April 14 
264 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER; 
Van Deman’s Fruit Notes. 
ALL SORTS OF QUESTIONS ANSWERED. 
Pruning Frozen Wood. 
Henry Jones wants to prune my apple 
trees. I told him that the weather was 
too cold here in Manitoba to prune trees 
when the mercury drops to 10 degrees be¬ 
low zero. But he says it won’t hurt them, 
and that he has no time next month. They 
are not big trees, but I want to take care 
of them, and the man says it doesn’t hurt 
a tree to take off frozen wood. Is this 
true? J. J. 
Manitoba. 
It has been found by experiment that 
it does hurt trees slightly to prune them 
when the wood is rrozen. Branches that 
have been cut back during severe weath¬ 
er have been known to die back slightly 
under such conditions. It would be bet¬ 
ter to wait until the weather moderates 
before doing tne pruning. 
A Lazy Apple Tree. 
Can you explain why a tree of 16 years’ 
growth, and very thrifty, does not bear 
any apples, or more than a dozen? A 
neighbor called my attention to it the 
other day. All of the trees are thrifty 
from good cultivation, but this tree has 
made the most growth and pays no divi¬ 
dends. I would like to know what will 
bring it to bearing. My neighbor could 
not tell the name of the apple. e. a. g. 
Norfolk, Mass. 
It is probable that good culture and 
an inherent tendency of the variety to 
make wood rather than bear fruit early 
in life is the cause of the tardy bearing. 
Almost anything that will tend to check 
the growth without seriously injuring 
the tree will cause it to bear. If a knife 
is run around the body of the tree to the 
wood next June, in several places, it 
may be sufficient. A ring of bark sev¬ 
eral inches wide may be taken off en¬ 
tirely around the tree, with a still more 
decided effect, and yet without any dan¬ 
ger of injuring it. This will cause the 
formation of fruit buds. It would be 
wrong to do it very early or very late 
in the growing season. 
Sour Cherries. 
Compared with the English Morello, is 
there any other sour cherry ripening as 
late, or later, that is superior to it either 
in size, quality or productiveness? How 
would Lutovka, Plumstone Morello, Wragg 
or Ostheimer (not Ostheim) compare with 
it? L. 
Sparkill, N. Y. 
So far as I know there is no sour 
variety of cherry ripening as late or 
later than English Morello that is as 
good. Wragg is claimed by several 
good judges of fruits to be only another 
name for the English Morello; while 
others think that they are not identical. 
If they are identical I wish that the 
simple name Wragg might supersede all 
others, if this exception would be al¬ 
lowed to the rules of pomological no¬ 
menclature, because it is short and truly 
distinctive. English and Morello are 
both class names rather than those of a 
specific character. The other varieties 
mentioned have not shown themselves 
to be equal to the one under discussion. 
But there is one other of the Russian 
cherries, called Brusseler Branne (a 
clumsy name), that gives promise of 
being better than that old favorite; for 
it, is of the same season, stronger in 
tree and larger in fruit. Baldwin is 
another late Morello cherry of Kansas 
origin that promises well. 
Bridge-Grafting Maple Trees. 
Last season, to prevent the ravages of 
the Forest tent-caterpiller, the cemetery 
commissioners used pine tar on all the 
maple trees in and about the cemetery. 
The tar was applied in a ring six to 10 
inches wide around the trunk of the trees, 
and wherever it touched the tree the bark 
is dead clear to the wood. The trees made 
a good growth above and below the rings, 
but the tar apparently stopped the growth 
wherever it touched. Will this kill the 
trees? Can anything be done this Spring 
to help them? If so, what? H. 
Vermont. 
It is possible that those trees will die 
or which bark is dead all of the way 
around. The vital circulation is cut off 
where the tissue is dead. The dead 
places can be healed over by bridge 
grafting. This may be done by using 
small branches, about half an inch in di¬ 
ameter and of the same Kina of maple. 
