4 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER 
January 4 
FARMERS CLUB 
[Every query must be accompanied by 
the name and address of the writer to in¬ 
sure attention. Before asking a question, 
please see whether it is not answered in 
our advertising columns. Ask only a few 
questions at one time. Put questions on a 
separate piece of paper.] 
How to Treat Hen Manure. 
H. I. I., Swarthmore, Pa .—I have a dozer, 
barrels of chicken manure that I want to 
use broadcast on my garden next Spring. 
It is dry, and mixed with the land plaster 
that I use under the roosts. What shall 
I add to make a complete fertilizer, and 
how can I reduce it to a powder without 
running it through a mill or pounding with 
the back of a shovel? Can it be got into 
suitable condition by putting in heaps, wet¬ 
ting and covering with earth? What is 
the largest safe amount to use per acre? 
Ans.— We have found it most satis¬ 
factory to crush or grind the hen ma¬ 
nure as fine as possible and mix it with 
chemicals. Hen manure is strong in ni¬ 
trogen and relatively weak in potash 
and phosphoric acid. The hard chunks 
may be crushed or broken up on a hard 
floor by striking them with a heavy 
shovel or maul. Then sift them through 
a wire sieve. A mixture of 800 pounds 
sifted hen manure, 200 pounds muriate 
of potash, 600 pounds dissolved rock, 200 
pounds fine ground bone and 200 pounds 
nitrate of soda will make a good dress¬ 
ing for any crop. One ton per acre 
would be the limit. 
Notes on Chestnuts and Walnuts. 
E. M. B., Brooklyn, N. 7.— 1. Is it proven 
that the Scott Spanish chestnut is free 
from the weevil? 2. In quoted article from 
R. N.-Y. I noticed the following: “Luther 
Burbank has chosen two (Japan chestnuts) 
out of a lot of 10,000 that he considered good 
in all respects. These are now owned and 
are being grafted extensively by two gentle¬ 
men of Connecticut.” Can you tell any 
particulars as to the success of this ex¬ 
periment? 3. Can a pecan of good quality 
and also English walnut, be grown on cen¬ 
tral Long Island? 4. Do you know of any 
successful fruiting of Juglans Sieboldi? 
Ans.— 1. The variety of chestnut of 
the Spanish type which is called Scott 
I have never known, but I feel sure that 
it is no more free from tne Chestnut 
weevil than others. A weevil-proof 
chestnut is one that is made of tin or 
some other equally unattractive ma¬ 
terial. This pest is the bane of chestnut 
culture, and it is far worse in the sec¬ 
tions where the chestnut grows wild 
than elsewhere, because of the presence 
of the beetles there in great numbers. 
In some places where they are not native 
there are few or none of them, and it 
may be that this Scott chestnut has been 
grown under such circumstances, and if 
so, then it is easy to account for its not 
being affected by the weevil. Speaking 
of Chestnut weevil reminds me of what 
a friend told me this Winter when I 
was in the Blue Ridge Mountains in Vir¬ 
ginia recently. She said that she once 
put about a pint of salt in a bag of 
chestnuts just after they were gathered, 
to see what it would do towards pre¬ 
venting mold. It was stirred all 
through them, and it not only prevented 
mold, but it kept them soft all Winter 
and there was not a worm in them. She 
thought it killed the little worms and 
eggs that had not yet hatched. This is 
something we must try next Pall when 
we gather and store our cnestnuits for 
home use. 2. The varieties of the Japan 
type of chestnut originated by Luther 
Burbank and sold to Connecticut parties 
are doing very well. They are exceed¬ 
ing productive. 3. There is no doubt 
that good pecans may be grown in any 
section of Long Island where the soil is 
good, but the varieties must be hardier 
than those that are usually found in the 
South, and very early in ripening. The 
trees usually do not bear before they are 
about 15 years old. There are trees of 
the Persian (so-called English) walnut 
in bearing in several places in the State 
of New York, and if the right varieties 
are grown there need be no fears about 
their success. The best plan is to get 
seeds from the bearing trees in the 
Northern States, because they are likely 
to produce others like them. 4. There 
are many bearing trees of the Japan 
walnut known as Sieboldi in various 
parts of the country. The tree grows 
rapidly, is hardy and healtny, but the 
nuts are not of much value, because of 
their hard shells and small amount of 
kernel. The kind of Japan walnut called 
Juglans cordiformis has a smaller but 
much better nut, and the tree is equal 
to the former in all respects, h.e.v.d. 
