52 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER 
January 25 
FARMERS' CLUB 
[Every query must be accompanied by 
the name and address of the writer to in¬ 
sure attention. Before asking a question, 
please see whether it is not answered in 
our advertising columns. Ask only a few 
questions at one time. Put questions on a 
separate piece of paper.] 
List of Pears for ’ Maine. 
A. B., Maine.— Can you give me a list of 
pears that will ripen in this State following 
Clapp’s Favorite, that are good quality and 
productive? 
Ans. —Among the most valuable pears 
for southern Maine, following Clapp’s 
Favorite are: Bartlett, Seckel, Louise 
Bonne, Sheldon, Howell, Lawrence and 
Anjou. As a dwarf, Angouleme is one 
of the best. w. m. m. 
Water Lime; How Many Shingles? 
Reader.—!. Where can I buy water lime 
for use in paint, as mentioned in The R. 
N.-Y. on page S20? 2. My house is 22-28 feet, 
and the roof steep. How many shingles do 
I need for one side? 
Ans. —1. Wm. H. Schmohl, 14th St. 
and Bast River, New York, handles 
water lime. 2. It is impossible to give 
definite figures without knowing the size 
of the roof. As ordinarily 'bunched an 
average of four inches is considered the 
width of a shingle. If laid five inches 
to the weather, each shingle would thus 
cover 20 square inches of space. Mul¬ 
tiply the length by the width of the 
roof in inches; divide the product by 
the number of square inches each 
shingle covers (20 in above suppositious 
case) and the result will be the ap¬ 
proximate quantity of shingles needed. 
Soy Beans for Hogs. 
IF. U. L., Neui Paris, O .—Are Soy beans 
a good hog food? How are they raised and 
fed? Are there any other crops that I can 
plant in the early Spring or Summer that 
will give me better results as a hog food? 
Ans. —We have raised Soy beans and 
fed them green to pigs. They were well 
eaten. Some farmers report good suc¬ 
cess with these beans as a dry feed. 
They are grown in drills, like other va¬ 
rieties of beans, cut and cured in the 
usual way. The beans are then thrashed 
out, ground into a meal and mixed with 
bran or shorts. We prefer cow peas to 
Soy beans. They are surer to make a 
crop, and will grow on poorer land, 
lhey make a good hog pasture. Dwarf 
Essex rape can be sown like turnips at 
any time from the opening of Spring to 
the middle of August. It makes a fine 
hog pasture, but cannot be cured for hay 
or Winter feed. 
Grafting Grapes ; Transplanted Chestnuts. 
J. T., Glenwood, Cal.— 1. Can I successfully 
graft hardy varieties of grapes on four and 
five-year vines that winterkill nearly to 
ground every year? How is it done? 2. 
Why is it that I cannot get New York 
grown chestnut trees to grow here in the 
mountains as they do in the East? Would 
I be more likely to get them to grow if I 
planted seed, and do they require much 
water? 
Ans.— 1. Hardy grapes should be 
grafted without special difficulty on 
those less resistant to cold, but the 
union is best made below the ground 
level, as the tender stock retains its 
susceptibility to frost. Such grafts are 
best made by removing the earth from 
the collar of the stock nearly to the 
level of the main roots, cutting off on a 
slant five or six inches below the sur¬ 
face, and splitting the stub with a strong 
knife or chisel. The grafts are then cut 
to a taper at Lie lower end, and in¬ 
serted in the usual wedge-like man¬ 
ner, taking care that the bark surfaces 
are closely adjusted. The soil is then 
mounded about stock and scion, leaving 
only the top bud above the surface. No 
wax is required, the earth preserving suf¬ 
ficient moisture until union is effected. 
2. The native chestnut is less easily 
transplanted than most trees, and does 
not bear transportation well. 'You 
should get better success from seeds 
grown in your locality. The American 
chestnut usually grows in well drained 
§oil,'but requires a fair amount of water. 
The Japan chestnuts usually grow well 
in California. 
Sprays for Green Aphis. 
J. R., Derby, Wash .—Is there any formula 
or spray material that will kill the eggs of 
the green aphis that are now on my apple 
trees? Of course, it must be something 
that won’t injure the trees. The past sea¬ 
son they were too numerous to hold in 
check. 
