208 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER 
March 22 
Farmers’ Club. 
[Evary Query muit 1m aeooetpeeled by 
the ume and address of the writer te In¬ 
sure attention. Before asking a question, 
please see whether It Is not answered In 
our advertising columns. Ask only a few 
questions at one time. Put questions on a 
separate piece of paper.] 
Sugar Beets and Mangels. 
J. G. D., Malvern, Pa .—Are sugar beets 
and mangels the same? I wish to raise 
some root crop to feed next Winter. I 
have horses, cows, sheep and pigs; I want 
the roots principally for sheep and pigs. 
My soli is loamy limestone. What will 
be the best roots to grow? 
Ans. —Sugar beets are quite different 
from mangels. The general opinion 
seems to be that mangels are better 
suited to the conditions of most farms. 
They are not so rich, ton for ton, as the 
sugar beets, but give a larger yield, and 
are easier to cultivate and harvest. They 
make a good feed for all stock. 
Borers in Apple Trees. 
F. O., Owego, N. T .—Three years ago I 
set out 50 apple trees. Borers got at them 
before I knew It, and did considerable 
damage. I have dug them out, and wish 
to know whether coal ashes put around 
the trees would prevent further attacks 
of the borer, or benefit the trees in any 
way. 
Ans. —Coal ashes will be of almost no 
benefit to trees of any kind if applied 
for their manurial value, but on stiff 
clay land the mechanical effect is good, 
in loosening the soil. So far as keeping 
out the borers is concerned the ashes 
are of no more value than so much 
earth. To make a mound of either ma¬ 
terial about six inches high against the 
base of the trees, will force the beetles 
to lay their eggs in the trunk at the top 
of this mound, and the borers will be 
much more easily found and dug out 
than if they entered at the natural sur¬ 
face of the ground. A wrapping of 
paper around the trunk for several 
inches above the natural surface or 
mound will almost entirely prevent the 
laying of eggs by the beetle. It should 
be done early in the Spring and kept on 
all Summer. h. e. v. d. 
Tree Pluggers at Work Again. 
H. B. R., Elizabeth, Me.—A man has been 
plugging fruit trees in this vicinity by 
boring a hole in the trunk and putting 
some white powder in and plugging up 
with wood, claiming that it will kill can¬ 
ker-worms, borers, tent-caterpillars, rail- 
road-worms, gypsy moth, etc., and prevent 
black-knot, scab, etc. He mixes thte powder 
himself, and says it costs $3 for two quarts. 
He charges five cents per tree, so you see 
he can’t use a very large quantity to a 
tree. He says that he has been in New 
Hampshire and Massachusetts for 14 
years, doing this same work. Is this a 
humbug? Do you know whether there is 
anything in it or not? 
Ans. —We would just as soon expect 
him to cure a headache by cutting off 
corns or picking the teeth! This is one 
of the most aged “fakes” in the busi¬ 
ness, and men have grown rich at it 
time and again. Sometimes they use 
plain sulphur and again some mysteri¬ 
ous “powder.” We would not under 
any circumstances let them bore into 
our fruit trees! 
Quince Questions. 
R. J. E., Berrien, Mich.—I would like your 
opinion of the Bourgeat qulnc®. Is it as 
productive and desirable as the Orange 
quince? I notice one nurseryman claims 
that it grows in form like an apple tree. 
Is this the only variety of quince that will 
grow in tree shape, or can any variety be 
made to grow so? If so, how should they 
be managed? I have seen quinces growing 
in perfect tree form and thought them 
very ornamental when so grown, but do 
not know what variety. 
Ans. —The Bourgeat quince is produc¬ 
tive and more upright in habit of tree 
than any other variety that I have seen 
growing, but there may be others equal¬ 
ly good in this respect It is very diffi¬ 
cult to get quince trees to grow into nice 
shapely trees, because they naturally 
have a bushy form, but by beginning 
with young trees and pruning the lower 
branches off and carefully watching that 
the top branches do not become strag¬ 
gling in their habit very nice trees can 
be grown. The Orange, Rea and other 
kinds can be grown this way, but the 
Bourgeat will not require so much care 
to attain the same form. The fruit of 
this variety is very good in form, size 
and flavor. h. e. v. d. 
Starting a New Jersey Orchard. 
