1900 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER 
867 
HOPE FARM MOTES. 
Timber Notes. —I have referred to the 
chestnut and White oak timber in our 
woods. There are many trees large 
enough for telephone poles. We did not 
intend to cut any of these trees, but I 
see that some of them have dead 
branches at the top. They are going, 
and it’s time to dispose of them. So 
when a careful man came along and of¬ 
fered $2 for some of these veterans the 
Madame finally made a trial sale of 50. 
If they can be taken out so as not to 
ruin the .young trees they should be cut 
when “ripe.” Such poles are worth $5 
or $6 cut and delivered at the telephone 
line. The usual price for the standing 
timber is about one-third the final price. 
We have no facilities for hauling, and it 
pays us better to sell the standing trees. 
We have the top for fuel. The money 
comes in well at tax-paying time. I hope 
to live long enough to see at least one 
more crop of poles grow up from these 
stumps. These trees have stood for 
years idly—now let them go to work for 
society. I wish every human individual 
that I have tried to start from idleness 
into work would pay $2 as these trees 
have done. 
House-Warming. —No use talking, the 
problem of heating the farmhouse prop¬ 
erly is a tough one. At present we de¬ 
pend on stoves. A big wood stove and 
a coal burner provide for two largo 
rooms downstairs. Holes for registers 
are cut in the floors directly over these 
stoves, so that the upper rooms are 
made fairly comfortable. This scheme 
of conducting heat through a register 
from an open room without a flue is not 
very satisfactory. We have found it bet¬ 
ter to run the stove pipe up to the upper 
room and connect a Rochester radiator. 
This gives great economy of heat. In 
one upper room we are obliged to use 
an oil stove. There is an open fireplace 
in the lower front room, but it is built 
in so that nearly all the heat goes 
straight up the chimney. You may sit 
before it and freeze your back, while 
you roast your shins. Last week I vis¬ 
ited a large farmer who has a steam 
boiler in a place centrally located for 
house and barns. From this steam is 
piped to the house for heating, to the 
barn for turning a motor, and for heat¬ 
ing water and cooking feed. This struck 
me as about an ideal arrangement for 
those who have work enough to pay in¬ 
terest on the boiler. 
Account of Stock. —We are making 
a careful list of all stock, tools and sup¬ 
plies at Hope Farm. Next year I hope 
to keep a more complete system of ac¬ 
counts. In figuring up our assets I am 
surprised to see how rapidly stuff accu¬ 
mulates on a farm. Another thing that 
puzzles me is the value to place on ani¬ 
mals. For example, we have two daugh¬ 
ters of the old cow. They have grown 
up mostly on scraps of pasture, fodder, 
skim-milk and a little grain. The grain 
represents the only cash outlay, as the 
other food was not salable. It would be 
impossible to tell what this heifer and 
calf have cost, yet what value shall we 
put on them? It would not be fair to say 
they are worth what they would sell for 
now, because this is not a good time to 
sell. Our own estimate of their value 
might be too high—at the same time 
they represent part of the returns from 
last year’s farming, and if we are to 
charge all cash expenses we must give 
some value to increase or improvement 
in stock. Another thing—are our horses 
worth more or less than one year ago? 
How is the difference in value esti¬ 
mated? I would like to know how peo¬ 
ple who have most of their property in 
live stock estimate such changes in value 
from year to year. Again, the returns 
from a good share of our labor and fer¬ 
tilizer are represented by the corn crop. 
The fodder will represent 80 per cent 
of our roughage up to April 1, and the 
grain will supply about 70 per cent of 
the solid feed. Last year I had to buy 
fill the grain. Shall I say that my corn 
is worth what I would have to pay in 
cash if I did not have it? Is the corn 
fodder worth what it would cost me in 
cash to buy hay until April? I thought 
at one time that it paid to buy fodder 
and raise cash crops entirely. In our 
present situation that system is wrong. 
Ale Sorts. —The ground is now frozen 
solid. I regret to say that we did not 
finish the drain from the house before 
Jack Frost came. We struck a ledge of 
rock which requires blasting before we 
can get down to the cellar level. . . . 
Last year the cold weather caught us 
with unprotected water pipes and we 
had a bad time. This year we banked 
up in time, everything was under cover, 
and all living things had a warm nest or 
bed. . . . We had a good proportion 
of soft heads of cabbage, which were 
wanted for Winter feeding. We had no 
pit, but up on the face of the hill is a 
deep corner where two high stone walls 
meet. They are both well banked up. 
and so we piled the cabbage in this deep 
corner, put in a barrel for ventilator and 
thatched it all over with poles and 
shocks of corn fodder that had blown 
down in the field. Several thousand 
small hard heads were packed in a build¬ 
ing formerly used for a chicken house. 
They are selling at fair prices. . . . 
