73o 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER. 
October 2'i 
Live Stock and Dairy 
THE YOUNG DAIRY MOTHER. 
The practice on the Brown Bessie 
Farm is to nave heifers drop the first 
calf at about two years of age. If the 
heifer is well grown and indicates early 
maturity a month or even two months 
earlier would do no harm. A Jersey or 
Guernsey comes to maturity earlier than 
the beef breeds do, and should be bred 
nearly a year younger. It certainly is 
much oetter for the dairy-breed heifer 
to begin her life work as soon as the age 
of two years. If she is well grown, as 
jhe should be at two years, she is all 
right to begin business. If allowed to 
go another year she will be liable to be¬ 
come quite tat, and her dairy tenden¬ 
cies will be diverted toward the produc¬ 
tion of beef. I am of the opinion that a 
heifer will develop into a better cow at 
maturity by coming to the pail at two 
years of age. If a heifer should be two 
years old any time from December 15 
to January 30, and was well grown, I 
would breed her to freshen the early 
part of November previously. This in 
Wisconsin would bring her to milk be¬ 
fore very cold weather, and she would 
do much better than to freshen in Win¬ 
ter weather. Again, if she was to be 
two years old in February or March I 
would carry her over until warm weath¬ 
er of Spring, which would bring her to 
26 moniiis old. The very best time for 
the heifer to do justice to herself is to 
bring forth her first calf from May 15 
to July 1. The very hot weather from 
July 15 to September lo is a very unde¬ 
sirable season for heifer to freshen. Hot 
weather and flies, many times short pas¬ 
ture and always a very busy time with 
other farm work, cause the young 
mother to be neglected. I am pleased 
with results we have obtained from 
feeding neifers a good allowance of oats 
and bran for two months before drop¬ 
ping their first calves. I believe this is 
a wise practice, and will Jesuit in no 
harm. The time of year she freshens 
is not so important after all as the kind 
of treatment, care and nursing she re¬ 
ceives at the hands of the owner for a 
few weeks after she freshens. This is 
really the time when all the skill and 
judgment of a painstaking and wise 
dairyman should be brought into use, 
and the young mother carefully nursed 
and petted ana fed up to her full capac¬ 
ity of assimilating. H. c. taylor. 
Oxfordsville, Wis. 
I have not had much experience in 
cooking food for stock, except feeding 
the chickens cooked potatoes now and 
then. When potatoes are cheap I believe 
it pays to cook them for fowls or hogs. 
My father made it a practice to cook his 
small potatoes for his hogs, then mixing 
the cornmeal with it before feeding, but 
where a number are to be fed consider¬ 
able time must be taken to prepare such 
feed, juverybody is in a hurry when 
feeding time comes, you know. 
Farmer, N. Y. w. a. b. 
APPLES AND SHEEP FEEDING. 
We have no trouble in selling wind¬ 
fall apples at dry houses, or for cider 
purposes. A canning factory here also 
occasionally uses them. By referring to 
my books 1 find that an average price 
of 28 cents per hundredweight has been 
paid here for the past 10 years; this in¬ 
cludes cider apples. I have given up the 
practice of pasturing sheep and hogs in 
my orchard for the reason that they eat 
so many apples off the lower limbs. The 
sheep also injured the lower limbs by 
nibbling off the leaves and buds. If you 
could have seen my orchard tnis Fall 
you would readily say that a flock of 
sheep could easily eat 400 or 500 bushels 
of apples off the trees. My trees are 
largely Greenings, which are drooping. 
The question of sheep feeding from now 
until Winter is a serious problem this 
year. I will admit that a sod orchard 
comes in pretty handy for this purpose. 
Last season I sowed rape in the orchard 
about August 1, and it did very well, 
and the sheep liked it, but this year it 
was too dry all Summer for rape or any 
other seed to germinate. When the sea¬ 
son is not too dry I believe that rape, 
rye, or even oats sown in cornfields or 
orchards in August would make good 
Fall pasture for sheep. 
DISEASES OF SHEEP—SCAB. 
This is not a new disease by any 
means. History records the fact that it 
existed then as it does now, 2,000 years 
ago in southern Europe. It was a ter¬ 
rible disease then, as it was incurable, 
and of course uncontrolled before 
science gave the true statement and 
showed the way to control the myster¬ 
ious disease. Scab is a skin disease 
similar to itch in the human family, and 
mange with dogs and other animals. 