A. G., Dover, N. J .—I planted last Spring on 
an eastern slope of good sandy soil 20 York 
Imperial and 10 Stayman apple trees, 44 
feet apart. Are these varieties the best I 
could have planted, or are there some bet¬ 
ter varieties for local market? Last season 
I planted potatoes, sweet corn, beans and 
tomatoes between the trees. I would like 
to plant some apple trees as fillers between 
these standard varieties, which were 
planted last Spring. What kind would you 
advise me to plant? I would like some of 
the best Winter varieties you could recom¬ 
mend for local market. After the planting 
is completed, how would you advise culti¬ 
vation of these trees, as the land washes 
somewhat? I intended to sow with oats 
and seed to grass, and after I have a sod 
I intend to plow between those trees in 
small strips and manure and raise vege¬ 
tables. The land cost $200 per acre. 
Ans. —York Imperial and Stayman are 
excellent varieties for most of New Jer¬ 
sey, and I have none better to suggest. 
Potatoes, beans, sweet corn and toma¬ 
toes are just the kind of crops to grow 
in a young orchard. The proposition 
to seed to oats and grass is a very un¬ 
wise one. A crop of oats in an orchard 
is the next thing to a fire, because it is 
very greedy of both moisture and fer¬ 
tility, and saps the ground at the time 
when the trees need the best of care to 
enable them to grow and develop their 
fruit and the buds for the next year’s 
crop. Grass sod is always a detriment 
to an apple orchard, although strips 
may be cultivated next the trees; for 
the uncultivated ground will draw the 
moisture from the strips to a damaging 
degree. I would advise growing some 
crop between the trees that requires 
tilling and never any other. As to va¬ 
rieties to use as fillers between the per¬ 
manent trees Wagener, Gano, Missouri, 
Wealthy and Oldenburg are such as will 
bear early and profitably occupy the 
ground after about five years from 
planting, but the two latter kinds are 
not Winter apples. However, they will 
pay well for the local market 
H. E. V. D. 
All Rural New-Yorker readers, wish¬ 
ing to plant trees the coming Spring, 
should send for the instructive and in¬ 
teresting catalogue of Martin Wahl, 
Rochester, N. Y. It is free for the 
asking.— Adv. 
York Imperial 
Apple Trees 
This is a favorite wherever grown. Very 
valuable for market, medium size, greenish 
yellow, striped with bright red, fine appear¬ 
ance, sells at sight, excellent quality. Trees 
vigorous, very productive; has 
FEW OFF YEARS. 
Ift-M 'fVl ft H anotlier most desirable 
apple, perfectly hardy, 
and productive. We have the finest stock of 
these varieties in America. Our new Cata¬ 
logue gives full description and prices of these 
and 60 other varieties of Summer, Autumn 
and Winter Apples, also Peaches, Pears. 
Plums, Cherries, Asparagus. Strawberries etc. 
Write for it. 
HARRISON’S NURSERIES, 
Box 29, Berlin, Md. 
OATS 
Pure seed; best clover; Timothy; four best field 
corns. Description. One sample free: more le. each. 
30 kinds Potatoes, Beans, Raspberries, Barred Books, 
Evergreen Corn mailed for 50 hills, postage 5c. 
S.J. SMITH POTATO FARM, Box B, Manchester,N.Y 
Soft 
Harness 
You can make your har¬ 
ness as soft as a glove 
and as tough as wire by 
using EUREKA Har- 
ness OH. You can 
lengthen its life—make it 
last twice as long as it 
ordinarily would. 
EUREKA 
Harness Oil 
makes a poor looking har¬ 
ness like new. Made of 
pure, heavy bodied oil, es¬ 
pecially prepared to with¬ 
stand the weather. 
Sold everywhere 
In cans—all sizes. 
Mads by STANDARD OIL CO. 
N-lt&C* 
SIERUNt 
crcssum 
Seeds 
RECLEANCD 
..*e 
TESTCD 
0 Northern 
t Grown 
I Our handsome seed cat alogue for 
1902 will interest you. Itteils about 
Corn Insurance. Perfected Farm 
Seeds. Best varieties. Reasonable 
prices. Extraordinary free prem¬ 
iums. It is mailed Free to seed buy¬ 
ers. Write for it to-day. 
NORTHRUP, KING & CO., 
ISccd Growers, Minneapolis, Minn. 
True Dwa^rf Essex 
Rape Seed. 
The best Rape Seed is the cheapest. You 
get several times the crop that you get from 
poor seed. We import direct a Rape Seed 
with a record as iiigh as 19 tons to the acre. 
Yet we buy in such quantities that we can 
sell at these remarkable prices:-— 
True Dwa.rf Essex R^pe^Rc! 
Enough for 5 a,cres.v U I 
Ten ibs. 75c., 50 lbs. $3.25, 100 lbs. $6.00—by 
freight or express, buyer paying charges. 
Bags for 50 lbs., 15c extra. 
Packet 10 c., J A lb. 15c., one lb. 28c. by mail. 
