1900 
699 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER. 
EASTERN NEW YORK NOTES. 
The Water Supply of New York city 
has absorbed a large amount of land in 
Putnam County. What is left in the 
eastern section of the county is devoted 
mainly to dairying, with some general 
farming and fruit interests in the bet¬ 
ter parts. For years this district has 
been an uncertain place to live in, as 
one never knew when his land would 
be condemned and taken for the water 
works, and he made to take up his tent 
patriarchal fashion and “move on,” as 
the policemen say. Amusing stories 
might be told of the number of times 
some people have had to move, when 
told to “stand from under” the munici¬ 
pal heel. Of course a fair price was paid 
the owners, but who can set a correct 
value on land within 50 miles of a city 
growing so rapidly as New York? They 
may say what it is worth to-day, but 
what about its value 25 years from now, 
and why snouiu not the farmer have the 
option of either holding his land and en¬ 
joying its increasing value, or, if obliged 
to sell, of aduing to the price a*fair por¬ 
tion of the certain increase? Under or¬ 
dinary circumstances, if one owned rail¬ 
road stock which was steadily going up, 
he would resent any attempt to compel 
a sale at to-day’s figures, regardless of 
what possible profit he might have if 
allowed to hold it. One manufacturing 
concern having a valuable plant on a 
stream wanted by the city authorities 
offered to sell out for $3,000,000; but they 
did not feel inclined to pay so much 
more than the present value, and neither 
did they care to set a price of their own 
and seize the land, as in the case of a 
poor man, knowing that the company 
had money and backbone enough to sift 
the matter to the bottom and get its 
rights. If a farmer got up courage 
enough to make a fight the tactics would 
be to smooth the affair off by giving him 
a jod at big wages for a time. These 
things, while not necessarily dishonest, 
^are merely illustrations of the power 
that a city may get by legislation. But 
then, a man must not, either here or in 
Asia or Africa, hinder the march of 
civilization, even though with greed up¬ 
on its shield, it proposes to take away 
his inherent rights of home and mode of 
living, and grind him and his small as 
dust! 
A Milk Controversy. —The Borden 
people have a condensing plant at Brew¬ 
ster, capable of using a large amount of 
milk. Of late the producers have com¬ 
plained of the low price received, par¬ 
ticularly in dry seasons which cut short 
hay and pasture, and also of the restric¬ 
tions piaced on feeding, the use of sil¬ 
age, brewers’ grains, oil meal and some 
sorts of roots not being allowed; and 
there has been more or less friction in 
Spring and Fail, when the six months 
contracts were to be signed. The details 
of these disagreements have been given 
frequently by the newspapers. This Fall 
more than the usual number of patrons 
stood out for a time, but afterward many 
of them signed the contract. It seems, 
however, that considerable milk will be 
diverted from the condensery. This will 
go to several new bottling and shipping 
stations, one of which, just north of 
Brewster, win get 100 cans per day. There 
are usually two sides to controversies. 
It is unjust for outsiders to condemn 
either party without knowing all of the 
facts; and it is also unwise for either 
party to work up ill-feeling, for nothing 
can be gained by losing one’s temper. 
A man who stands firmly and works for 
his rights, even though he doesn’t get 
them, and still keeps his temper, is in 
a stronger position than if he allowed 
himself to get angry. Water naturally 
seeks a level, and so will trade, if given 
a chance. Where one concern has en¬ 
tire local control of any branch of busi¬ 
ness, there is sure to be dissatisfaction. 
If it does noi take unjust advantage of 
this power, its patrons will suspect that 
it does, and lose confidence. Competi¬ 
tion changes all of this, regulates prices 
and restores confidence. The prepara¬ 
tions being made in some sections to 
handle the milk in creameries and cheese 
factories, and thus become to a certain 
degree independent of the New York 
Milk Exchange, are sure to strengthen 
the position of the farmers. Mere talk 
about withholding the milk does not 
worry the dealers at all; but when they 
see that the farmers can actually dispose 
of their product in some other market 
they will begin to see that they have got 
to do the square thing if they expect to 
continue in business. The stockholders 
in big companies have been used to get¬ 
ting big dividends, and quite naturally 
don t want to get used to not getting 
them. On the other hand, the profits of 
many farmers might be well described 
by the old definition of an atom, an in¬ 
divisible portion of matter, and in some 
cases even this would have a minus sign 
before it. 
Tiie expert Buttermaker. —On the 
trip I met one of these. By this is not 
meant some man with a white apron and 
hat, a steam engine, several carloads of 
dairy tools, numerous starters, etc., but 
the good woman found here and there 
throughout the country, who has the 
knack of making butter better than any¬ 
one else in the vicinty. Perhaps some 
will remember Aunt So-and-So’s butter, 
which was always in demand, selling at 
three or four cents above the market 
price. She probably set the milk in or¬ 
dinary pans, used a dash churn and the 
old-fashioned ladle and bowl. The cows 
might not have been registered, but the 
quality of the butter was, in the minds 
of all who ate it. There are a few 
points to be noticed in all of these ex¬ 
pert home dairies. Everything is clean; 
the cows have plenty of good pasture 
and water; are not shut up in tight 
stables; and don’t have a tired and dis¬ 
couraged look. But just how that but¬ 
ter is made can’t be told, any more than 
an experienced cook could write down 
directions that would ensure anyone’s 
making piecrust, johnnycake, or baked 
Indian pudding equal to hers. There is 
an element of experience in every trade 
that can’t oe written down. It must be 
learned by doing, and it pays well to 
do it. _ w. w. h. 