THE OHIO HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY 
Part II. 
It is painful to record the variable reports 
of Campbell’s Early grape. The vine is 
said by many to be a slow, weak grower. 
It does well, however, when grafted upon 
the root of some strong growing variety 
like Concord. The McPike, too, has dis¬ 
appointed many growers. Vines from 
headquarters have, in several cases, borne 
fruit so inferior in size of bunch and berry, 
that it could not be recognized as the same 
variety shown by its disseminator at vari¬ 
ous expositions. Johnson’s Early straw¬ 
berry was declared, by those who have 
tested it, the earliest as well as the most 
productive of its class. Sample was highly 
praised, as was also the McKinley. Kan¬ 
sas and Cumberland seem to be leading 
among blackcap raspberries. The new 
Haymaker purple-cap was reported as 
large, firm and wonderfully productive. 
There is little doubt, from the character 
of the testimony, but that the Haymaker 
now stands at the head of the Shaffer class. 
Eldorado and Erie blackberries were named 
as among the best of the larger fruited 
varieties, while Early Harvest, because of 
its extreme earliness, is one of the most 
profitable, and is a lively competitor of the 
cultivated dewberry which requires a great 
deal of tedious labor to keep the plantation 
in good shape. One member reported an 
immense crop of the new “white black¬ 
berry’’—Iceberg. The fruit was fine and 
sold readily at 10 and 12 cents per basket. 
Prof. Selby, committee on vegetable 
pathology, spoke of the prevalence of the 
crown disease of the apple. The bark of 
the trunk, near the ground, loosens, dies 
and falls away, while the naked wood, thus 
exposed, sooner or later decays. Grimes 
Golden and King are especially susceptible 
to this disease, while Baldwin is nearly as 
bad. A fleshy fungus is thought to be re¬ 
sponsible, its entrance being made through 
wounds. Another cause is thought to be 
Winter freezing. Peach yellows in Ohio 
was reported a scourge. The losses from 
this source are enormous. It is an in¬ 
curable disease of unknown cause, and 
the ax is the only remedy. A member 
asked whether the brown rot of the peach 
was the effect of yellows. Prof. Selby said 
that it is not. However, if the rotted fruit 
clings to the tree and remains as “mum¬ 
mied” specimens it is surely an indication 
of yellows. 
Prof. Webster, committee on entomology, 
gave a report of extensive experiments in 
fighting the San Jos6 scale in Ohio. It is 
pretty generally distributed throughout the 
State, and hope cannot be entertained that 
it will ever be exterminated by present 
methods. However, in the hands of experi¬ 
enced orchardists. a 25 to 30 per cent spray 
of crude petroleum has given excellent re¬ 
sults. One new insect—the Willow and 
Poplar curculio—has found its way into 
Ohio during the past season. Its larvae 
are quite destructive to shade trees of the 
Poplar family. The egg is deposited upon 
the bark of a branch. The young “mag¬ 
got.” when hatched, burrows beneath the 
bark, where it spends the Winter. The 
next season it actively continues its work 
—penetrating the wood and causing the 
branches to die. 
Pres. Wm. Miller delivered an address 
that was rich in its directness, practical 
advice and pertinent suggestion. In speak¬ 
ing of the “off year” in fruit production 
he declared that it was not so much to be 
considered as the “off man that while the 
San Jos§ scale is surely increasing, the 
aggressive horticulturist will profit by its 
destruction of carelessly managed planta¬ 
tions. The State cannot spend too much 
in the interests of horticulture. He sug¬ 
gested that the Ad Interim Committee, who 
report from the 11 districts of the State, 
be composed of individuals who will best 
represent the interests of their section at 
large. The criticism was offered that this, 
the only committee whose expenses are 
paid by the Society, confined their reports 
too closely to local, and possibly self in¬ 
terests. Pres. Miller favors the teaching 
of horticulture in our public schools, and 
regards the hybridization of fruits, flowers, 
etc., most fascinating work for the young 
people. He said that while this is truly 
"an age of steel,” only the “steel-hearted” 
could look with equanimity upon the de¬ 
struction of our forests. In conclusion he 
declared for more fruit, more flowers, more 
sunshine and better homes. 