With a chisel cut a notch above the dead 
place with a square shoulder facing 
downwards, and another just like it be¬ 
low, but with the shoulder facing up¬ 
wards. Trim the small branch at each 
end with a sloping cut and square 
ends that will fit into these notches, 
being careful that its length is a little 
greater than the distance between the 
notches. Spring this branch into place, 
with the bow outwards, and wax the 
wounds at the ends. Insert several of 
these at intervals of a few inches 
around the entire trunk of the tree. It 
will be astonishing how large they will 
grow in one season; and in two or three 
years there will be a new layer of wood 
entirely around the tree. This is the 
way to proceed in patching over tree 
wounds made by mice, rabbits, etc., 
which are common in orchards where 
these pests abound. 
Late Grafting. 
I wish to second the suggestion of Mr. 
Morse, of Massachusetts, as to the ad¬ 
vantage of late grafting of the plum and 
cherry (page 67). I will say that I once 
top-grafted 75 or 100 common Morello 
cherry sprouts with Early Richmond, cut¬ 
ting and inserting the grafts at once, 
when the leaves were just opening in May. 
About 90 per cent of them grew nicely, and 
there were 20 to 30 blooms on some of them 
the next Spring. That was an experi¬ 
ment to utilize the cherry sprouts, and the 
only grafting I ever did so late. It was 
about the most successful of all the graft¬ 
ing I have done on chtrry or plum, con¬ 
trary, as to time, as it was, to the authori¬ 
ties. D - E - 
Paris, Ill. 
I believe that we have something to 
learn yet about the grafting of the stone 
fruits, and that this is at least partly in 
the right direction. They do not callous 
so easily as the pomaceous fruits, and 
seem to need to be in a more active 
state when the grafting is done. Pos¬ 
sibly the scion as well as the stock may 
become active, also, before being set; 
but I have always had many failures 
when their buds were even slightly 
started. My plan now is to hold back 
the scions in cold storage until the 
stocks begin to leaf out, and then set 
them by some of the bark methods of 
grafting. 
Varieties of Cherries. 
We wish to set out about 50 cherry trees 
this Spring, and do not know just which 
is best of the sour sorts. We have Rich¬ 
mond, and would like to prolong the sea¬ 
son if possible with one or two strong 
growing sorts. What is the difference be¬ 
tween Large Montmorency and Montmor¬ 
ency Ordinaire? What is the latest sour 
cherry among the strong-growing sorts? 
We want no dwarfs. L. b. k. 
Jamesville N. Y. 
The best sour cherry of the Morello 
type ripening next after Richmond is 
Montmorency. It is a strong grower, 
and in tree and fruit much like Rich¬ 
mond, except that it is about a week 
later and more acid in navor. There is 
another very popular and dependable 
variety, usually called English Morello, 
that is the latest of all the valuable sour 
cherries. Wragg is either another cher¬ 
ry of like characteristics, or, it may be, 
as some claim, that it is the same va¬ 
riety These are the varieties that I 
would select to prolong the supply of 
sour cherries in New York. It is not 
certain, in my mind, whether anyone is 
able clearly to define and describe the 
varieties of the cherry that go under the 
name Montmorency, with certain appen¬ 
dages, such as Ordinaire, Large Fruited, 
etc. The best French pomologists do 
not agree in regard to them, although 
they originated there, and have long 
been grown and studied there. There 
are at least three, if not four, kinds that 
bear the name Montmorency; but the 
one which is commonly grown in the 
orchards of New York and propagated 
in the nurseries is the best of them, and 
is thought to be the one that Leroy, an 
eminent French pomologist, called sim¬ 
ply Montmorency. The one he called 
Montmorency Ordinaire was an early 
kind, much like our Richmond; which 
latter variety is also an European var¬ 
iety known as Kentish and about a doz¬ 
er. more synonyms. The one we some¬ 
times call Montmorency Ordinaire is 
probably the true Montmorency. The 
tree grows upright, inclining to form a 
round head, and bears abundantly. The 
fruit has a long stem, is very light red 
and has nearly colorless flesh and juice, 
which is only moderately sour. The 
shape is broad, with flattened ends. 
It is of fair size; some may call it 
“Large Montmorency,” but the true 
variety imported under the name “Mont¬ 
morency Large Fruited” did not bear 
well, and is probably not grown in this 
country now, except in rare amateur 
collections. The latest sour cherry of 
good habits of growth, etc., is English 
Morello or Wragg, so far as extensive 
tests have been made. 