COW PEAS FOR HAY. 
There seems to be a general impres¬ 
sion that cow peas are very difficult to 
cure for hay. I have not found any trou¬ 
ble in making very superior hay from 
them, and my experience covers several 
years. The present season I cured two 
fields of peas ior hay, and I consider the 
product superior to the very best clover 
hay, ton for ton. It is eagerly eaten by 
horses, cows and young cattle, all of 
whom thrive upon it. The hay is still 
green in color, with nearly all the leaves 
adhering, and is not moldy or musty. 
Perhaps a description of my method of 
harvesting this crop will be of interest. 
I had a field of two acres, from which 
crops of strawberries were gathered in 
1899 and the present season. This field 
had been well manured for the berries, 
and is a medium clay loam with clay 
subsoil. As soon as the last picking of 
strawberries had been made I plowed the 
field and harrowed thoroughly. The 
harrowings were repeated at intervals 
of a few days until the soil was as fine 
and mellow as a garden. On June 29 I 
took my Farmer’s Favorite grain drill 
and drilled the field to cow peas, sowing 
with every tube, and using 1% bushel 
of peas per acre. The variety used was 
the Mt. Olive, an early-maturing, bush 
sort, which has given me excellent re¬ 
sults. After drilling, the ground was 
smoothed off with a plank drag, leaving 
a smooth surface for the mowing ma 
chine, and firming the soil on the fresh 
ly-drilled peas. July 3 those peas were 
up, so that the rows could be distin¬ 
guished clear across the field. I never 
saw a crop grow faster. The weather 
was hot, and the hotter it got the faster 
those peas grew. 
By July 15 they completely covered 
the ground. One could not soe a bare 
spot anywhere. As for weeds, they were 
not in it. September 5 I discovered that 
the earliest pods were beginning to ripen 
and some of the lower leaves were turn¬ 
ing yellow. This is exactly the stage I 
want the peas when I cut for hay; as 
ripe as possible without losing any 
leaves. That afternoon I began cutting, 
and finished next morning. On some of 
the poorer spots the peas stood only 18 
inches high, but on by far the greater 
part, they measured 30 inches high and 
all were heavily podded. The weather 
was hot and sunny. On the afternoon 
of September 7 the uppermost leaves 
were beginning to get brittle, and I 
raked into moderate sized windrows. I 
use the Champion steel rake, which 
leaves the hay the green side up. Sep¬ 
tember 8 we cocked the hay in bunches 
containing about four large forkfuls 
each. September 12 we hauled it into 
the barn. As I said before, the color 
was still green, and the leaves nearly 
all on. From that two acres we hauled 
six large loads, as much as a good strong 
team would haul. We did not weigh 
it, but tuere was not less than six tons. 
Of course, if the crop had been lighter, 
we could have cured ic in less time. It 
will be seen that the field has given a 
fine crop of strawberries, and a heavy 
crop of cow-pea hay this season, and 
is cleared in ample time to sow to wheat, 
rye or Crimson clover. 
Delaware. e. o. Packard. 
Fall Pasture After Corn. 
Is it generally considered that shredding 
fodder increases the feeding value suffi¬ 
cient to pay for the work? If cow peas 
are planted among corn, would they be of 
any value for pasture after the corn was 
taken off for silage? How late could they 
be planted here (southwestern Ohio) to 
make a satisfactory growth in corn that 
would be cut for silage? h. r. g. 
Newport, O. 
We think so. Feeders seem to agree 
that shredding or crushing dry fodder 
increases its feeding value. There is less 
waste. You could sow cow peas at the 
last cultivation of corn or drop the peas 
in every other hill while hoeing. Either 
way will give a fair crop of vines, but it 
will not make a good crop for late pas¬ 
ture. The cow peas are killed by the 
frost. You can sow a mixture of oats 
and rye, or oats, rye and Crimson clover 
at the last cultivation of the corn, and 
obtain excellent Fall pasture after the 
silage corn has been cut. 
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Bare 110 per oow per year. Send for Catalogue. 
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CHICAGO I NSW YORK. 
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All harness, old or new, Is made pltable and easy—will look better 
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The closest skimming, light- £ 
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Use it 
Ten Days Free 
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Machines sent on io days’ approval. 
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Porter’s Humane Bridle. 
NO BIT IN THE HOUSE'S MOUTH 
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Retail Best Grade Nickel, *5.00 
Retail Best Grade Enamel,4.00 
Second Grade Nickel 3.50 
Second Grade Enamel.3.00 
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