F. H. BALLOU. 
Cow Peas and Potatoes in Connecticut. 
M. G. B., Harwinton, Conn .—I live in Litch¬ 
field County, Conn. My place is pretty 
hilly and rather windy, the soil a sandy 
loam. I am thinking to sow a few acres 
of cow peas for fodder, and then turn under 
the stubble for green manuring. Which 
variety would you select? Can I sow the 
cow pea after haying? Which is the best 
variety of early potatoes to be grown in 
my section? 
Ans.— We suggest Whippoorwill or 
Wonderful cow peas for fodder. They 
will not make seed in your section. As 
is well known, we do not advise cow 
peas for fodder. We should expect to 
get more good fodder from drilled corn 
after haying, and if Crimson clover is 
seeded at the last cultivation of the 
corn the soil will be greatly helped. On 
very rich soils Bovee gives good yields. 
We have found Early Sunrise, June Eat¬ 
ing and Junior Pride quite satisfactory. 
^ For ^ 
The Farmer 
The Gardener 
| and I 
The Housewife 
I They cost a little more. They ' 
are worth a great Ural more 
than the ordinary kind. Sold 
everywhere. 1902 annual free. 
D. M. FERRY & CO- 
Detroit, Mich. 
ed stock. Genuine, cheap. 2 sample currants mailed for 
10c. Desc. price list free. LEWIS BOF.SCH, Krcdonla, K. Y. 
KTOW 
While you have the time to attend to 
it, and the Nurseries have a Full Stock 
to select from, make out your orders for 
Fruit Trees, and send direct to some re¬ 
liable Nursery for them. 
Hundreds of our best Fruit Growers 
say. the best trees that they ever received 
came from Call’s Nurseries, Perry, O. 
Write them for Price List. 
potatoes—Bovee,Carman,Cobbler,Harvest,GWeeks 
r Ohio,Bose,Th’bred. 85 kinds. C.W.Ford,Fishers,N.Y. 
DflTlTnCC-Se'ected Seed. Price-List F 
I U I A I UCd E. M. MARVIN, Sun, Mich. 
Asparagus Roots.—O ne and two years 
old. Choice Stock from French Seed. 
MATHIS & CARTER, Blackvllle, S. C. 
ftDAlfCC New Early Yellow DCAOll 
UllAVCO FREESTONE rCAlm 
Price list free. W. J. GRAVE8. Originator, Perry, O. 
TQCCC I— Wholesale Prices, $1 worth up. Send 
I lit Lo i toG. C. STONE'S Wholesale Nurse-les. 
Dansville, N. Y., for 80-pp. Catalogue. Established 
35 years. Secure varieties now; pay in Spring. 
Trees, Seeds, Plants. 
Furnas' Seeds are Tested Seeds. 
Catalogue Free. Send for it now. 
T. C. FUHKA8 & CO., Sheridan Ind. 
A ■ 11 fl is the best time to place orders for Trees, Plants 
■fcl I S M B and Vines for soring planting. We glow nl 1 kinds 
IV IB wb and variety Best stock, lowest prices. 33 
■ ^ Vp W W years’ experience. 150 acres. Catalogue FREE. 
8E0. A. SWEET NURSERY CO., Box 1605, Dansville, New York. 
sm 
SUCCEED WHERE 
Largest Nursery. OTHERS FAIL. 
Fruit Book Free. Result of 78 years’ experience. 
N0RTHERN-6R0WN FRUIT TREES 
Best market varieties. Free from disease. All con¬ 
veniences for packing dealers’orders. My prices as 
low as the lowest; my stock asgood as the best. Write 
for free catalogue. Instructive; Interesting. 