For the land’s sake, use Bowker’s Fer¬ 
tilizers. They enrich the earth.— Ad/v. 
Burpee's 
u Seeds that Grow/' 
If you want to get the Best Seeds for 
your garden this year, you should send 
your address on a postal card for Burpee’s 
Farm Annual for 1900. It is a bright, 
new book, considered by intelligent 
planters everywhere “The Leading Ameri¬ 
can Seed Catalogue.” You had better 
write to-day. Simply address 
BURPEE, Philadelphia. 
ASPARAGUS 
OONTOVER’S 
COLOSSAL. COLUMBIAN WHITE. PALMETTO 
All strong two-year-old roots. 
Order early while the stock is complete 
THE WM. H. MOON CO., 
Gienwood Nurseries, Morrisville, I’enna. 
)/J. I? VERY IIO HI E should 
be adorned with Palms 
and other leaf and flower- 
’ ing Plants. We have 44 
11 greenhouses full. Also 
^yjurl have hundreds of car- 
Fruit and Ornamental Tree*. 
'//ill Shrubs, Roses, Plants, 
1 l™ Vines, Bulbs, Seeds. 
r X Rarest new, choicest old. 
XL. Mail size post paid, safe 
arrival and satisfaction guaranteed. Direct deal wilt 
save you money, try it. Elegant catalog free. 46th 
year. 1000 acres. 44 greenhouses. 
THESTORRS & HARRISON CO. Bo* 794,Painesville.O. 
Western New York 
We can supply you with pure seed beans of old and 
established varieties that are always in demand. 
Let us name you prices on Marrows, Peas, Medi¬ 
ums, Improved •Yellow Eyes. Red Kidneys, Red Mar¬ 
rows and Black Turtle Soup. Do not be fooled into 
buying some new kind that will not have any estab¬ 
lished value after you get them grown. 
8end for circulars and prices. 
E. M. UPTON & Co., Hilton, N. V. 
Vegetable Plants. 
Transplanted Cabbage, Celery, Cauliflower and 
Lettuce plants ready now. Tomato, Egg-plant 
and Pepper plants ready May 1. 
Write for Catalogue. 
J. E, HUTTON&S0N, Conyngham, Pa. 
Seeds! Seeds! 
76th Annnal Priced Catalogue of 
Vegetable, Farm and Flower Seeds 
Is now ready and mailed free to all applicants. 
DRIDGEMAN’S SEED WAREHOUSE, 
37 East 19th Street, New York City. 
The President 
Wilder Currant 
heads the list as a producer and 
a money-maker. Plant no other. 
Prices given on application. 
S. D. WILLARD, Geneva, N.Y. 
Seed Sweet Potatoes, Seed Jersey Yel¬ 
low and Red, SI per bu., $4 per bbl. of 3 bu. Securely 
packed to carry safely. Send for price list of fruit 
trees, small fruits, etc. 
CHAS. BLACK, nightstown. N. J. 
DHTlTnCC Grown especially for SEED. 11 
rU I A I UCD varieties. Prices right. List free 
GEO. H. COLVIN, Crest Farm, Dalton, Pa 
FRUIT TREES AND PLANTS. 
Only well-tested reliable varieties. No untried 
novelties of peach, apple, pear and other fruit trees. 
Twenty-five varieties of strawberries. Blackberry, 
raspberry and other small fruit plants. 10,000 Kan¬ 
sas, the best blackcap raspberry. Very cheap, 
healthy, well-rooted trees and plants packed free In 
best manner. For price list address 
CHARLES BLACK. Hightstown, N. J. 
HARMAN NO. 3 $3.00 
SEED POTATOES. **per bbl. 
Sir Walter Raleigh and Early Bovee $4.00 per bbl., all 
bbls. 4 bu. Dewev, the great cropper, per bbl. $5 00. 