Ans—I doubt whether any spray 
that could be safely used on the trees 
would kill the aphis eggs. The eggs of 
insects are very impervious to fluids. 1 
have seen the eggs of the Pear psylla 
hatch after being dipped in undiluted 
kerosene oil, and strong soaps and oils 
have been used on the green aphis 
eggs without killing them. If the open¬ 
ing buds are sprayed with a solution of 
whale-oil soap, kerosene emulsion, 
strong tobacco decoction, or some simi¬ 
lar mixture, the stem-mothers which 
hatch from these Winter eggs can be 
killed, if hit, and thus the whole of the 
succeeding generations of lice, the 
progeny of these stem-mothers, be pre¬ 
vented from developing. 
M. V. SL1NGEKLAND. 
Power of a Gasoline Engine. 
W. H. R., Trevose, Pa.—I have been very 
much interested in silos of late, and wish 
to know what sort of power is of most ad¬ 
vantage to possess. There are many farm¬ 
ers who would like to have a silo and feed 
silage if they had the facilities for filling 
one. We cannot depend upon hired en¬ 
gines, but if a five horse-power gasoline 
engine would do the work, it would be of 
use on the farm during the whole year. 
Would such an engine run a No. 12 Bliz¬ 
zard cutter and blower to give satisfaction 
for a farmer wishing to cut 40 or 50 tons 
of silage? Have you any knowledge of 
farmers filling their silos with this low 
power? Do gasoline engines give satisfac¬ 
tion? 
Ans.— This demand for a portable 
power strong enough for the cutter and 
other farm machinery is general. Gaso¬ 
line engines are giving excellent satis¬ 
faction—though steam power has the 
advantage of providing live steam for 
washing or heating in the dairy. We 
question the ability of a five horse-power 
engine to run both cutter and blower 
successfully, but we have never used 
either machine on our own farm. Will 
those who have the engines tell us just 
what they can do? 
Treatment for a Dakota Orchard. 
T. E. B., Whitewood, 8. D.—I have an or¬ 
chard of about S00 trees, mostly apple. A 
creek bed with timber growing along the 
banks divides it about the center. If I 
give good cultivation during the Summer, 
keeping the weeds down, during the Winter 
the winds will blow the loose soil off ex¬ 
posed points as deep as the cultivator goes. 
This is on the north side only, the trees 
along the creek protecting the south side. 
Would it be advisable to plow next Spring 
and sow Alfalfa between the trees, leaving 
a small space around each tree clear, the 
following Spring go through the Alfalfa 
with a disk harrow, cut the first crop of 
Alfalfa, go through again with harrow, 
then leave alone until the following Spring? 
The soil is a light gumbo, some sand in 
it, and is quite rich. The trees are from 
two to six years old. Some growth on the 
ground will hold the Winter snow, which 
is now carried by the wind to the low 
places on the creek bed. Would it be safe 
to pasture hogs in an orchard of young 
trees? What are the hardiest varieties of 
peaches, and how low a temperature are 
they expected to stand? Which would be 
the best place to set out peach trees, in 
the valley or on a level spot part way up 
a hill protected from the north and west 
by steep hills? 
Ans. —Alfalfa is not a good crop for 
any kind of orchard in any part of the 
country. I have never heard anyone 
speak favorably of it who had tried it 
in his orchard. It seems to sap the 
ground of moisture, and is very difficult 
to kill out. Oats or rye, or a mixture of 
both, wouuld be far better if sown early 
in the Fall, so they would grow up be¬ 
fore cold weather. This crop will keep 
the loose soil and snow from blowing, 
although the oats will be killed by se¬ 
vere freezing. The rye will need to be 
plowed under early in Spring, so that 
it may not grow and injure the trees 
by taking up the moisture. Hogs are 
good to run in an orchard, especially if 
there is a crop of clover on the ground. 
Peaches are not suitable to the climate 
of South Dakota, and I would not ad¬ 
vise trying them there. ]i. e. v. d. 
Great Crops of Strawberries 
AND HOW TO GROW THEM. 
A book which has worked a revolution In Straw¬ 
berry Growing, and caused two big berries to grow 
where one little one grew before. It will be sent to 
you FREE if you mention the paper in which you saw 
this notice. The only thoroughbred and perfectly 
developed plants for Spring planting. 8end for book 
at once. R. M. KELLOGG, Three Rivers, Mich. 
