554 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER. 
August 11 
"BRAIN WORK " IN THE LOWER 
ANIMALS. 
Reasoning or “ Inslinct.” 
Part III. 
Extracts from a Lecture by Prof. A. E. Moore. 
Memory of Animals. —That animals 
profit by past experiences, is shown by 
the fact that they have retentive memo¬ 
ries for, or vivid recollections of, past 
events, as well as of persons, places, and 
things. The previously-related case of 
the horse that went to the blacksmith’s 
for relief, illustrates this fact. He re¬ 
membered that the smith was the man 
to remove his shoe, and probably he had 
been relieved of a badly-fitting one be¬ 
fore, and remembered that was the place 
to get relief. I will relate another case' 
of memory which was displayed by an 
elephant. Near my home an elephant 
was kept during the Summer months for 
the purpose of assisting in loading and 
unloading lumber from boats. One day 
a man gave the beast quite a large piece 
of tobacco, which he put into his mouth, 
thinking it was candy. As soon as he 
tasted it he made a spring for the fel¬ 
low, but the man managed to get away 
from the furious animal. The next sea¬ 
son, which was several months after 
this incident, this same man came 
around, and was not thinking about the 
elephant, when suddenly the animal be¬ 
gan to chase the man, who jumped into 
a row boat which was near by, and 
started out into the lake. The elephant 
followed for a long distance, and the 
man barely escaped with his life. The 
memory of the horse and dog is more 
marked than that of other animals, as 
can well be illustrated, both these ani¬ 
mals having the power of remembering 
roads, places, and their masters after a 
long separation. 
Insect Memory. —Among insects, the 
memory of bees and ants is most 
marked. The following example, given 
by Sir John Lubbock, is interesting, and 
is similar to what I have often seen my¬ 
self. In the Autumn some honey was 
placed in a window, which was visited 
by bees in large numbers. The honey 
was removed in the Winter, and shut¬ 
ters closed. When the shutters were 
taken down in the Spring the honey was 
not replaced in tne window, yet the bees, 
after an absence of several months, re¬ 
turned with the ostensible purpose of 
obtaining honey. The memory of the 
ant is, perhaps, even more wonderful; 
in fact, tne intelligence of this little ani¬ 
mal has excited the wonder and admira¬ 
tion of mankind. Darwin remarks that 
its brain is “one of the most marvelous 
atoms of matter in the world, perhaps 
more so than the brain of man.” To 
test the power of memory in this little 
creature, Lubbock first tried keeping an 
ant away from its nest for more than a 
year, and then restoring it. He found 
that it was immediately recognized, and 
caressed by its old friends and asso¬ 
ciates. He repeated these experiments a 
number of times with the same result. 
In order to deceive the ants in the nest, 
a foreigner was introduced in place of 
the one taken away; but the ants imme¬ 
diately detected the deception, and se¬ 
verely treated the intruder. 
Tool-Using Animals. —There is one 
more subject that I would like to men¬ 
tion, and that is the use of tools or in¬ 
struments of any kind for the accom¬ 
plishment of a particular purpose. Cats 
and dogs open doors by pressing the 
latch keys, or cause them to be opened 
by pulling a bell cord. We had a cat 
that, when accidentally shut up in the 
parlor, would jump upon the keyboard 
of the piano, and walk backwards and 
forwards until some one came to let her 
out. Every farmer knows to his fre¬ 
quent vexation, how well cows and 
horses familiarize themselves with open¬ 
ing gates and doors, and taking down 
fences. Crows, gulls, and other birds 
carry shellfish into the air and drop 
them on rocks to break their hard cov¬ 
erings, to obtain the flesh. If the first 
fall does not break them, they carry 
them up still higher, and thus virtually 
striking it a harder blow. It is a well- 
known fact that monkeys living near 
the seashore, where the ebb tide leaves 
the rocks covered with oysters, evince 
extraordinary expertness in opening 
these bivalves with sharp stones, just 
as a man would do under like circum¬ 
stances. It would require only a very 
slight increase of intelligence for a 
monkey to learn to break a stone into 
proper shape, instead of selecting a 
suitable one from the numerous sizes 
and shapes that are lying on the beach. 
Monkeys also use sticks for leverb and 
stones for hammers. A friend of mine 
living in Minnesota owned a steer that 
learned to pump water. Whenever he 
was thirsty he used to go up to the pump 
and work the handle with his horns. He 
must have learned from observation or 
accident, that by working the handle up 
and down it brought water; or possibly 
he might have found it out in scratching 
his head on the handle of the pump. At 
any rate, no one ever knew how he 
learned the art, and he used to pump 
regularly every day. 
In conclusion, I would urge that those 
having the care of dumb animals should 
treat them as friends. We should al¬ 
ways remember that these creatures 
have rights that should be respected. 
