14 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER 
January 4 
Live Stockand Dairy 
DISHORNING AND MILK PRODUCTION 
Several weeks ago a writer in the Tri- 
Weekly Tribune advanced the theory that 
the reason why the Polled Jerseys (whether 
that means dishorned or a genuine mulley 
I know not), did so poorly was simply be¬ 
cause they were polled. He went on to 
give a dissertation on the effect of removing 
the horns. We are all in favor of dishorn¬ 
ing In this neck of woods, but if the penally 
we pay be greater than the discomfort and 
risk in leaving the horns on, we would 
better not interfere too much with nature. 
Will you ask some authority to discuss 
this idea? e. d. r. 
Pennsylvania. 
So far as I am aware, ex-Gov. Hoard, 
of Wisconsin, was one of tfhe very first 
men to advance the theory that sawing 
off the horns of cattle injured their ner¬ 
vous force. His application was to 
dairy cattle. From time to time of re¬ 
cent years persons have brought forward 
the idea that dishorning injures in some 
way the stamina of the bull, or affects 
the animal dishorned unfavorably. The 
writer did his first dishorning of cattle 
in 1888, and ever since then has taken 
interest in this matter. Yet so far as I 
am aware, after these years of reading, 
there are absolutely no facts on record 
demonstrating that dishorning causes 
any serious injury. The old process, 
however, of sawing off the horns of ma¬ 
ture animals is being considerably re¬ 
placed by the use of caustic potash on 
young calves, the horn being destroyed 
in its early development, without pain 
to the animal. The necessity of horns 
to cattle under domestication is not yet 
proven, but the damages due to the use 
of horns by ugly bulls, or by mean dis- 
positioned cows or steers have been re¬ 
peatedly shown. There are mighty good 
arguments in favor of polled cattle, if 
their other qualities are as good as are 
tnose of horned breeds. The practical 
feeder of the great West has become 
thoroughly convinced of the value of 
hornless heads, and to-day a large per¬ 
centage of the steers coming into the 
great Union Stock Yards of Chicago are 
mulleys. Such animals feed better in 
small lots, pack closer and ship better, 
and mar their comrades less than do 
those having horns. 
As to why the Polled Jersey made a 
poorer show at the Pan-American Expo¬ 
sition than did the horned Jersey, is an 
open question. Yet some good reasons 
can be given bearing on this case. The 
polled Jersey, as I understand it, repre¬ 
sents the use of grade Jersey blood of 
the mulley type, along with the pure¬ 
bred. An impurity of blood was here 
introduced, and it 'became necessary to 
develop this form within a very limited 
number of animals. A sacrifice was 
necessarily made here, and for the sim¬ 
ple purpose of having a stock without 
horns. The breeder of horned Jerseys 
can improve his stock by drawing on a 
large selection of animals of fine type 
and quality. The breeder of polled Jer¬ 
seys has a limited number of high-class 
at the Exposition as the horned ones. 
There was not the material to select from 
in the herds to make the competition. 
Furthermore, in my opinion, a much 
better record could have been easily 
made by the horned Jerseys, if selec¬ 
tions had been made from herds in the 
States, instead of Canadian material. 
It is perhaps true that the Polled Jer¬ 
seys went into this Pan-American con¬ 
test under unfavorable conditions of 
preparation and pregnancy. I certainly 
see no good reason why they should 
make a very inferior showing, although 
I should not expect so good a showing as 
either horned Jersey or Guernsey, and 
for the reasons above given. I might 
also take the liberty of saying that I do 
not believe there is reason enough in at¬ 
tempting to establish a new breed, on 
the basis simply of horn obliteration. 
Horns are easily removed, and really 
represent a minor characteristic. It is 
a pity to sacrifice some of the more im¬ 
portant features, in order to secure cat¬ 
tle without horns. The Polled Durham, 
running back to the native mulley cow 
strain, with its impurity of olood, is to¬ 
day laboring at a disadvantage, when 
compared with the polled Short-horns 
of pure breeding. This Polled Durham 
breeders of to-day practically recognize. 
Now they are beginning to look to the 
pure type that can be registered in the 
Short-horn herd book, rather than hold 
to the impure form, that is barred from 
this taint of impurity. Undoubtedly a 
careful search would reveal the existence 
of some purebred polled Jerseys, that 
would be entitled to all the privileges of 
the American Jersey Cattle Club, and 
would meet the requirements of those 
who wish polled cattle, and yet who de¬ 
sire to register them in a well recog¬ 
nized standard herd book. c. s. rruMB. 