Strawberry Plants 
i Choicest new and staplejvarieties, by mail or ex- | 
i press, guaranteed to arrive in perfect condition., 
1 We ref<*r to many thousands of satisfied patrons i 
1 during our25 years as strawberry culturists. Our< 
1 1003 catalogue contains valuable information and 1 
' t ’lls about 47 choice varieties. It is authority on j 
the subject. FREE, write for it to-day. 
M. CRAWFORD COMPANY, 
Box 1005 Cuyahoga Falls, Ohio. 
>i§ STRAWBERRIES. 
B ! 
I want 200,000 people to Bend for the finest plant eatnlogna 
ever published of strawberries, raspberries, blackberries, 
fine frntt or novelties, currents, grapes, Ac. 16 years in the bus. 
iness. The most complete strawberry nursery in America. Sand foi 
catalogue today. Address, 
D. BRANDT, Box 417 • BREMEN. OHIO. 
OONI PAUL 
box last June. 
—New strawberry, the flower of 
the world: 6 berries filled a quart 
List free. T. C. Kevitt, Athenla, N. J. 
QtrQUlhnrrioe -For earliest an<1 best plant Lady 
u ll dWUtil I leb Norwood For best plant Success. 
I also grow for sale Nick Ohmer, Gandy. Sample and 
Excelsior. All plants from 1901 beds. 
E. W. JENKINS, Dover. Del. 
1UT0 STRAW BERRY 5K 
Other good kinds as low as $1.50 per 1,000 New Cata¬ 
logue free. 8LAYMAKER & SON, Dover, Del. 
SUCCEED WHERE 
Largest Nursery. OTHERS FAIL. 
Fruit Book Free. Result of 76 years’ experienca. 
STARK BROS.. Louisiana. Mo. j Lansville, K.T 
fw j r* * Write for what ex- 
Safi Jose scale & s oii aboutour 
DERRICK OIL COMPANY, Titusville, Pa. Box 52 
THE MICHIGAN seeder', 
the only practical seeder made for all kinds, 
of grass seed. Not affected by wind or rain. 
Lightest and easiest running. 
SOLD ON TRIALatalow price. 
Booklet with calendar free. 
SEEDER A HAMMOCK CHAIR CO., 
for shade growing 
of tobacco, vege- 
ARIEL TENTING CLOTH 
tables and market produce. Made especially for the 
purpose in widths of 124, 144 and 200 Inches. Orders 
received for early 8prlng delivery. 
J. H. LANE & CO., 110 Worth 8t., N. Y. City. 
Second-hand cloth (used one season) for sale by 
ARIEL MITCHEL80N, Tariflvllle. Conn. 
Asparagus Roots.—O ne and two years 
old. Choice Stock from French Seed. 
MATHIS & CARTER, Blackville, S. C. 
Furnas’ Trees, Plants and Seeds 
are right in price and quality. Early King, Freddie 
and Estes. What are they? Send for our catalogue 
and see. It is free T. C. Furnas & Co., Sheridan, lnd. 
O end Us List of the Trees, Plants, etc., you want. 
we’ll make you lower-price No. 1 Stock than other 
nurseries. Prudential Orchard Co., Shermansvllle.Pa 
Fruit and Ornamental TREES, 
Grape Vines. Seeds, Bulbs and Roses. Catalogue 
free. WILLIAM O. SNYDER, Minersville, Pa. 
Tnrro I —Wholesale Prices, $1 worth up. Send 
lllLLu i to G. C. STONE’S Wholesale Nurseries, 
Dansville, N. Y., for 80-pp. Catalogue. Established 
35 years. Secure varieties now; pay In Spring. 
PBllfEC New Early Yellow DC I P II 
bnAiCo freestone rEAvll 
Price list free. W. J. GRAVES. Originator, Perry. O. 
wrpV*A—H onest Trees in endless variety. 
I HpP\ Get the best. All stock fumigated. 
■ catalogue Free to Everybody. 
Sheerin’s Wholesale Nurseries, Dansville, N. Y. 
Glenwood Nurseries 
Most complete assortment of choice 
Ornamental Trees, Shrubs and Vines. 
Send for Descriptive Illustrated Catalogue. 
THE WM. H. MOON CO., MORRISVILLE, PA. 
00 miles from New York; 30 miles from Philadelphia. 
