35o 
May 19 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER 
-- - je*. 
ning expenses. Still a charity put-ofi a business 
basis is always more useful that that which comes as 
a mere gift. 
BILL OF FARE. 
MILLS HOTEL RESTAURANT. 
REGULAR BREAKFAST, 15 CENTS. 
Served until 1 1.30 A. M. 
Consisting of one 5 and one 10 cent dish. 
With Bread, Butter, Coffee, Tea or Milk. 
FIVE"CENT DISHES. 
Crullers 
Corn Muffins 
French Rolls 
Wheat Cakes 
Stewed Prunes 
Buckwheat Cakes 
Oatmeal and Milk 
Boiled Rice and Milk 
Shredded Wheat Biscuit 
Cracked Wheat and Milk 
Fruits in Season 
TEN-CENT DISHES. 
Fried Ham 
Small Steak 
Lamb Chops 
Pork Chops 
Veal Outlets 
Salt Salmon 
Salt Herring 
Salt Mackerel 
Fried Sausage 
Ham Omelette 
Plain Omelette 
Kidney Omelette 
Hamburger Steak 
Corned Beef Hash 
Fried Liver and Bacon 
. . SPECIAL BREAKFAST . . . . 
From 6 to 10 A. M. 
Two Eggs boiled, fried or scrambled, 
or COUNTRY SAUSAGE, with two 
Rolls and one cup of Coffee, 10 Cents. 
I ordered oat meal and milk, a plain omelette and a 
cup of coffee. It was all well cooked, clean and whole¬ 
some, and well served. Neatly-dressed girls served as 
waiters. I noticed that many of the boarders ordered 
a “five-cent breakfast.” 
There is no question about the practical value of 
this enterprise. I am told that the building cost 
about $1,000,000, and that it actually pays a profit of 
nearly three per cent. A poor man may live here 
respectably and well at a moderate cost. It is not 
home, and cannot be while such a mixed-up lot of 
men are herded together, yet to a quiet and decent 
man it is like an annex to Paradise as compared with 
the dirty, badly-lighted holes on the Bowery. No 
liquor is ever served. While, as I have stated, tobacco 
may be considered a quiet agent for law and order, 
liquor at such a place would be simply an advance 
agent for strife and disorder, specially commissioned 
by the devil. I was told that on rare occasions men 
bring liquor in with them, but the rules are too strict 
to permit much of it. One man told me that people who 
could well afford to live at more expensive places, 
come to the hotel and secure the rooms—thus keeping 
poor men out. There are men who struggle through 
the day to earn their 20 cents, and come at night to 
find the rooms all engaged. There is a great lesson 
in this enterprise for many worthy people who would 
gladly break up the gangs of men who hang about 
the barroom, store or depot in the country village. A 
small edition of the Mills Hotel, where these young 
men could find a comfortable place to read, or talk, or 
play harmless games, with “rum and profanity” 
barred, would help depopulate the lounging place. Of 
course this would mean loss of time and money for 
somebody, but did it ever occur to you that one should 
pray with the pocket book as well as with the mouthf 
h. w. c. 
was not so satisfactory on the first crop as the other 
two seasons had been, the cause being, I think, that 
we permitted the clover to get too ripe. It did not 
retain its green color so well, turned a little pale, 
otherwise we see no difference. 
HOW TO OPERATE.—For best results we would 
commence cutting when the clover is in full bloom, 
with a very few heads turned brown; would cut in the 
morning as soon as the clover is fairly dry, and fol¬ 
low with the rake as soon as it has wilted a little, 
say one-quarter dry, or even less. Stop cutting in 
time to have all shocked up before night, making 
shocks medium size, building them with as little slope 
as possible on the side. Then round off with a blunt 
top, just enough to keep the wind from turning the 
hay off shock. This is to get a uniform cure. If the 
shock is too sloping and run to a point, the top 
will be over-dry, while the bottom will not be cured. 