Just now the chief work on the farm is 
hauling wood. I have invested in a 
table saw, and we are gathering a great 
pile of wood to provide a feast for that 
saw. Our plan is to run the saw with a 
tread horse-power borrowed from a 
neighbor. 
Manure Problems. —I shall have more 
manure than ever this year, and it is in 
good shape. The pigs have worked it 
over again and again. The cabbage crop 
has paid us so well this year that I plan 
to plant more than ever another season. 
inow cabbage and corn are the two crops 
on which we prefer to use manure. Our 
pigs have been fed on cabbage constant¬ 
ly since September, and I do not dare 
use the manure for next year’s cabbage 
crop. I feel sure that such use would be 
a certain invitation to club-root and rot. 
Our plan is to grow corn on the back 
fields of the farm where cow-pea vines 
are plowed under. There is a very steep 
hill between these fields, and the barn, 
and I do not believe it pays to haul ma¬ 
nure so far. I would prefer manure for 
cabbage, but I am satisfied that our ma¬ 
nure this year is not at all suited to that 
crop. I expect now to haul during the 
Wintei and spread on the rye—then 
when the rye is about half grown plow 
all under for potatoes. By using sulphur 
freely on the seed pieces I think the scab 
can be kept down. I would like to try 
a crop of onions some day. I am sorry 
to say that much of our manure is mixed 
with long stalks. The pigs tear and 
crush some of them up, but not all. In 
a short time now I hope to cut or shred 
all the fodder before it is fed. The 
horses will eat more, and the manure 
will be greatly improved. We are often 
asked why we let pigs run on the ma¬ 
nure pile. We feed some ear corn, and 
with old horses quite a little of it is not 
digested. The pigs save all this. They 
also work the pile over; fine it, make it 
more available and easier to handle. 
h. w. c. 
Peach Trees in Sod. —The article by 
H. M. Stringfellow, December 8, reminds 
me that in 1875 my father and I started 
90 two-year-old peach trees. The hard 
Winters of 1883-4 killed about half of 
them, and 26 are still living, growing 
and healthy. They were never culti¬ 
vated since the first season. The farm, 
poultry has always had the run of the 
orchard, and the ground has been cov¬ 
ered with a thick Blue-grass sod for 
over 20 years. Since the orchard had: 
half the trees killed, we sold in each of! 
two seasons over $200 worth of peaches, 
from the remainder. They never miss a> 
crop excepting in years of absolute fail¬ 
ure all over the country, and often bear- 
good crops when there are no other: 
peaches near us. Most of the trees are 
wrecks from breaking down with over¬ 
loads of fruit, but they bid fair to make 
several good crops. a. d. lyon. 
Ohio. 
Hog Manure and Cabbage. —In a lo¬ 
cality and soil where the club-root is 
likely to infest largely a cabbage crop, 
I should be loath to apply hog manure, 
I do not know that it has been decisive¬ 
ly shown that such manure contains and 
actually conveys the disease, but I 
should much prefer to use a dressing of 
lime or bone dust, or both, to the hog¬ 
pen manure. If the crop has not been 
grown too frequently on the field, if a 
good rotation of crops has been follow¬ 
ed, and clover or a good sod plowed in 
recently, and the locality is not given to 
growing club-root, then hog manure 
might give a good crop. But then I 
should place good stable or barnyard 
manure ahead of it. Bone dust, with its 
phosphoric acid and lime, is first-rate. 
If hogs have not been fed liberally on 
grain their manure is no better than 
that from other animals, nor as good as 
from grain-fed stock with the added hu¬ 
mus which their bedding and waste of 
fodder gives. You can’t “cabbage” or 
“potato” land all the time and get good 
crops. Rotation is a law not to be ig¬ 
nored in successful farming, o. f. w. 
Fairport, N. Y. 
Home Baking Powder. —You do not, I 
notice, afford a farmer any encourage¬ 
ment to mix his own baking powder. It 
does not seem to me to be as difficult a 
job as you think it. I speak from per¬ 
sonal experience. The materials to be 
used and the quantity of each are: 
Cream of tartar, nine parts; corn starch, 
nine parts; tartaric acid, six parts; bi¬ 
carbonate of soda, 10 parts. Care must 
be taken to see that all are finely pow¬ 
dered and perfectly dry. Throw all to¬ 
gether on a large sheet of paper. Then 
by raising first one side and then an¬ 
other in regular succession the mass 
may be rolled over on itself this way 
and that until the ingredients are fairly 
well mixed. But to make sure that the 
mixture is perfect and quite free from 
lumps let it be run a time or two through 
a flour sifter. Keep in a well-corked 
bottle or air-tight jar. Made in this 
way, of pure materials purchased at 
wholesale, baking powder would cost a 
few cents less than 20 cents per pound. 
The chief advantage to be gained by 
home mixing is the increased assur¬ 
ance It affords that the article obtained 
will prove purer and better; that is to 
say free from harmful adulterants, and 
more effective for the purpose intended. 
Ontario, Canada. w. o. e. 