We see every day in any city cart horses 
patiently toiling up the slippery hills, 
dragging a double load. If the poor 
creatures only realized their power 
would they take revenge? No, indeed, 
many are too faithful, and put forth 
every effort to serve their ungrateful 
masters. What can be said of that other 
class of persons whose education should 
teach them that neither overdrawn 
checks or docked tails, add to the grace 
and beauty of the noblest of dumb ani¬ 
mals; and that these cruel practices, the 
outcome of a foolish fashion, are relics 
of barbarism? 
SILAGE FOR SUMMER FEEDING. 
I agree with what L. A. C. says on 
page .495 about silage for Summer feed¬ 
ing for the dairy. A few years ago, be¬ 
fore silos were much used, I put up 
three and filled them with corn when 
about ready to glaze, cutting it one-half 
inch long. It kept nicely, but not 
knowing much about the feeding of it, 
I commenced feeding it once a day to 
my cows in milk, then twice a day. It 
did not seem to lower very fast, so I 
commenced to feed my dry cattle, and in 
spite of all I could use, was only able, 
by keeping my milk cows in the stalls 
until June 1, to feed out two of them. 
I never had been able to find anyone 
who kept it over the Summer, or ever 
fed it during the hot, dry weather in 
August and September, but I could not 
feed my third silo out, so made up my 
mind to see how it would come out. 1 
was surprised when I opened it about 
August 1 to find, after the top for a few 
inches was removed, that it was in per¬ 
fect condition for feeding. Cows ate it 
readily, and I never got as good results 
from the dairy with any of the green 
soiling crops, as with the silage. Later 
years I have fed it with equally good 
results. Last year did not finish it in 
time to put in the new, so ran the new 
crop right on top of the old, and it all 
came out sweet and good last Winter. I 
have one siio partly full, which I ex¬ 
pect to open in a few days to help out. 
the dry pastures. I have never made 
a practice of feeding it all Summer, but 
I see no reason why it cannot be done, 
with silos of small diameter, and silage 
corn properly grown, cut, and packed in 
perfectly air-tight silos. If I had known 
30 years ago the value of the corn crop 
put into the silo for dairy feeding, Sum¬ 
mer as well as Winter, it would have 
saved thousands of dollars sent west to 
buy the grain and feed which I have 
used. Build silos, raise corn, raise more 
corn, and keep on raising it, using it 
Summer and Winter, and you will find 
your dairy returns are increased in pro¬ 
portion to the amount of time you spend 
looking after and running your own 
business and your own farm. b. c. p. 
Connecticut. 
Breeders’ Directory. 
ST. LAMBERT and Combination. For sale 5 Cows, 
7 Heifers. 16 Bulls. S. E. NIVLN. Landenburg, Pa, 
Some GOOD young 
JERSEY BULL CALVES 
FOR SALE at fair price*. No PLUGS nor un 
registered for sale at any price. 
R F. SHANNON. 907 Liberty St., Pittsburg. Pa. 
DELLHURST FARM, 
MENTOR, OHIO, 
has nearly 30 Holstein Hull Calves t-o select 
from, and offers sons of PeKol’s Butter Boy No 
19210, Royal Paul 22979 and others, having the much 
talked-of Pauline Paul and DeKol cross. Our Herd 
now numbers 150 head. Stock of all ages and both 
sexes for sale from Advanced Registry cows. 
Chester Whites, Holsteins and Choice E^s. 
A line lot of young sows bred for Fall litters. 
Holstein-Frieslan Bull Calves of extra breeding 
Light Brahma and B. Rock Eggs; 15 for 75 cents. 
CHAS. K. RECORD. Peterboro. N. Y. 
Tiie Ply Nuisance. —I have found no 
practical way of getting rid of the fly 
pest. I am now trying ordinary coal oil, 
put on in a very fine spray by a so-called 
“atomizer,” but am not ready to pass 
judgment yet. Some effective remedy is 
needed, as the flies are a most expensive 
and troublesome nuisance. If all ma¬ 
nure could be carefully cleaned from 
stables and around them twice a day, 
and all droppings broken up in pasture, 
so as to destroy a fertile place for their 
propagation, their increase might be 
held in reasonable check, but farmers 
are busy in fly-time. w. f. mcsparran. 
Thrashing Corn Fodder. —I noticed 
an inquiry about thrashing corn. After 
three consecutive years’ trial, I would 
say don’t. As regards cost, it is a very 
cheap way to do up a corn crop, averag¬ 
ing about five cents per bushel of clear 
grain. One crop had soft ends on the 
cobs, so the grain was rusted, and had to 
be spread and stirred many times. The 
fodder molded considerably, but was 
well eaten by cattle. Second crop was 
perfect, 350 bushels of clean grain from 
6*4 acres. But the fodder molded some¬ 
what, and grain required spreading. 
Third time, similar to the others. A 
common grain separator was used each 
time. All the corn was shelled and 
cleaned from the fodder. Fodder was in 
fine condition to feed except for the 
mold. We are building a silo this Sum¬ 
mer. J. s. B. 
White Crossing, N. Y. 
