474 
July 7 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER. 
Live Stock and Dairy 
THE WESTERN HORSE. 
How He Is Marketed. 
Moon blindness is very rare indeed 
among our horses in Iowa, Illinois, Kan¬ 
sas and Nebraska, and it must be at¬ 
tributed to some damaging influence dur¬ 
ing marketing and transferring to your 
section, and improper care after reach¬ 
ing destination. There is no doubt but 
that marketing methods are damaging 
to horses in many instances. In prepar¬ 
ing horses for the market they are corn- 
fattened in our State, having but little 
exercise during fattening periods. When 
sold, they are tested for unsoundnees, 
wind, etc., loaded in cars, and subjected 
to more or less draft through the cars, 
and excitement and fright. Dust and 
cinders get into their eyes, and when 
they arrive at market they usually have 
shipper's cough and sore eyes. They are 
trimmed up and sold under whip and ex¬ 
citement in the ring, and they are sub¬ 
jected to a pulling test, all of which is 
more or less injurious to an unexercised, 
over corn-fattened horse. Then they 
are reshipped, perhaps to another mar¬ 
ket; perhaps to destination, and change 
feed, water and climate, and if in the 
Spring they are usually immediately put 
to work in the hot sun, with eyes still 
inflamed and sore from shipping, lungs 
more or less bad with cold; perhaps 
have been heavily doped with “oil of 
tar” or something to keep the lungs and 
throat clear while marketing. 
The horse crop is mostly all handled 
by local dealers who go through the 
country and buy for delivery on a cer¬ 
tain day; horses are brought into town 
from distances ranging from one to 12 
miles, arriving before 10 o’clock in the 
morning. They are tested for soundness, 
fed at noon, and loaded and shipped dur¬ 
ing the afternoon. Distance from Chi¬ 
cago governs the time of loading, as all 
railroads in western States have their 
stock trains scheduled for loading from 
and including Missouri River points so 
as to reach the Chicago yards the follow¬ 
ing morning, between the hours of three 
and 6 A. M. West of Missouri River 
points the same plan is arranged for Mis¬ 
souri River markets. When horses are 
unloaded, fed and watered, and legs 
clipped in the forenoon, they usually go 
in the ring and sell after dinner, and 
then reloaded and shipped east the same 
night; perhaps sold again on Buffalo or 
one of the other eastern markets the 
next day, or possibly three or four days 
from the time of starting. They run 
through the market's as quickly as pos¬ 
sible to save the expense of feed bills, 
etc. I have shipped horses 700 miles in 
one run without feed or water, but it is 
not usually done. When the western 
honse reaches the hands of the eastern 
purchaser he needs rest, with very little 
exercise and light diet, say three quarts 
of oats and a quart of bran, with a tea- 
spoonful of salt in each feed. Continue 
the salt through the life of the horse if 
it is 50 years, and never give him “dope” 
or drugs of any character. When a 
horse gets out of health and does not do 
well, turn him out on grass and let him 
rest for two or three months with plenty 
You ask in regard to imported stal¬ 
lions being unsound in this direction. 
Our farmers in the above-named States 
are purchasing the very best stallions 
that can be obtained, and are paying 
from $1,800 to $3,500 each, and an un¬ 
sound stallion or a commonly-bred one 
gets no recognition. No such unsound¬ 
ness exists in our stallions or in our 
native-bred mares, but it results there, 
from improper handling of the horse 
after he leaves the hands of the pro¬ 
ducer. I believe it would be more satis¬ 
factory to the consumer if he would 
come here to the great horse-breeding 
ground of the United States to purchase 
his stocic from the producer. He would 
save middleman profits, and what he 
would learn on each trip would be worth 
a season’s work to him, as it would dis¬ 
pel the idea of hereditary unsoundness. 
Cedar Rapids, Iowa. w. l. declow. 
WIRE FENCE FOR SILO HOOPS. 
We hear of silos hooped or bound with 
wire fencing. Are such hoops permanent? 
Will they hold the staves? 