THE GRAIN RATION FOR COWS. 
There is a great deal of talk about 
grain being so high as to make its feed¬ 
ing unprofitable. I have helped talk it 
about as much as anyone. But after all, 
when one comes to figure out the cost of 
a ration including hay or silage, if one 
has a silo, I can’t see that this season is 
much worse than last. I know of a good 
many who made a little money by good 
feeding last year, and I think there is a 
chance for it now. The seleotion of feeds 
needs to be different probably, and I 
shall not argue for the shipper. Sup¬ 
pose that for the present purpose we mix 
up a lot of feed as follows: 
Protein. 
100 lbs. wheat bran.$1.20 12.2 lbs. 
100 lbs. Chicago gluten. 1.35 25.8 
25 lbs. oil meal.42 7.32 
Total .$2.97 45.32 
4 lbs. mixture .5.28 cents .8056 
lbs. cotton seed..2.25 cents .558 
20 lbs. hay .. .56 
1.9236 
In this way we get the necessary pro¬ 
tein at a cost for grain of about IY 2 
cents. Last year we fed about 10 pounds 
of grain, which cost close to 10 cents. Of 
course we feed more hay now than we 
did at that time, but our total cost for a 
ration is no more, and the total cost for 
grain purchased is less than a year ago. 
I have no doubt some will take excep¬ 
tions to some of these figures, especially 
me amount of protein, but I am willing 
they should. I would like to get a more 
profitable ration if I can. In this I have 
given moderate estimates of protein in- 
feed. For instance, in Chicago gluten 
I have used 25.8 pounds per 100 instead 
of 39.3 claimed by many dealers. I un¬ 
derstand the former to be the amount 
found to be digestible, while the latter 
is the total amount found by the seller. 
We do not seem to be getting so large 
a milk flow as we did last year. I am 
not sure that our grain feed is quite so 
good, though for the fresh cows it af¬ 
fords about as much protein. Last year 
we selected grain feed not only for pro¬ 
tein but for bulk, as we were short in 
hay, etc. This year we have aimed to 
get protein at about as low a cost as pos¬ 
sible, and with little thought about bulk. 
If our protein is sufficient it would seem 
as though we ought to get a good flow of 
milk, but, evidently, there is another 
factor that enters into the problem. The 
hay we are feeding just now was cut a 
little later than we could wish, though 
not very late. I have no doubt that it 
contains as much food material as ear¬ 
lier cut hay, but it may not be quite so 
digestible, and I am sure it is not so pal¬ 
atable. This last factor is certainly an 
important one, and, I believe, much at¬ 
tention needs to be given to it. After a 
little we will have earlier cut hay, and 
then I hope we may get better returns. 
We were getting 84 quarts of milk 
while feeding barley and peas, with what 
good pasture we were able to provide in 
late October. Then the barley and peas 
gave out, and we were obliged to feed 
from our cured oats and peas. The flow 
of milk fell off very materially, and on 
short notice, although the other feed 
was kept up the best we were able to do. 
Does this mean that barley and peas are 
a better food than oats and peas? Not at 
all. The barley was fresh from the field, 
green and nice—a succulent food. The 
oats and peas are dry. That makes the 
difference. Could the loss have been 
avoided? The silo advocates say it 
could, by having silage ready to supply 
the succulent material. It may be so, 
but no doubt grain would also have to 
be added to keep up the protein, thus 
making a more expensive ration. Pos¬ 
sibly, too, we might have kept up the 
flow better by adding oil meal, as that 
takes the place of succulence somewhat. 
Bainbridge, N. Y. 11 . 11 . l. 
Horse Owners! Use 
GOMBAULT’S 
Caustic 
Balsam 
A Safe Speedy aud Positive Care 
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the place of all liniments for mild or severe action. 
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TH E LAWRENCE-WILLIAMS CO.. Cle veland O. 
Breeders’ Directory 
You Can’t Afford a Grade Bull 
when I will sell you a Registered Jersey 
Bull at a reasonable price Ida s Stoke 
PncriQ or Krilp Rtfiolr 
U F. SHANNON 907 Liberty Street, Pittsburg. Pa. 
“QUALITY” 
For Sale—Two A. J. C. C Bull Calves, full brother* 
in blood. No. 1, dropped August 30, 1901; dam's test 
17 pounds 5 ounces from 265 pounds milk. 8,619pounds 
milk last year. No. 2, dropped September23.19„1; 
dam’s test 17 pounds 12 ounces from 260 pounds 12 
ounces milk; 7 244 pounds milk last year with second 
calf. Granddams and great granddams tested cows. 