In four or five days after we have done shocking the 
shocks will turn a beautiful golden brown, which in¬ 
dicates that the hay is cured. This brown color 
seems to be just on the upper side of outside straw, 
all green under. An hour before hauling, if conveni¬ 
ent, have two men or boys (for two are better than 
one), go along and turn the shocks on their sides and 
commence at top (one man being on each side), catch 
in with a fork six inches down from the top, set that 
layer back two or three feet on its edge, then another 
layer back against the first, and so continue until you 
have done with the shock. The object is to shelter 
the hay from the direct rays of the sun, and to allow 
the hot, dry air to circulate freely through the hay, 
and drive off all surplus moisture. Now the purpose 
of all this is to show that not only better clover hay 
can be made In this way than in the old way, but that 
it can be made cheaper, and without the customary 
worry that attends clover-haying time. The great 
secret of making clover hay is to cure it in the shade 
Avoid the sun as much as possible. 
BETTER HAY.—Because it is not injured by sun. 
rain or dew, and it is not what we understand by the 
name clover hay, a dry mass of brittle stalks, with 
the leaves all gone, or a mass of moldy stuff unfit 
even for bedding. But we do have in this manner 
of curing a mass of cured clover, relished by all of 
our animals, from a bullock to a chicken, and the 
only difference I see between clover before it is cut 
and clover treated in this way is, one is in a green 
state, the other is in a cured or preserved state. It 
is cheaper hay. Why? Because you concentrate all 
your energy and force on one thing at a time. You 
start your cutter, draft in all the men and boys about 
the place to help pile up. If it looks like rain, go 
ahead. If it rains some, go ahead between showers 
and get the clover all piled up. One or two good 
Tains will do the hay no harm while green; rather 
i( will do good, as it seems to heat up and cure out 
better. So you can rush the cutting and be ready to 
put the hay in when it quits raining, so don’t worry 
about having your hay spoiled. To have this matter 
of worry lifted off your mind is a great relief. The 
energy it saps out of a man cannot be estimated in 
dollars and cents. t. n. Ralston. 
Pennsylvania. _ 
COMBINATIONS OF INSECTICIDES. 
HOW TO CURE CLOVER HAY. 
Make it in the Shade. 
A WEEK’S WORK.—In June of 1897 we were 
caught with four acres of clover which was cut on 
Friday afternoon and rained on immediately after it 
was cut. Saturday morning proved warm and foggy, 
clearing at noon. In the afternoon of Saturday, even 
before the raindrops had all dripped off, and no signs 
of wilting had taken place, we began raking and 
piling this clover, and had it all in shock by evening 
Sunday, Monday and Tuesday following, it rained at 
intervals, clearing on Wednesday. On Friday, just 
one week from the time it was cut, we began to put 
it into the barn. We turned the shocks over on the 
side and pulled them apart, leaving the hay as 
much on edge as possible. We succeeded in getting 
this hay into the barn in fair condition. This hay 
seemed to be about as soft and pliable, with heads and 
leaves on, as before it was cut, and practically con¬ 
tinued in that condition until used. I must say right 
here, although I had made up my mind to try this 
way again, every time I fed that hay during the Win¬ 
ter and watched how the stock relished it, I resolved 
again to cure my hay in this manner. 
When the haying season of 1898 came along, we had 
two acres to cut. We started the machine at the right 
time, and cut and shocked the two acres as soon as 
possible, regardless of weather; had it all cut and on 
shock before we put away in the barn. This experi¬ 
ment proved satisfactory. The past season we cut 10 
acres in the same manner, cutting two crops. This 
It is now well known that there are two classes of in¬ 
sects that attack plants—eaters and suckers. The eaters 
devour the leaf, chewing it as larger animals would eat 
an apple or a piece of bread. When poison is put on 
the outside of the leaf, the insect eating it is killed. 
The sucking insects do not eat the leaf, but bore into it 
and suck out the juices. Therefore, poisons put on the 
surface of the leaf do not injure them—they must be 
attacked from the outside. Kerosene is about the best 
ammunition for these suckers. The two kinds of in¬ 
sects often work together. For instance, the Black flea- 
beetle sucks through the potato leaves, while the Striped 
potato beetle eats them. They often operate at the 
same time, and blight sometimes comes in as the third 
member of the partnership. Is it not possible to kill 
two, or even three birds at one shot, and spray poison, 
Bordeaux and kerosene at one time? 