In this vicinity, there are at least 25 
wire-hooped silos, and all give the best 
of satisfaction. This morning I tele¬ 
phoned to several who have them, also a 
large silo builder, and all the reports were 
very favorable but one, and this from a 
man who built his silo out of slightly- 
seasoned lumber, and it is shrinking so 
that he is obliged to take up the slack of 
the wires, but now that he has got the 
staves up snug, he has painted the silo, 
and expects no further trouble from 
staves shrinking. The builder referred 
to is going to build several more of these 
fence-wire-hooped silos in the neighbor¬ 
hood, where he built five last year. 
Where the staves were made of wel'l-sea- 
soned lumber, the twist of the wires is 
holding the staves right up to the close 
joint this hot weather, and there will be 
no need of tightening the clamps. Four 
widths of fencing proved ample strength 
for 24-foot deep silos, and there was no 
evidence but that they were strong 
enough to resist any possible strain. 
This season both the Page and Frost 
people are to put out a special silo fence, 
all made of top wires, and so much 
stronger than the common fencing. At 
present prices the cost of 168 feet of 50- 
inch fencing would be about $6. Eight 
22-inch long, one-inch bolts would be 
about $2.50 more. Last Fall, rod hoops, 
lugs, etc., for a like silo cost not far from 
$20, I think. 
While there is some contention over 
the matter, it begins to look as though it 
was best to bevel the staves, rather than 
use a square stave, and make it tight by 
pinching the inside edge. That it is best 
to match with tongue and groove is not 
proven. The real thing to be guarded 
against in silo building, is air from the 
outside, either through the stave 
“joints,” or the stave itsedf. The staves 
themselves need to have something put 
upon them that will fill the pores of 
the wood; and if the beveled stave is 
the coming one, then it would be a good 
plan when the silo is complete and hoops 
pulled up to the last “hitch,” to paint 
outside with some of the pitch paints to 
fill the wood, and then put on over it a 
coat of some kind of “civilized” paint. 
In making the clamps to bring the ends 
of the fence wire up snug, it needs 
pretty solid, hard wood for it, and 4x5 
pieces, instead of 4x4, will be found the 
best, using 22 J inch-long bolts to bring 
them up. These bolts should have strong 
heads and three-inch -washers, so that 
the wood cannot be cut into, and there 
should be double burrs on them, or else 
there is danger of the threads slipping 
under the pressure. 
In foundations there are many ideas; 
probably the best and simplest for the 
round silo is to make a grout bottom 
of gravel and fine stone, at least three 
feet larger than the diameter of the silo. 
Make this five or six inches thick and 
much sunken in the center. Then mark 
a circle on it exactly the size of the 
outside circle of the stave silo. Put a 
temporary hoop six inches high on this 
circle, and then outside of it add six or 
eight inches of grout to the thickness of 
the platform, sloping it down somewhat 
to the outside. Put the silo inside this 
circle, and when done/’ "set” it fast 
with thin cement, and then cement— 
trowel wide—on the inside of the staves 
on the floor enough to avoid a sharp an¬ 
gle between floor and stave. It is then 
both water and rat-tight. 
JOHN GOULD. 
A Co-operative Creamery.—As an evi¬ 
dence of tne progress being made at the 
cooperative creamery at Mongaup Valley, 
N. Y., Mr. Frank Bezer, the manager, re¬ 
ports that in May last year he received 
95,538 pounds of milk, and made 4,080 
pounds of butter. For the same month 
this year, he received 166,382 pounds of milk 
and made 6,979 pounds of butter. Some 
new milk is being consumed this year in 
the manufacture of an Italian grade of 
skim-milk cneese. This is a big increase 
for milk. It indicates the tendency of the 
dairy interests—the cooperative creamery. 
Let us have more and more of them. They 
will knock the insolence out of the Milk 
Exchange. 