Texas Farm and Ranch thinks that at 
$750 per share, Standard oil Is “live stock.” 
Australian butter Is being shipped 
regularly to Great Britain, and now the 
Colonial Agricultural Department is pre¬ 
paring to make trial shipments of cheese. 
Every effort Is being made to encourage 
dairy industries in the Australian colonies, 
as in Canada. 
DISEASE 
fRDUfN Bon* Gutter 
Ullw If II for catting grttn 
tonet. For the poultrvm.n. Best in the world. 
Lotceet In price. Sena for circular and taati- 
oniala. Wilson Bros., EASTON) f A. 
Mg||tC Cpre are worth more than twice as much In/ 
n£N w CUUd winter as In summer. Yon can. 
have plenty of eggs all winter It yon feed Green Cut' 
adam , 
It's the only bone M U M 111 CUTTER.I 
cutter made with ball bearing*. This makes it runf 
easier than any other. Cuts hard and soft bone without choking. 
Easy to keep clean for it cleans itself. Made for hand and power* 
Send for free catalogue No. 33. W. J. ADAM, Joliet, III. 
Read our 
GUARANTEE 
Egg Record Book Free. 
Our new free catalogue contains a 12-page 
egg record, enabling you to keep track of 
what your hens do. It also describes the 
Humphrey 
Green Bone and 
Gutter 
guaranteed to cut more bone in less time and 
with less labor than any other cutter made. 
Your money back if you’re not satisfied. - 
Humphrey &. Sons, Box 39 , Joliet, 111*. 
T m reive Hens 
and a STEARNS BONE CUTTER will pro¬ 
duce more eggs than twenty hens on other 
feed. Properly prepared green cut bone 
increases lay from fifty to several hun¬ 
dred per cent. Send for book “ How 
to Make Poultry Pay. and catalogue of 
bone cutters, grit crushers, etc., free. 
E. C. STEARNS & CO , Box 20 Syracuse. N. V. 
LOTS OF EGGS 
winter, summer and all the time* 
Properly fed, Green Cut Bone makes a steady 
layer of any hen. She will lay double the eggs. 
MANN’S NEW BONE CUTTER 
cuts It finer, fuater and easier than any other 
and they break less and last longer. We make 
A CLOVER CUTTER that actually 
cut* clover— no plaything. Also Mann’s C’ryBta. 
Grit and Swinging Feed Trays. Catalogue Free, 
P. W. MANN CO., Box IS, Milford, Mast. 
DOUBLE THE PRO Fit 
cun be secured from hensin winterlt 
properly fed. Green Cut Bone Is the 
best egg producing food winter 
or summer. Nothing equals the. 
DANDY 6 T$rAV E 
for preparing bone. Cut pieces so 
that chicks or mature fowls cun, 
eat It easily and without drnger of 
choking. Hand and power omhined.Va 
or both. Turn easy—cut fast. Catalogue and price* CrM 
Stratton Mfg. Co., Box is , Erie* Penna 
! 
I 
KM 
LkU| 
SEND FOR FREE CATALOGUE. 
Prairie State lncnbator C*. 
Homer Oily, Pa. 
INCUBATORS 
From 85.00 Up. 
BROODERS FROM $3.80 UP. 
Free Catalogue. 
L. A. BANTA, Llgonier, lnd. 
SPECIAL PRICES 
BO Day. Trial on 
UAIir CIIPII Incubators 
NURC-OUUn and Brooders. 
Self r.gnl.ting. Automatic 
tray. Perfect ventilation. 
810 and up. Fully _ 
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200-Egg Incubator 
for $12.00 
Perfect in construction and 
action. Hatches every fertile 
Write for catalogue to-day. 
H. STAHL, Quincy, III. 
VICTOR 
INCUBATORS 
are made in many sizes to meet 
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self-regulating. Circular free; 
catalogue 6 cents. 
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PINELAND 
INCUBATORS Don't forget the name 
have the most scientific system ot ven¬ 
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and discomfort are not-ease 
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You may as well be comfort¬ 
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for you and for them. 
If your ill health is caused 
by imperfect digestion, try 
Scott’s emulsion of cod-liver 
■oil. It does what it does by 
getting the stomach going 
right. 
We’ll send you a little to try if you like. 
SCOTT & BOWNE, 409 Pearl street, New York. 
SELF-REGULATING 
We have a perfect system of regulating 
temperature and moisture. 
■ ■Dll | A INCUBATORS 
mSHILLA and BROODERS 
[are guaranteed. Your money back if 
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MARILLAINCUBATOR CO., Box 45 Bos* HIII.N.Y. 
YOU OUGHT TO KNOW 
everything between the cover, 
of our 
CENTURY POULTRY BOOK 
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Reliable Incubator* and Krooder*. which are known 
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INCUBATORS tukFARIVI 
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SURE HATCH INCUBATOR CO., Clay Center, Nebraik* 