It takes its name from the appearances 
of the skin, where the scab mites bur¬ 
row in the skin to deposit their eggs. 
These mites are too small to be seen by 
the natural eye. Until the microscope 
was brought to the aid of man the scab 
was a mystery. Scab is catching, won¬ 
derfully so. The greatest difficulty in 
curing a scabby flock is the fact that 
not alone the sheep but surroundings 
are possessed, everytning with which 
they come in contact; even the ground 
where they lie and often scratch and 
writhe in agony, contains the mites 
ready to take up with their host again. 
It is not known how long these mites 
can live when absent from the sheep, 
but it is safe to conclude, under most 
favorable conditions, they may live for 
weeks, and in warm climate and in 
trashy manure for months. I suspect 
the shipping of scabby sheep on cars, 
through stockyards, even on the public 
roads, leave trails unsuspected of dis¬ 
ease. Sheep shearers and sheep buyers 
have been known to introduce the scab 
mites into clean flocks by carrying 
them in their clothes. This is why there 
is so much dread of the disease. A 
sheepman never knows when his sheep 
are exposed. 
Will the scab ever be exterminated? 
Yes, when the disease is better known 
and intelligently guarded against. Aus¬ 
tralia is encouraged in the effort. Very 
strenuous laws are enacted; severe pen¬ 
alties are enforced by the government 
and much has been done along that line. 
England, too, is working to free flocks 
from scab. Some of the Western States 
have laws on the subject, and we hope 
for good work. The National Govern¬ 
ment, through the Bureau of Animal 
Industry of the Department of Agricul¬ 
ture, has taken the eradication, at least 
control of scab, in hand. Dipping sta¬ 
tions at central points are enforced, so 
far as Federal law can avail. When the 
sovereign States take hold in earnest 
the work will be done. All this must 
depend on the people. They must be 
informed on the subject, not only com¬ 
mercially, but scientifically as to the 
scab mite and its habits. 
Ine Cooper Sheep Dip Co., 142 Illi¬ 
nois street, Chicago, Ill., are gratuitous¬ 
ly distributing a plain and valuable 
book on this subject to all who ask for 
B. M. BELL. 
Heifer’s First Calf.— The best age for 
a heifer to have her first calf is two years. 
They usually get larger and develop a ten¬ 
dency to carry more flesh if they do not 
calve until three years old. It has been my 
experience that a heifer bred to drop her 
first at two years, usually makes the best 
cow. I prefer that my heifers drop their 
first calf in Summer. john e. robbii^, 
Greensburg, Ind. ^ 
Take Care of the Cow. —Many thou¬ 
sands of dollars will be lost during the 
next few weeks by farmers unless more 
attention is paid to the comfort and 
feeding of their dairy herds than has 
been the case in the past. Frequently 
warm days are followed by cold nights, 
which give the highly nervous organi¬ 
zation of the milch cow such a severe 
shock that the milk yield (milk secre¬ 
tion being essentially a nervous func¬ 
tion) is at once seriously affected. Then 
come the cold, rainy days, followed by 
nights still more dull and drear, and the 
poor, hard-working cow is left to endure 
it all as best she may. The milk yield 
falls off rapidly, and the farmer sighs 
as he notes the lessening flow, wrong¬ 
ly attributing this sad state of affairs 
to nature instead of blaming his own 
negligence and mistaken economy. 
Every little attention conducive to 
the comfort of the cow will be much 
more than repaid in the increased, 
or, at least, sustained milk flow. To 
feed the cow a supplementary ration 
sufficient to maintain a good flow of 
milk is somewhat expensive, but if the 
cow is one worth keeping at all the in¬ 
creased expenditure for food, like the 
extra attention, will De much more than 
returned to the feeder. j. h. g. 
Root Cutters.—I have used a root cut¬ 
ter, and I think they are valuable ma¬ 
chines, as they prevent all danger of ani¬ 
mals being choked, and they eat the roots 
much more readily. I have only used it in 
cutting turnips. Mihe merely gouges out 
the roots, instead of slicing them, and 
would cut a bushel in rather less than a 
minute. The gouge-shaped knives are 
shaped thus, U, and set in a cylinder. 
They gouge out strips in large turnips 
about 114 inch diameter. R. s. H. 
It Gave Quick and Permanent Relief. 