Wholesale list free. GEO. A. BONNELL.Waterloo.N.Y 
Sir Walter Raleigh and Living¬ 
ston, $2.88; Carman No. 3, Seneca 
Beauty and Banner, $2.67; Rural, 
$2.00; Extra Early Ohio, $3.27: 
Seed Bovee. $4—4-bushel barrels. 
_ . . W. E. HUES, Seed Potato 
POtatOeS Specialist, Vermontville, Mich. 
Blight 
Proof 
FOR SALE 
—1,000 Bushels Crimson Clover 
Seed: 1,000 Bushels Cow Peas. 
JOSEPH E. HOLLAND, Milford, Del. 
ni( best by test—74 YEARS. Wf. [)i V CASH 
iPrcWANT MORE SALESMEN ■ /\ I WltKLV 
Tnrrc at Wholesale prices. Apple, Plum and 
I Krr\ Pears, $6 per 100; Peach, 3c. Cat. Free 
1 Reliance Nursery, Box 10, Geneva, N. Y 
GRAVES 
Price-list free. 
New Early Yellow DC A Oil 
FREESTONE rCAOIl 
W. J. Graves, Originator, Perry, O. 
REID’S 
Fruit Trees, Small Fruits, Roses, 
Ornamental Trees and Plants 
true to name. Low prices. No. 1 
stock. Illustrated catalogue free. 
;k. Illustrated catalogue fi 
REID’S NURSERIES, 
Box 1, Upland, Ohio. 
ow prices. No. 1 
FRUITS 
Fruit Packages 
OF ALL KINDS. 
Wire-Stapled Standard Berry Baskets. 
These Baskets are stronger, more durable, and far 
superior to any other basket made. Write for 
catalogue and price-list. 
WEBSTER BASKET CO., 
Monroe County, (Lock Box 43), WEBSTER. N. Y 
Good Fruit 
always finds a ready market, but to bring top 
prices it must be put up in neat, attractive 
and substantial packages. We have every¬ 
thing in the basket line. All sizes of 
Berry 
Baskets, 
a 
Peach and Grape Crates. 
Buy direct from the manufacturers and 
save money. Write to-day for catalogue and 
new price list. Special price in carload lots. 
A. H. MONTAGUE & SON, 
120 Warren Street. New York. City. 
AN EARLY ORDER WILL SAVE MONEY 
The Fruits to Plant 
for profitable results are named in our 1900 
Catalogue. This book names all the trees and 
plants that will succeed in a northern climate; 
gives accurate descriptions of varieties and 
instructions about planting. Catalogue mailed FREE at your request. Write to us for any 
further information you need about fruits. Sixteenth Year. 
T. J. DWYER &. SON, Box I (Orange Co. Nurseries), Cornwall, N. Y. 
Business Apples 
A fine selection for business and for 
profit: York Imperial, Sutton, Grimes, 
Jonathan, Rome Beauty, Arkansaw or 
M. B. Twig, Baldwin, Greening, Hubbard- 
ston and others. Also, Kieffer, Bartlett and other business pears. No finer assortment fruit trees 
for business; no better values anywhere. Those who know us best trust us most, and you will find 
it safe in every way to place your orders with 
The Rogers Nurseries, Tree Breeders, Dansville, N. Y. 
For $1 I will send by express or freight, i Alpha, i Paragon, 
1 Numbo Chestnut Tree grafted, worth $2.20. Full line of 
tvt c. , ;r ARTHUR J. COLLINS, 
IN UrSery otOCK. v^ertincate. Moorestown, Burlington County, N. J. 
PEDIGREE 
99 
is obtained by continually crossing the 
best by the best until you arrive at almost 
perfection. Horses, Cattle, and all kinds 
of other stock show the effects of this 
careful method, cross-breed, and why should not Strawberries show it as well ? If you try our new 
Seedlings you wall find that we have obtained in them all that can possibly be desired in the 
matter of Hardiness, Productiveness, Firmness, Color and Uniformity. We have all kinds of Nursery 
stock but we take especial pride in our Seedling Strawberries. Actual Photographs were taken by 
Rural New Yorker, from which our half-tones were made. You should see our new catalogue 
which we show these half-tone pictures. It is Free. 
JOS. H. BLACK, SON & CO., Hightstown, N. J. 
in 