You cannot buy such seed at such prices 
anywhere else in America. 
Vaoigkaua’s Seed Store, 
84 Randolph St., Chicago, 14 Barclay St., N. Y. 
ESTABLISHED 1824. 
HIGH-GRADE 
Garden Seeds 
BRIDGEMAN'S SEED WAREHOUSE 
37 East Nineteenth Street, Ne w York 
Descriptive Illustrated Catalogue mailed free 
to all applicants. 
w. 
It 
,° Spi 
1AM 
M 
Small crops, unsalable veg¬ 
etables, result from want of 
Potash. 
Vegetables are especially 
fond of Potash. Write for 
our free pamphlets. 
GERMAN KALT WORKS, 
93 Nassau St., New York. 
Wood’s Seeds. 
The Famous 
Forage Crop 
and Soli 
Improvers. 
Cow Peas. 
WE ARE HEADQUARTERS for these and all 
Southern specialties, including Sola Bean*. 
Velvet Beans, Pearl or Cat-tail Millet, Teoslnte 
Bermuda Grass, Ensilage Corn, Spanish Pea¬ 
nuts, Chufas, Sorghums, etc. 
Write for prices, andour interesting Catalogue 
giving fun information about these crops. 
T. W, WOOD & SONS, - Richmond, Va. 
If it’s trees you want write for free Catalogue of 
MARTIN WAHL, Rochester, N. T. 
Greatest money makeron earth; grows ft IN? CM ft 
anywhere; booklet and seeds mailed UlliOLliU 
10c. T. U. KENNEDY, Hackensack, N. J. 
rr e GORY3>l| 
"Don’t quite 
like the sound of it.” 
But doesn’t our 2,000 
careful annual tests 
for vitality and qual¬ 
ity and the great care 
in selecting stock have 
lots of conscience thrown 
earnestly Into it? “Yes!” 
Well then, I will take the 
liberty of the heading and sub¬ 
mit the propriety of it to the experience of 
many hundreds of thousands of my 
oldcustomers. Seed catalogue free. 
J. J. II. GREGORY A SON, 
Marblehead, Mass. 
Rocky Ford Musk Melon. 
By far the most popular of the small or basket melons. 
Fruit oval, slightly ribbed,densely covered witli coarse net¬ 
ting, flesh thick, green, very sweet and highly flavored. We 
have a fine stock of this and other Melon Seed, also all other 
kinds of Farm, Garden and Flower Seeds, Tools. Garden Im¬ 
plements, etc. Write for our illustrated Catalogue No. 12, 
describing all of these tilings. It is FREE. Write to-day. 
GRIFFITH & TURNER CO., 205 N. Paca Si., Baltimore. Md. 
URPEE’S 
Largest Mail-Order Seed House 
in the World. buying 
BURPEE’S SEEDS direct by 
mail you get your money’s worth in the Best Seeds that Grow —and you 
have your choice of Rare Novelties for 1902, which cannot be had else¬ 
where. Write to-day (a postal card will do) for our complete Catalogue— 
FREE to all who intend to purchase seeds. W. ATLEE BURPEE & CO., Philadelphia? 
c. Superior Fodder Plants 
ijALi^ VICTORIA RAPE £.. 
m, 
About. 10 miles ahead of Dwarf Essex Rape in 
bushiness, in vigor and nourishing quality. It 
i makes it possible to grow swine and sheep 
and cattle all over America at lc. a i b. 11 is 
'marvelously prolific. Salzer’s catalog tells. 
Giant Incarnate Clover 
Produces a luxuriant crop three feet tall 
within six weeks after seeding and lots 
and lots of pasturage all summer long 
besides. Will do well anywhere. Price 
dirt cheap. 
ck 
#♦ \ 
>V 
Grass, Clovers and 
Fodder Plants 
<.* 
Ithe 
MAKER' 
FRIEND, 
Our catalogue is brimful of thoroughly tested farm seeds 
" such as Thousand Headed Kale; Teosinte, producing 80 tons of 
green fodder per acre; Pea Oat; Spelt/,, with its 80 bushels of grain 
and 4 tons of hay per acre, Billion Dollar Grass, etc., etc. 
Salzer’s Grass Mixtures 
Yielding 6 tons of magnificent hay and an endless amount of pasturage on any farm in America. 
Bromus Inerntis—6 tons of Hay per Here 
The great grass of the century, growing wherever soil is found. Our great catalogue, wortli $100 to 
any wide awake American gardener or fanner, is mailed to you with many farm soerl samples, upon 
receipt of hut 10 cents postage, aar- Catalog alone 5 cents for postage. 
JOHN A. SALZER SEED COMPANY, La Crosse, Wis/ 