Mrs. CLAUDE F. SCHIERHOLZ, Ogden. Iowa. May 
2ti. 1899, writes: 
Two years ago I suffered greatly from Asthma. I 
then began taking Jayne’s Expectorant, which gave 
me quick and permanent relief. I cannot praise the 
remedy too highly, and WOULD UPON NO ACCOUNT 
BE WITHOUT IT.— Adv. 
Horse Owners! Use 
GOMBAULT’S 
Caustic 
Balsam 
_ 1 Safe Speedy and Positive Core 
The Safest, Beat BLISTER ever used. Takes 
the place of all llbiments for mild or severe action. 
Removes Bunches or Blemishes from Horiei 
and Cattle. SUPERSEDES ALL CAUTERY 
OR PIRINC* Impossible to product scar or blemish. 
Every bottle sold is warranted to give satisfaction 
Price $1.50 per bottle. Sold by druggists, or 
sent by express, charges paid, with full directions 
for its use. Send for descriptive circulars. 
THE LA WHENCE- WILLI AMS CO.. Cleveland O. 
'J'he 
Most Successful 
REMEDY 
KENDALL'S" 
.SPAVIN CURE' 
Sul 
The old reliable remedy for Spavins Ring¬ 
bones, Splints, Curbs, etc., and all forms of 
Lameness. It relieves immediately, and works a 
permanent cure in a short time. It leaves no 'Flem¬ 
ish or bunch, but strong, clear legs, which mea. "• a 
salable horse. Investigate and satisfy yoursei,'. 
Price, 91; six for $5. As a liniment for family use it 
has no equal. Ask your druggist for KEN¬ 
DALL’S SPAVIN CURE, also “A Treatise on 
the Horse,” the Book free, or address 
DR.B.J. KENDALL CO.. ENOSBURG FALLS.Vt. 
Breeders’ Directory. 
DOUBLE THE PROFI1 
can be seeure< 
properly fed. 
best egg produ 
or summer. No 
DANDY 
can be secured from hens in winterif 
properly fed. Green Gut Bone is the 
best egg producing food winter 
or summer. Nothing equals the 
_‘W 
tor preparing bone. Cut pieces so 
that chicks or mature fowls can 
eat it easily and without danger of 
ehoking. Hand and power omblned, — 
or both. Turn easy—cut fast. Catalogue and prices free 
Stratton Mfg. Co., Box 18 » Erie, Penna 
Of|n Ferrets for sale. Small, medium and large size 
aUU Some trained. N. A. Knapp. Rochester, Ohio. 
CEDDETC— Flrst - class stock, w. j. wood. 
I EH IlL Id Box 211. New London. Ohio. 
MU T Tp pTipC — Spayed Females. Circulars. 
./IILLIE/ rUrO Silas Decker, South Montrose,Pa 
Fine Jack and Jennet cheap. Also, 
six registered Shetland Ponies. 
L. I). ATWATER, Waverly. N. Y. 
How to Have Healthy Chicks the 
Veak Around. Receipt for 10 cents. 
H. F. LINDERMAN, Haysville. Pa. 
tpor Sale—A fine lot of Fall and Winter breeding 
" birds. W. & B. Rocks; W. & Br. Leghorns; W. 
Wyan. Stamp. MrB. F. P. Helling*. Dover, Del 
DflITI TT)V QTTPPT TP^f OYSTER SHELLS 30c. ahd 
rV/ULlIVl ourr LIDO 50c. per }oo. Send for com¬ 
plete list. J. H. SLACK, Manufr,, Bloomsbury, N. J 
■Derksliires, Chester W., and Poland C. Pigs. 
•^Best strains; good pedigree; pairs not akin. $3 and 
up. Good Shropshire Ewes. W. A. Lothers, Lack, Pa. 
"e'er well-built, well marked, growthy, English 
Berkshire male pigs, of large strains, descending 
from King Lee, Flt.zcurzon, etc.; also Buff Plymouth 
Rock Cockerels, at 90 cents each, write to 
J. B. MILLER, Grantsville. Md. 
f Choice young Sowb and 
Aliroilinro l Pigs In pairs not related. 
U|w\H|Ulw \ Also. Shropshire Bucks 
U M Lull | II LO / and Eweslfor sale. 
( Ed.S. Hill, Peruville.N.Y 
Chester Whites, Holsteins and Choice Eggs. 
A fine lot of young sows bred for Fall litters. 