They have the “ Qualtty,”and are forsale at reason¬ 
able prices. For particulars write 
K. W. MOSHER, Aurora, N Y. 
123 HOLSTEINSUS 
DELLHUR8T FARMS. Mentor. Ohio. 
For Sale 
PUREBRED HOL8TEIN-FRIESIAN8 
from best families. A registered 
bull ready for service and bull calves. Also have 
purebred BERKSHIRE SWINE and 8COTCH 
COLLIE PUPS at low figures. Write for breeding 
and prices. W. W. CHENEY, Manlius, N. Y. 
Purebred Ayrshire Bull Calf for sale, 
two months old, a desendent of the celebrated 
Ouchess of Bmithfleid and of the champion World’s 
Fair Bull RislngStar Wilbur F.Scott. Hawley.Mass 
SPRINGDALE FARM 
Adams Basin, N. Y. 
E. J. ADAMS, Prop. 
Rreeder and Shipper of Red Polled Cattle. O. I. C. 
Swine and Dorset Sheep. 8tock for sale. 
JACKS FOR SALE 
An extra fire lot of Jacks; all premium Jacks. 
All stock delivered free about d cars at city of Indiana¬ 
polis, ind. Address Baker's Jack Farm, Lawrence, Ind 
■pair Trained Collies. Trained and Untrained Fox 
^ and Rabbit Hounds. Pointers.Setters, Bull Ter¬ 
riers. Fine lot Puppies. J. BOYCE, Summitville.N.V 
A OQ If for top Poland-China sow, bred for Spring. 
0Z0> 10 These are the mellow, easy keepers. 
?10 for Sept. pigs. K. HAWK, Mechanlcsburg, Ohio 
Reg, P. CMnas, BerksMres and C. Whites. 
Choice Pigs, 8 weeks old, mated not 
akin. Bred Sows and Service Boars. 
POULTRY. Write for hard tlmee 
prices and free circular. 
HAMILTON & CO.. Rosenvick, Chester Co.. Pa. 
1 %11 ft ft FERRETS. First-class stock. Some 
CUUU Trained New Price-list free. 
N. A. KNAPP, Rochester, Lorain Co., O. 
lllOflD A ftfilTC are handsome, hardy and 
nRUUIIA UUH I D profitable. Prize stock. 
Low prices. Large cir. E. W. Cole & Co., Kenton, O 
Light Brahmas and White Plymouth 
Rocks. Fine birds of each, fit to show. Thirty years 
a shipper of Fine Poultry. J. A. Roberts, Malvern. Pa 
Brooke Meadow Farm has for sale M. 
B. Turkeys, bred from 40-lb. Tom. Single birds, f3; 
pair, $5. JOHN H. JANNEY. Brighton, Md. 
Q ADP AIIIC~ 20U cockerels at $1 each. Buff 
DMlUAIHa Wjan ; Buff Rocks; 8. C. White 
leghorns; R. C. Brown Leghorns. Everyone a 
thoroughbred. A. B. KATKAMIER, Macedon. N.Y. 
Cockerels' 
.—Choice W. Wyan., P. Rocks, Brah¬ 
mas, Cochins, Leghorns, from prize¬ 
winning stook. 23 varieties of land 
»nd water fowls. Satisfaction guaranteed. Big cat¬ 
alogue free. Pine Tree Farm, BoxT, Jamesburg,N.J. 
Quaker Dairy Feed is dis¬ 
tinctly a milk producer. It 
keeps up the flow and profit, 
and, pound for pound, dollar 
for dollar, will make more 
milk, more butter, more 
cheese, than any other feed. 
For profit, feed 
Quaker Dairy Feed. 
For free booklet, all about reeding for milk, address 
The American Cereal Co., Chicago, III. 
ones to select from. At the Ohio State 
Fair last Fall, as judge of the dairy cat¬ 
tle, I had an excellent opportunity to ex¬ 
amine several herds of Polled Jerseys on 
exhibition. There were some excellent 
individuals shown, representing the best 
known herds in America—cattle shown 
by the original promoters of 'this so- 
called breed, if my information is cor¬ 
rect. Yet they were not the equals in 
dairy quality, from the show standpoint, 
of the horned Jerseys. Both the mature 
males and females lacked the quality of 
the horned type, and in saying this it is 
no reflection on the polled ones. They 
came up against some of the best show 
Jerseys in America. This, in my opin¬ 
ion, is one good reason why the Polled 
Jersey did not make as good a showing 
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