Just Out.—The New Price-list of 
Call’s Nurseries, Perry, O., is just out, 
and those of our readers who are wish¬ 
ing to set Fruit Trees of any kind, will 
find it of interest to them. We note that 
it contains a number of letters from some 
of our best Fruit Growers that have 
bought of these nurseries, stating that 
the finest Fruit Trees they ever received 
came from Call’s Nurseries. Call is enjoy¬ 
ing the well-earned reputation of sending 
his customers the Best Fruit Trees that 
can he grown. His Price-list is free to all. 
FREE 
E. 8. 
IUustrated Catalogue of 
Choice Evergreens, Shrubs, 
Fruit and others Trees, Roses, 
Water Lilies, etc. Prices low. 
Beautify your home at small expense. 
PETERSON & SONS, Box 15, Montrose, N. Y. 
NEW CRAPE 
—Wonderful McPIKE. Also 
all varieties, new and old. 
SILAS WILSON, Atlantic, la. 
G~ —.™.^- 
^^^est grower in country. New Catalog mailed free. 
ALLEN L. WOOD, Wholesale Grower, Rochester, New York. 
UARANTEEDB 
Strawberries, Currants, Grapes, Gooseber¬ 
ries, etc. X grow every plant I sell. Strong, 
Northern-Grown Fruit Trees. 
Hardy, thrifty aud full-grown trees and plants, 
FREE FROM DISEASE. Best market varieties at 
lowest prices. Order direct and save more than 50 
per cent. LARGE ORDERS AT WHOLESALE 
PRICES. All conveniences for packing dealers' 
orders. Large surplus of Apple trees. Write for 
free Catalogue to-day. 
MARTIN WAHL, Rochester, N. Y. 
Our Seeds, Plants, Roses, Trees, Etc., 
advertise themselves. The best always cheapest. Try us, onr 
f oods and prices will please you. We have hundreds of car 
oads of 
Fruit and Ornamental Trees, Shrubs, 
Roses. Plants, etc; We send by mail postpaid Seeds, Bulbs, 
Plunts, Koscs, Small Trees, etc., safe arrival and satisfaction 
guaranteed, larger by express or freight. Our Catalogue, an 
elegant book, magazine size, profusely illustrated, tells it all, 
Free. Send for it today and see what values we give for a little 
money. 48 years. 44 greenhouses. 1000 acres. 
THE STORRS & HARRISON CO., Box 189, Painesville, O. 
Dwyer s Nurseries Established 1884. 
Two Hundred Acres devoted to the propagating of Fruit and Ornamental Trees and Plants. 
Landscape Gardening and the Beautifying of the Home Grounds our leading Specialty. Write 
now for our 72-page Descriptive and Illustrated Catalogue. We send it postpaid free on applica¬ 
tion. Ask for any information you are iu need of on horticulture. 
T. J. DWYER & SON, Orange County Nurseries, Box 1, Cornwall, N. Y . 
Chestnut Wood for Grafting. 
Scions 6 in. or by the foot. Alpha, Paragon, Numbo, Ridgely, Scott, Cooper. Graft your seedlings.'*^ 
Big profit in nut culture. Catalogue Free. ARTHUR J. COLLINS, Moorcstown, N. J. 
150 Acres of Trees, 
Plants, Vines, etc. All kindsandall varieties. 
Ours is the famous Genesee Valley Nursery 
Stock. Strong, hardy, smooth and free from 
disease. Established for 83 years. We sell to 
the same people year after year. Ask for our special terms to club makers. New illustrated catalog 
mailed free. Write to-day.' Ceo. A. Sweet Nursery Co., Box 1605, Dansville, New York. 
There are two kinds of trees. Safe Trees and the Other Kind. 
Rogers Trees are Safe Trees. THE TREE BREEDERS, Dansville, N.Y. 
HBk Mi aat A At Whnlpcalp PriPPC We mise Vegetable Seeds, Seed 
rnifir ^ fiiiuiljoaic rilUCo. Potatoes, Farm Seeds, etc., Oil 
mbM fla ■ H our own Farms, and sell them direct to the planter at Whole- 
B J M J BPBjIA sale Prices. Catalogue free. Please write for it to-day. Don’t 
HH Hi delay. JOS. HARRIS CO., Moreton Farm, Coldwatar, N. Y, 
USE NITRATE OF SODA — 
"S tor MONEY CROPS SST" 
You get your share of profit when you use this STANDARD HIGH-GRADE AMMON1ATE. 
Formulas and other valuable information free. WILLIAM S. MYERS, Director, 
12 John Street. Chilean Nitrate Works, New York. 