Holstein-Friesian Bull Calves of extra breeding 
Light Brahma and B. Rock Eggs; 15 for 75 cents. 
CHAS. K. RECORD. Peterboro, N. Y. 
VnDlfCUIDEQ For ® ale > head of York- 
1 UIHVOnllkCd shires, the large white breed; 
best for bacon, family use and early market. Bred 
Sows, young Gilts and Boars. Pairs not akin- 
registered. HILLS & PRICE, Delaware, Ohio. 
Shropshiies and SoutMowns-J??!? KT, 
quality. J. C. DUNCAN, Lewiston, N. Y. 
■NTATIONAL DELAINE MERINOS. BLACK-TOP 
SPANISH MERINOS. 8HROPSHIRES. RAMS 
AND EWES. All Registered. Correspondence 
solicited. M, C. MULKiN. Friendship, N. Y. 
flHENANGO VALLEY STOCK FAKM8, Greene N 
(j Y.—Dutch Belted and Jersey Cattle; Dorset and 
Ramboulllet Sheep; Poland-China, Jersey Red and 
Suffolk Pigs. Land and Water Fowls. Hens’ 
Eggs, 60c. per dozen: 10 kinds; standard bred. 
mirDIICCV Rllll FOR SALE. — Henrye No. 
UlltllnOCI DULL 5402; dropped January 10 
1898; sire Frisian No. 4509; dam Alwilda No. 6102 
Vet. certificate. Price $150. Address 
MRS. LAWTON, Port Ewen-on-Hudson, N. Y. 
150 Dellhurst Holsteins 
for sale, including young Cows, Heifers and a 
great lot of BULL CALVES—several now ready 
for service—sons of “DeKol’s Butter Boy”, and 
the famous “ Royal Paul ” out of advanced Re¬ 
gistry cows. Catalogue. 
DELLHURST FARM, Mentor, Ohio. 
Some GOOD young 
JERSEY BOLL CALVES 
FOB SALE at fair prloes. No PLUGS nor un 
registered for sale at any prioe. _ 
R. F. BHANNON, 907 Liberty 8t., Pittsburg, Pa. 
Sale of Registered Jerseys. 
Executor's Sale. Thursday, November 1. at noon. 
Herd of 21 tine Registered Jerseys, from the follow¬ 
ing well-known strains: Coomassie 11909, Nye 067, 
Stoke l’ogis 3d 2238, Niobe 99 (tirst prize-winner at 
Centennial:: also some calves. Also, large liock of 
pure Barred Plymouth Rock Fowls, exceptionally 
fine bred. Farm has been sold. Sale positive. 
ESTATE OF F. C. BIDDLE. 
Chadd's Ford, Pa. (five miles south of West Chester) 
MAKES 
nCATU Tfl I IPC 0° HENS and CHICKBN8 
ULAIII IU LlUL 64-page book rail. 
D. J. LAMBHRT, Box 307, Apponang, B. 1. 
QUIET CATTLE 
Double Power 
V-BLADE 
cuts all 
round horn. 
LEAVITT MFC. CO.. TUSCOLA, ILL 
LATEST — (Newton’s Patent.) 
Every 
Dehorner 
improved ~ Guaranteed 
THOUSANDS IN USE. 
Ask your hardware dealer for them or write 
1L II. BROWN MFG. CO., - - DECATUR, ILL. 
LIFE PRODUCERS 
SUCCESSFUL INCUBATORS. 
LIFE PRESERVERS 
SUCCESSFUL BROODERS. 
All about them in our 154 page cata- 
. =w logue. Mailed for 6 cents m stamps. 
DES MOINES INCUBATOR CO., Box’,:) Des Moines, la. 
The BEST REGULATOR 
is the original pattern we nse on toe 
P INELAND 
INCUBATOR. 
In connection with it we have the 
most scientific method of venti¬ 
lation. Catalog free. Send foi It. _ 
Pineland Inch. & Brooder Co., Bo:P, Jamesburg, H.J. 
LOTS OF MEANS LOTS OF MONEY. 
MANN’S NEW BONE CUTTERS 
are the difference between profit and loss in the poultry business. Cut fine, iast and easy. 
IMann’s Clover Cutters, Granite Crystal Grit and Swinging k ^d Tray s make the 
business profitable. Catalogue free. F. W. MANN CO., Box 15 MILFORD, MASS, 