Breeding Facts.—I owned a dark 
brown mare for many years, stock un¬ 
known. I bred her to Commodore, a 
solid jet-black Norman. She brought a 
coal-black foal. I bred her again to the 
same horse and got a sorrel mare with 
white face. I bred her again to a jet- 
black young Commodore, son of old 
Commodore (who had died meanwhile), 
dam a grey (dappled) Percheron, and I got 
a jet black with small star in forehead. 
She afterwards had two dark mules. The 
sorrel mare is a beauty when fat and wen- 
groomed. When very thin the white face 
seems abnormal and solemn, and she looks 
ugly. The above is brought out by read¬ 
ing article on page 414 of The R. N.-Y. 
Topeka, Kan. w. h. b. 
A Lame Horse 
is a luxury you cannot afford. Don’t have a 
lame horse; cure him with 
It’s the old reliable remedy for Spavins, Ring¬ 
bones, Splints. Curbs and all forms of Lumencss. 
It is certain inits effects and cures withouta blemish, 
as It docs not blister. The endorsement of it* users 
guarantees its merit*. Frlee, $1; six for Co. As a lini¬ 
ment for family use It has no equal. Ask your druggist for 
KENDALL’S SPAVIN Cl RE. also ‘*A Treatise 
on the Horse,” the book free, or address 
DR. B. J. KENDALL CO., ENOSBURG FALLS, VT. 
Breeders’ Directory. 
B P D —Thompson & Bradley Eggs only. Cir- 
■ I i III cnlar and 2c. stamp for your name 
Prices right. Smith’s Potato Farm, Manchester. N.Y 
TIIST H4TPH Br.and W.Rocks,S.and Wh. 
uuuiJ Ilia I IlniVll Wyandottes, 11.50 per 15. Br. 
and Wh. Leghorns, $1 per 13. Wh. Holland Turkey 
eggs, $2 per 9. WM. McCABE, Kelsey, Ohio. 
C HENANGO VALLEY STOCK FARMS, Greene N. 
Y.—Dutch Belted and Jersey Cattle; Dorset and 
Uamboulllet 8heep; Poland-China, Jersey Red and 
SufTolk Pigs. Land and Water Fowls. Hens’ 
Eggs, 00c. per dozen: 10 kinds; standard bred. 
Chester Whites, Holsteins and Choice E$s. 
A One lot of young sows bred for Fall litters. 
Holstein-Friesian Bull Calves of extra breeding 
Light Brahma and B. Rock Eggs: 15 for 76 cents. 
OHAS. K. RECORD, Peterboro. N. Y. 
GUERNSEYS 
k—Fine young Guernsey Bulls 
_ and Heifers for sale, from the 
celebrated herd at Klkdale 8tock Farm. 
D. L. STEVENS, Prop., Elkdale. Pa. 
Some GOOD yonng 
JERSEY BOLL CALVES 
FOR SALE at fair prices. No PLUGS nor nn 
registered for sale at any price. 
B. F. SHANNON, 907 Liberty St., Pittsburg, Pa. 
DELLHURST FARM, 
MENTOR, OHIO, 
has nearly 30 Holstein Bull Calves to select 
from, and offers sons of DcKol’s Butter Boy No 
19210, Royal Paul 22979 and others, having the much 
talkcd-of Pauline Paul and DeKol cross. Our Herd 
now numbers 150 head. Stock of all ages and bot h 
sexes for sale from Advanced Registry cows. 
Dm ANn nUIMAQ strain, purebred 
rULAHU-UmnAO Poland-China Plgsforsale 
15 each when they are eight to ten weeks old. 
F. H. GATES & SONS, Chittenango, N. Y. 
WOVEN WIRE FENCING FOR SHEEP 
Best quality of galv. Wire, in rolls, 150 feet long, 24 
inches wide, $1.25; 30 inches, $1.43; 36 Inches, $1.78. 
Our circulars give net prices of fencing for Cattle, 
Hogs, Sheep and Poultry. We ship from factory to 
farmer. JAMES S. CASE (Box N), Colchester, Conn, 
nCATlI Tn i IPC on HBNB and CHICKKNB 
UlAITi lU LIuL 64-page book fre«. 