I had our spraying expert here take one of the 
kerowater pumps and make some experiments. He 
reports that Paris-green will not mix readily with 
kerosene, and that it is impracticable to use i't in this 
way. If, however, the Paris-green is first mixed with 
the water in a kerowater pump, the poison mixture 
can be sprayed with the kerosene, and the resulting 
mixture is a good one, but the Paris-green and water 
must be kept constantly and thoroughly agitated, as 
Paris-green readily settles to the bottom, hence the 
quantity of it would vary. It would be rather a 
difficult matter to keep the Paris-green and water 
mixture constantly agitated. It is, however, possible 
to make a combination of kerosene, water, and Paris- 
green through one of the kerowater pumps, but its 
practicability is doubtful, and it is not often necessary 
to make this combination in fighting insects. I once 
made a good mixture of Bordeaux, Paris-green and 
kerosene emulsion, and thought I had a panacea for 
1 
all insect pests and fungus diseases, but it proved 
impracticable when put to the test in the hands of a 
good farmer. I doubt whether we will ever be able 
to fight the sucking and biting insects as satisfactorily 
by a combination of insecticides as we will by using 
the insecticides separately. Kerosene and soap will 
doubtless continue to be the principal insecticides 
against sucking insects, and the combinations with 
any powder we have, seem to deteriorate their effect¬ 
iveness against sucking insects, m. v. slingerland. 
Formerly kerosene was used as an emulsion or soap 
dissolved in water. Now it is found that a “mechanical 
mixture” of water and kerosene does the work. When 
forced together by a spray pump they mix evenly. Pe¬ 
troleum also may be sprayed in this way, so as to make 
a useful insecticide. We have thought that petroleum 
forced by a sprayer into a combination with Bordeaux 
Mixture might make it stick better to the plants. 
Concerning the addition of crude petroleum to 
Paris-green or Bordeaux Mixture, the result would be 
that you would get a clumping of the Paris-green or 
lime. It would not spray evenly, and you would stand 
the chance of doing almost as much harm as good. I 
tried using kerosene emulsion with London purple 
several years ago, and my experiences were so unsat¬ 
isfactory that I have never attempted it since. I have 
seen a mixture of crude petroleum and Bordeaux ap¬ 
plied last year, and I must say that I did not fancy 
the appearance of the result. Theoretically the mix¬ 
ture is not a good one. Practically I have seen noth¬ 
ing to make me recommend it. [prof.] j. b. smith. 
New Jersey. 
Possibly the plan would work as you suggest, but 
I think that there would be some difficulty experi¬ 
enced in using Bordeaux Mixture in the pump which 
mixes kerosene and water. I fear 'the Bordeaux Mix¬ 
ture would give trouble in the way of clogging. Mo¬ 
lasses has been used for the purpose of causing the 
Bordeaux Mixture and Paris-green to stick to the 
foliage, and I should think that it would be better 
than petroleum. Of course, ft would not be possible to 
use the petroleum in connection with the Bordeaux 
Mixture, except with a pump made for the purpose. It 
would be worth trying, however, and I shall endeavor 
to make a test of the matter this season. 
Ohio Exp. Station. w. or. green. 
COMING GENERA T/0N OF SUBSCRIBERS. 
We have had much to say about old readers of 
The R. N.-Y. Every now and then we learn of a man 
who has taken the paper since it was first issued at 
Rochester, N. Y. Of course we are always glad to 
hear of these old timers, for they belong to a golden 
age of farming. We must not forget the coming 
farmers who are to live in an age of electricity or 
some more powerful and rapid force. Among the 
pleasant letters secured this season is the following, 
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which we have had engraved. This boy is a coming 
farmer. We hope that the rose will go on blooming 
for him many years, and that The R. N.-Y. may be 
so wisely conducted that when he celebrates his sev¬ 
enty-fifth birthday he will still consider it a good 
friend and worthy companion. 
