THE RURAL NEW-YORKER. 
March 15 
196 
STONES OR STAVES FOR SILO. 
We wish to build a stave silo about 30 
feet high, on upper side of a hill barn. 
To bring It on a level with the cows eight 
feet will be below surface of the earth. 
Shall we make a stone wall and set 
22-foot stakes on top or run staves to bot¬ 
tom? We want a permanent but economi¬ 
cal job. g. 
I do not think there can be the least 
doubt that it will be preferable to con¬ 
struct that part of the silo wall below 
the surace of the earth of masonry. 
Staves running below the surface of the 
ground would probably be subject to 
rapid decay, and the silos so built would 
require extensive repairs within com¬ 
paratively few years. The investigations 
of different forms and methods of con¬ 
struction of silos in Wisconsin has clear¬ 
ly established the satisfactory nature of 
siios with stone or other masonry walls 
below ground and wood above. 
[Prof.] WM. P. BROOKS. 
Since the silo is to be eight feet below 
the surface of the earth by all means 
make this part of the silo of stone. If 
you make it of wood you will have to 
build a foundation for it, and then con¬ 
struct a retaining wall, which would be 
far more expensive than to build the 
first eight feet of the silo of stone. Then, 
too, the pocket which would be formed 
stone and carrying it not less than one 
foot above the ground outside. This 
will give a dry foundation upon which 
to erect the superstructure of wood, and 
would make it necessary to have only 
IS feet of woodwork to secure the 30 
feet in depth. If it is insisted that the 
stave form of silo be adopted for the 
woodwork it is necessary to finish the 
surface of the wall flat and have the silo 
set some little distance back from the 
inner edge of the wall in order to allow 
for the movement of the silo on its foun¬ 
dation, which is certain to take place 
with the stave silos built out of doors. 
I have seen those which have moved 
sufficiently by the end of the second year 
so that a man’s arm could be run up 
between the overhanging woodwork and 
the wall below. It would be much more 
satisfactory, as a permanent silo, to use 
the other form of construction for the 
woodwork, as in that case there would 
be no movement of the silo on its foun¬ 
dations. The difference in cost of the 
two forms of silos is not worth consid¬ 
ering when a permanent structure is to 
be built. [Prof.] f. h. king. 
Guernsey Cow, Mary Marshall. 
A picture of this famous cow (in three 
positions) is shown at Fig. 70. This is 
taken from the Herd Register. As most 
farmers know, this cow won the first 
prize at the Pan-American dairy test. 
Her six months’ record was 5,611 pounds 
of milk, which tested 5.36 per cent of 
butter fat. This gave 301.13 pounds of 
butter fat, or 354.26 pounds of churned 
GUERNSEY COW—MARY MARSHALL. Fig. 70. 
by the retaining wall would cause the 
staves of the silo near the bottom to 
become damp,and they might quickly rot 
out. Stone walls do not keep silage as 
well as wooden walls do, but this stone 
wall will be in the bottom of the stiue- 
ture, and since there is a stave structure 
above there will be no danger of deter¬ 
ioration of the material in the lower 
third of the silo where it rests against 
the stones. [Prof.] i. P. Roberts. 
A well-constructed stone silo repre¬ 
sents as durable a form as can be made. 
Consequently, it would be most desirable 
to construct that part of the silo below 
the surface of stone, and resting the 
staves above ground on the wall. In 
fact, it would hardly be practicable oth¬ 
erwise, unless the staves were set in a 
smaller circle within the wall. The top 
of the wall should be made as smooth as 
possible, and the staves carried up as 
close to the inside of wall as will permit 
a good solid footing. If laid back from 
the edge about an inch, clay or cement 
may be packed on the bevel, so as to 
avoid any angle or corner on which the 
silage might catch in settling. While it 
will make the cost somewhat greater, 
two-inch plank sawed round to make a 
circle and bedded in mortar or cement 
on the wall will furnish a good footing 
for the staves if the rock surface is too 
unsatisfactory for resting the staves on. 
A two-inch plank is recommended, for 
in the writer’s experience an inch plank 
is liable to warp somewhat. 
c. s. PLUMB. 
It is never admissible to carry the 
wood structure of a silo below the sur¬ 
face of the ground, as the woodwork 
under such conditions is sure to decay 
in a very few years. If your correspond¬ 
ent has opportunity to place his silo 
eight feet in the ground and yet bring 
the bottom of the silo only on a level 
with the stable floor, I would suggest 
that it would be still better to carry the 
silo bottom three feet below the level 
ox the stable floor, building the wall of 
butter. The profit for the six months 
was $59.43. As will be seen, she is a 
large, angular cow, quiet, and with large 
capacity for feed. Her last calf, a heifer, 
was sold for $200, and the cow herself 
has just been sold for $1,000. 
For close skimming and 
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National Hand Separator has no 
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Newark, N. J. 
J 
That It's a 
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30th and Market St., 
Philadelphia, Pa. 
Sent 
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ARE SO MUCH BETTER THAN 
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THE DE LAVAL SEPARATOR CO. 
Randolph A Canal Sts., 
CHICAGO 
General Offices: 
327 Commissioners Street 
MONTREAL. 
1102 Arch Street, 
PHILADELPHIA 
74 CORTLANDT STREET. 
75 & 77 York Street, 
TORONTO. 
108 A 105 Mission Street, 
SAN FRANCISCO. 
NEW YORK. 
248 McDermott Avenue, 
WINNIPEG. 
“Milk^Care” 
A booklet which we mail free. It cov¬ 
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THE U. S. CREAM SEPARATOR 
HOLDS 
World’s Record 
.0138 
50 CONSECUTIVE RUNS: 
Average Test of Skimmilk, = 
At the Pan-American Model Dairy, 1901. 
No other separator has ever been able to approach this record. 
Send for free pamphlets 
Vermont Farm Machine Co., - Bellows Falls, Vt. 
259 