MARTIN WAHL, 351 Gregory St.,Rochester, N.Y. 
Geo. S. Josselyn 
Fredonia, N.Y'. INTRODUCER OF 
Campbell’s Karly.The Best Grape. 
Josselyn .The Best Gooseberry. 
Pa,..The Best Currant. 
Awarded gold and silver medals at the Pan-American. Large 
list of Grape Vines and Small Fruit Plants. Catalogue Free. 
THE FA VO RITES 
In all markets are the YORK 
IMPERIAL and BEN DAVIS 
apples. Large yielders and good 
keepers. We have a large stock of 
fine trees. Thirty-five other varie¬ 
ties: Peaches, pears, etc. Send 
for catalogue. HARRISON’S 
NURSERIES, Box 29, Berlin, Md. 
GRAPE VINES 
Currants, Gooseberries, Black¬ 
berries, Raspberries, Straw¬ 
berries. Price List FREE. 
Send 2c stamp for illustrated descriptive catalog. 
T. S. HUBBARD CO. Fredonia, N. Y. 
The October Purple Plum 
and Green Mountain Grape 
are among the best fruits ever introduced. We are 
headquarters for both, and have a full assortment 
of other Nursery Stock. A tine Btock of Shade Trees. 
Write for onr catalogue before buying a tree of 
any kind. It’s free. 
STEPHEN HOYT’S SONS, New Canaan, C m. 
• ARE THE B E S-T- 
THAT CAN BE GROWN 
choicest vegetables or most beautiful flowers 
you should read BURPEE’S FARM ANNUAL FOR 1902,— so well known as the 
“ Leading American Seed Catalogue.” It is mailed FREE to all. Better send your address 
TO-DAY. W. ATLEE BURPEE &,»CO.? PHILADELPHIA. 
BURPEE’S seeds 
V I ft 1 Lli If you want the ch 
The Early Garden 
Must soou claim attention. Send for our Garden and 
Farm Manual for 1902. You will find It interest- 
and instructive reading for these long winter even- 
t is profusely illustrated and contains every thing 
isnewin Vegetable and Flower seeds. Sent FREE on request. 
jfluucnu 2 , CTfllfEC *17-219 Market Street, 
uUIIRoUR ft O I URCOi PHILADELPHIA, pa. 
: VEGETABLE and FLOWER. Everything in the 
r Nursery and Florist’s line. Direct deal with us will Insure you the best and 
save you money. Mall 6ize postpaid, larger by freight or express, safe arrival and satis¬ 
faction guaranteed. Try us. A valuable 168 page Catalog for the asking. 48 years. 
1000 acres. 44 greenhouses. 
Til E NTOIt RS HARRISON CO.. Bo* 186, Pnlnesv llle, Ohio. 
FRUIT 
The VALUE of my trees is De¬ 
monstrated by the Truth of the va¬ 
riety. Order now. Get first choice. 
12 PEACH TREES, choice kinds. 
TREES 
mailedtoanypartUnitedStates.fi 12 plants MKRSEREAU BLACKBERRY, mail, $1. Stock saved for 
you till Spring. Easy terms. For further information write me now. 
Cayuga Nurseries. Established 1847. H. S. YVI LEY, CAYUGA, N. Y. 
Rogers Trees are Safe Trees. 
FOR 
Home Adornment 
We will send prepaid to any address in the United States 
5 Choice Palms for $1.00 
as shown in illustration, or any one of them for 25 cents. 
Safe arrival guaranteed. Each plant is a 
nice specimen—not a small seedling such 
as are usually sent out by mail. They are 
worth §1.80 at regular catalogue rates. 
» NTTY TTP TT To every purchaser 
/AiN Lf I IvLL mentioning this mag¬ 
azine, our Garden Calendar, the 
handsomest and most complete cata¬ 
logue of Needs, Plants and Bulbs ever 
issued; to others, we will sendit for loots, 
which will he allowed on first order. 
HENRY A. DREER, 
714 Chestnut St.,Philadelphia, Pa. 