Sheep Feed. —I have never used 
sorghum as a pasture very much. Rape 
I have used extensively. I always sow 
it with oats. I do not think it is good 
unless sown with other grain, as sheep 
are more apt to bloat on it. If it had a 
good growth, an acre ought to keep 15 
sheep or more. I always sow it four or 
five times at different periods, so as to 
have it fresh. I am sowing rape and 
corn for the last time this year now, 
July 10. I have 20 acres of Australian 
corn and rape, which I intend to turn my 
show sheep in to finish on. This is a 
small com which ripens in 65 days. As 
to bow many sheep and how long I 
would expect them to feed on an acre 
of rape I could not state with accurate 
experience. I have several hundred 
sheep, and never pasture on rape alone; 
always have another for them to run in 
when they tire of rape. I like the Aus¬ 
tralian corn better than rape. 
Brooklyn, Wis. John kivlin. 
Leg and Body Wash. 
Race horses often become sore 
and stiff from continued strain 
on the hard tracks. Nothing takes 
out this stiffness and soreness 
like a wash compounded of di luted 
Tuttle’s Elixir 
apply to the legs and put on light 
bandages.Sponge the body and put 
on light blanket. Guaranteed to 
k produce desired results or money 
_'back. 
Readville Trotting Park, Mass., March 23,1900. 
Dr. S. A. Tuttle, V. S. 
Dear Sir:—I have used your Elixir for the past ten years, Id the 
diluted form for a leg and body wash. I consider it the best wash 
for keeping horses from soring up. Horsesdone up with this wash 
are much less liable to take cold than when done up with witch luzel 
or any other wash I ever used. J. H. NAY. 
Our 100-page book, “Veterinary Experience,” FREE. 
Dr. S. A. TUTTLE, 30 Beverly St., Boston, Mass. 
Beware of so-called Elixirs— none genuine but Tuttle’s. 
Avoid all blisters; they offer only temporary relief if any. 
Shropshire Lambs.—Ewes and Rams, high grades. 
0 extra good, blocky. wel 1 bu i t, for Breeders, August 
delivery. Frlce, $7 to $10 ea. W. A. Lothers, Lack, Fa 
DHI AMfl PUIN A Q—Large strain, purebred, 
rULHnU~UnlllHu Poland-China Pigs for sale 
$5 each when they are eight to ten weeks old. 
F. H. GATES & SONS, Cblttenango, N. Y. 
nn| I 1C DIIDC from registered stock. 
uUblwIC “Ur w Spayed females. Circulars 
free. SILAS DECKER, South Montrose, Pa. 
nr ITU Tfl I IPC on HHN8 and CHICKRN8 
UtLAIn IU LI U L 64-page book *bei. 
D. J. LAMBERT, Box 307, Apponaug, B. 1. 
Death to Heaves, 
Coughs and Distemper, 
is NEWTON’S CUKE. 
Best references. $1 & can. 
* Newton House Remedy 
Co. (Y), Toledo, O. 
LUMP JAW 
Easily and thoroughly cured. 
New, common-sense method, 
not expensive. No eur^ ■« 
pay. FREE. A practical. Ill¬ 
ustrated treatise on the abso¬ 
lute cure of Lump Jaw, free to 
readersof thispaper. 
KlemlncBroo., chemists, 
Union Stock Y.nU, Chicago, III. 
THE CHAIN HANGING 
CATTLE STANCHION. 
The most practical and humane Fastener ever In¬ 
vented. Gives perfect freedom of the head. Illus¬ 
trated Clroular and Price free on application. 
Manufactured by O. H. BOBERT80N, 
Fore*tvill«- Conn. 
COW TIE 
[olds them firmly, draws 
lem forward when lying 
own, pushes back when 
landing, gives freedom 
f head, keeps them clean 
E. O. NEWTON CO. 
£,td 
1 -J 
The Mystic* 
SPRAYEFL 
3 ”§ 
One quart of Killer and a Sprayer furnished 
on receipt of $1.00. Will free cattle of flies. 
Is sure to give satisfaction. 
LEGGETT & BRO., 301 Pearl St., NEW YORK. 
A Darning Machine. 
This is the only successful darning- 
machine we ever saw’. We have tried 
others that were absolutely of no value. 
This one is little short of perfect. It 
enables you to mend underwear, stock¬ 
ings, curtains, table linens, clothing, and 
does an endless variety of art and fancy 
weaving better, easier and quicker than 
by any other way. Full directions ac¬ 
company each machine. When a lady 
has once used this little machine, she 
would not do without it for any con¬ 
sideration. We will send it postpaid for 
$1, or for tw’o new yearly subscriptions 
at SI each. All money returned if not 
satisfied. 
Cattle Comfort 
Keeps Cattle Com¬ 
fortable in Fly Time. 
The annoyance from Flies is one of the largest factors in producing serious shrinkage of Summer 
milk. When once a cow has shrunk in her milk flow, no subsequent feeding will restore it. Sold by 
Merchants and the Seedsmen. Send for Pamphlet. R. HAMMOND, Flshklll-on-Hukson, N. Y. 
