1902 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER. 
53 
THE NEW YORK STATE FRUIT GROW¬ 
ERS' ASSOCIATION. 
Part II. 
Hale’s Kinks in Marketing.— From J. 
H. Hale’s remarks on this subject it must 
be inferred that he considers the full and 
free support of the State Fruit Growers’ 
Association to be a highly important 
"kink” in marketing. The society is need¬ 
ed, and fulfills a mission in helping the 
fruit grower of the State to secure lull 
money value in exchange for his products. 
The Association ought to spend $3,000 a 
year, and the members would find it the 
best paying investment made in a long 
time. You can’t expect much for one dol¬ 
lar. His idea seems to be that the mem¬ 
bership fee should be about $5. Another 
and perhaps the main kink is expressed in 
two words, "better fruit.” The fruit we 
have been growing in the past means 
bankruptcy. People will pay good prices 
only for the best. Another kink is the 
judicious selection of varieties, another 
everlasting cultivation according to con¬ 
ditions of soil and varieties selected; still 
another, pruning, feeding and spraying. 
After growing the next important thing 
is careful handling. Fruit should be hand¬ 
picked from the trees, packed promptly, 
kept dry and cool, in strong rigid pack¬ 
ages. He uses strong, round oak pack¬ 
ages. They should not be ventilated. 
Fruit should be removed from the fields as 
soon as possible and packed and sorted in 
a dry cool place. Next in importance is 
grading. Bright women make the best 
graders. Some machines, however, do 
very well for apples, but however graded 
there must be a standard grade from top 
to bottom. Then the package must be full. 
As a matter of business, the consumer 
should find all he expects in the package, 
and a little more. Mr. Hale has one friend 
who puts a card in each package giving 
the name of the variety, his own name 
and address and in the largest letters of 
all this line: “Always five cents above 
market prices,” thus emphasizing his own 
confidence in the real quality of his fruit. 
Mr. Hale justly emphasized the use of the 
family package to carry fruit from the 
farm to the consumer’s home. The pack¬ 
age should be neat and not too large, and 
yet just as large as can be handled con¬ 
veniently. He quoted an instance of the 
Fameuse apple from the Champlain re¬ 
gion, which had been repacked from bar¬ 
rels into four-quart peach baskets, and 
sold at 75 cents to $1 per basket. The ne¬ 
cessity which forced the packing of Florida 
peaches in four-quart baskets he quoted 
as one of the best things that ever hap¬ 
pened to Florida growers, because it brings 
the fruit to the market just as it is taken 
to the homes of the consumers. Refri¬ 
gerator cars, he says, must be used more 
and more. If different growers are to pack 
in the same cars arrangements should be 
made so the car can be filled up in an 
hour or two, and sealed tight. Then select 
the market or manvets you expect to sro 
to permanently. Go to the market and de¬ 
cide on some one commission man. Get 
him to go up and see your orchard. In¬ 
vite him, if you must, to bring his family 
and if he will not come any other way, 
pay his car fare. Get him there some way 
or another in order to get him interested 
in your fruit. When picking time ap¬ 
proaches write him telling him how the 
fruit is doing. Get his sympathy and in¬ 
terest. Give him your full confidence and 
he will get the most possible out of your 
fruit. The electric cars he cited as a fac¬ 
tor of considerable importance in prompt 
shipment of fruit to the markets, and they 
are going to be of greater and greater im¬ 
portance later on. Then he insists that 
the railroads should reduce the amount of 
weight per car. There are some towns 
along the railroad that would be able to 
send small cars of fruit, but are not able 
to handle as large a carload as the rail¬ 
roads insist on. The Pennsylvania road 
handles small carload lots, and encourages 
this trade in small towns along its line. It 
is probably the fault of the tradesmen that 
others do not do the same thing, for they 
are not going to do it until attention is 
called to the matter, and possibly not un¬ 
til growers insist upon it. 
Mr. Hale laid considerable importance 
on neatness as one of the "kinks” of selling 
to local markets. Neatness of package is 
not only necessary, but a painted wagon, 
a well-groomed horse, a good harness and 
a well-clad driver. If these things cost 
more simply add the cost to the fruit. 
Consumers will have the best goods in 
neatest form and will pay extra prices for 
them. He cited an instance within his own 
knowledge, where a customer paid 10 cents 
for a bunch of celery tied with a blue rib¬ 
bon, while in the old way it went begging 
at six cents per bunch. 
Fumigating With Hydrocyanic Gas.— 
Prof. Lowe, of Geneva, shows by demon¬ 
stration how easy it is to manufacture 
and apply hydrocyanic acid gas. There is 
nothing mysterious or difficult about it. 
The gas is generated as follows: Buy the 
required quantity of cyanide of potassium. 
in small pieces rather than in large lumps. 
Into a low, open dish put eight ounces of 
water. Carefully and slowly pour into 
this five ounces of sulphuric acid, then add 
to this 3% ounces of the ferro-cyanide 
(also known as yellow prussiate of potas¬ 
sium). This drug is not expensive, and 
anybody having common sense and exer¬ 
cising due care can do it. The gas is very 
poisonous. Prof. Lowe showed models of 
several styles of tents which are lowered 
or set over the tree to be treated. The gas 
is then to be developed, and the tree left 
exposed for half an hour. Even a much 
longer exposure has shown not the slight¬ 
est injury to the tree, or to its fruit pro¬ 
duction, while not a live scale is to be 
found on the trees after treatment. Prof. 
Slingerland, in reply to the question, 
whether fumigation kills other inseots, 
states that it is not likely to kill eggs of 
other insects that may happen to be on 
the tree, nor borers in the roots. 
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(Late of 15 John Street) 
36 CORTLANDT STREET. NEW YORK 
POTATOES 
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CARIBOU, ME. 
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R.H.SHUMWAY 
D ROCKFORD, ILL. 
[3 A a Supply your ground with 
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Reference: Central Nat’l Bank, Freehold, N. J. 
100 pounds Strasburg Onion 
Seed. Surplus lot. Our own 
growth, crop 1901. $60 buys 
the lot. Smaller quantities 
70 cents a pound. 
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ESTABLISHED 1824. 
HIGH-GRADE 
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BRIDGEMAATS SEED WAREHOUSE 
37 East Nineteenth Street, New York 
D escriptive Illustrated Catalogue mailed free 
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9 "Don't quite 
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But doesn’t our 2,000 
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W J. J. H. Gl{EGORY A SON, 
k Marblehead, Mass. 
rpeGORYS : 
SOUND 
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O Packets for 10 cts? 
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Dept. 0 Ravenna, 0. 
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SEED OATS. 
• Clover and Timothy Seeds. Buy early. It will pay 
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1902 SEEDS. 
This great Western seed house offers a complete line of seeds for 
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TREES 
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M3 V HI Li Li \3 If you want the cl 
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em——B ww«i'Mu< ww yiH"nii | «i»n iiaagflHi 
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PETER HENDERSON & CO., 
_ 35 & 37 Cortlandt Street, New York. 
SALZER’Si 
m SEEDS 
Produce 
\ wp 
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seed samples. 
JOHN A. SALZER 
SEED CO., 
IhllAMSi^W La Orosse, Wis. 
