOX, Bowling Green, Ohio, 
DHTITHEC Grown especially for SEED. 11 
III I B I U EL w varieties. Prices right. List, free 
GEO. H. COLVIN, Crest Farm, Dalton, Pa 
SEED POTATOES 
MICHIGAN SEED POTATOES. 
AnMITTF.DI.Y TUB ItKRT. QUANTITY TO SUIT. 
MICHIGAN SEED POTATO CO. Greenville, Mich. 
EARLY OHIO, E. 
MICHIGAN, BOVEK 
Rose, Hebron, the Carmans and 6 other lirst-cluss 
varieties. 11 years experience. Catalog free. 
ABNER R. WILSON. Tecumseh, Mich. 
CARMAN NO. 3 $3-00 
SEED POTATOES. MJW perbb i. 
Sir Walter Raleigh and Early Bovee $4.00 pcrbbl., all 
bbls. 4 bu. Dewey, the great cropper, per bbl. $5 00. 
Wholesale list free. GEO. A. BONNELL,Waterloo,N.Y 
General Nursery Stock. 
Trees, Seeds, Cuttings, Hedge Plants, etc. Japan 
Raspberry, $1.50 per 100; do/.., 36. Gregg, Marlboro, 
Golden Queen Raspberry plants, by do/. 35c.; 100, 
$1.50; 1000. $10. Send for Price L et. J. A. ROBERTS, 
Malvern, Pa. 
erNew Late Winter Apples. 
Collins, Beach, Oliver, Arkansaw, Reagan, iiciges, 
Gilbert, Springdale, Hightill, Slayman, Givens, 
Hatchers, etc. $4 per do/., packed. 
V. 8 . FUNK & CO., Boycrtown, Pa. 
P 
EACH TREES 
No. 1, Medium. No. 2 and No. 
3, at 3, 1\i, 1% and lc. each, 
all 1 yr. from bud, healthy, thrifty; no scale; 
sample by exp. Trees kept dormant till May 10. 
Send for clr. R. S. Johnston, Box4,Stockley,Del 
Al 
Strawberry and SmaU Fruit Plants. Lowest 
prices. List free. P. SPEER, Passaic, N. J. 
OTRAWBERRY PLANTS $1.26 per 1000 and up. 
^ Miller Red Raspberry and Lucretia Dewberry, 
$3.50 per 1000. Catalogue free. 
I). W. MOSLEY, Dover, Del. 
Strawberries 
—As good plants as can be 
__bought North, Sout h, East, or 
West. Carefully handled,packed*shipped anywhere 
at wholesale prices. Win. Perry, Cool Spring, Del. 
New Seedling Strawberries. 
Free Sliver and WInchel No. 3 Just out and 20 other 
varieties. Write for free catalogue. RIDGE PLANT 
FARM, G. W. Winchel, Prop., Tobinsport, Ind. 
BIG NEW BERRIES 
Mammoth sweet chestnuts, Japanese plums, peaches 
—all nursery stock cheap. Free catalogue. 
J. H. HALE, South Glastonbury. Conn. 
PEACH ™J3E5 
“PEDIGREE 
A full assortment of varieties, including 
new and standard sorts. These are, we 
rooted trees we have ever grown. 
JJ that is what our NEW SEEDLING STRAWBERRIES are. You 
should read about them. Send for new Descriptive Catalogue. 
It tells all about them and the many other good things we have. 
JOS. H. BLACK, SON & CO , 
HIGHTSTOWN, N. J. 
For $i I will send by express or freight, i Alpha, i Paragon, 
i Numbo Chestnut Tree grafted, worth $ 2.20 Full line of 
^Jnfipoj-a ARTHUR J. COLLINS, 
I ’ Ursery OlOCK. V^ertincate. Moorestown, Burlington County, N. J. 
GRASS SEED for HAY, 
GRASS SEED for PASTURE, 
GRASS SEED for GOLF LINKS, 
GRASS SEED for LAWNS, 
GRfISS miXTURES SPECIALLY PREPARED TO SUIT DLL CONDITIONS OF SOIL. 
Our AMERICAN FARMERS’ MANUAL for 1900, 32 pages, devoted entirely to Grass 
and other Seeds for the Farm, mailed free on application to those who state where they saw 
this advertisement. Correspondence invited. 
GRASS SEEDS 
PETER HENDERSON & CO, 
-35 & 37- 
CORTLANDT SI. 
NEW YORK. 
The Fruits to Plant 
for profitable results are named in our 1900 
Catalogue. This book names all the trees and 
plants that will succeed in a northern climate; 
gives accurate descriptions of varieties and 
instructions about planting. Catalogue mailed FREE at your request. Write to us for any 
further information you need about fruits. Sixteenth Year. 
T. J. PWYER A SON, Box I (Qrange Cp. Nurseries), Cornwall, N. Y. 