D. J. LAMBERT, Box 307, Apponaug, K. I. 
SHOO-FLY 
The only positive protection for Horses and CoWa 
NO FLIES, TICKS, VERMIN OR SORES 
Prevents Oharbon and Texan Cattle Fever, becanso 
these diseases are spread by flies nnd ticks. Thou¬ 
sands duplicate 10 gallons. lievmrr, of imitation*. One 
cent’s worth saves 3 quarts of milk nnd much llesh. 
Don’t wait till com are dry and horses are poor. If 
your dealer does not keep it, send us 25 cents for sum 
pie. Money refunded if cows are not protected. 
SH00-FLY MFG. CO.,1005 Falrmount Ave., Phila. Pa. 
Cows Darren 3 years 
MADE TO BREED. 
Moore Brothers, Albany, n. y. 
WIJLDER’S 
Swing Stanchion. 
Improvement over Smith’s. 
Steel latch; Automatic 
lock. Adjusts Itself when 
open soanimalcannotturn 
it in backing out. Safest 
and Qcickkst Fastening 
made.Send for testimonials 
J.K. WILDER & SONS, 
Monroe, Mich. 
The WILLARD KNAPP COW TIE 
Is the most humane, inex¬ 
pensive, practical and dur¬ 
able device for fastening 
cattle. Approved by all 
up-to-date dairymen. 
Send for illustrated pam- 
phlet,describing the tie and 
giviDgstatements from our 
customers. 
vVILLARI) H. KNAPP & CO 
Groton St., Cortland N.Y 
The Domestic Sheep. 
Its Culture and General Management. 
By Henry Stewart. An up-to-date book 
on sheep. The most scientific, practical 
and useful hook ever published on this 
subject. Indorsed by the world’s high¬ 
est authorities, press and sheep public 
everywhere. It contains 372 pages of 
“ boiled-down ” knowledge and 165 plates 
illustrating the recognized breeds and 
every department of sheep life. Price, 
$1.50 postpaid, or free for a club of four 
subscriptions at $1 each. 
of grass, and then you will have a new 
four-year-old horse when you take him 
up, but do not ever forget the salt. Do 
not give a horse resin or niter under any 
circumstances; if you think that these 
are needed, give him a bran mash and 
raw potatoes for two or three days. 
When the horse first reaches the hands 
of the final purchaser he should be 
handled with the utmost care during the 
first 30 days of his introduction to his 
new home, when he will remain sound 
and make his owner proud of a western- 
raised horse, and wish that he had more 
A $3000. STOCK BOOK FREE 
It contains 183 largo co'ored engravings of Horses, Cattle, Sheep, Hogs and Poultry with an illustrated veterinary department. The engravings 
cost us S34MH). We will mail you one copy free, postage prepaid, if you write ub and answer these four Questions. 1st—Did you 
ever use “international Stock Food” for Horses, Clattle, Sfieep or Hogs? JSnd-Is it for sale in your town in 2MB. pails? 3rd-How many 
head"! stockdoyouown? 4th—Name this paper, ‘^International Stock Food” lsasafe vegetable stimulating tonic and blood purifier. 
It fattens stock in 30 days less time and saves grain. Aids digestion and assimilation. Thousands of farmers feed 500 to 2000 lbs. every year. It makes 
colts, calves, lambs and pigs grow very rapidly and only < 
It cares and prevents many diseases. Always solo 
imitations are on th6 market. Our dealers give 
Largest Stock Food Faetory In the World. 
Capital Paid In, $300,000.00. 
Address | 
INTERNATIONAL FOOD C( 
1 MINNEAPOLIS, 
J, MINN., U. S. A. 
We oeenpy 15 floors,nlse 100x22 feet each, 
in addition tc onr larsrt Printing Dept. 
We 
Food 
own for our ‘‘International Stock Food Farm” three Stallions, Buttonwood 2:17, by Nutwood 2:18V, International Stock 
»df b? H^Iord 2^X»nii Naheola 2:22x. by Lockhart 2=08*. They eat “International Stock Food »* every day. It saves grain. 
