1803 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER 
2 iS 
Breeder’s Wayside 
CROSS-BREEDING CATTLE. 
Holsteins vs. Jerseys and Guernseys; 
Short-horns vs. Jerseys and Devons. 
B. H. S. wishes to know whether Hol¬ 
steins and Guernseys will not cross to 
better advantage than will Holsteins 
and Jerseys. It is a general rule in 
breeding that it is not wise to mate ani¬ 
mals that represent wide variations in 
size and type. The Holstein is large, 
the Jersey much smaller. Where a 2,000- 
pound Holstein is the sire of a calf from 
a dam weighing 750 pounds, the ex¬ 
tremes are too great It may result in 
serious damage. At the Indiana Experi¬ 
ment Station for many years we have 
weighed our calves the day when 
dropped, and we have had many Jersey 
calves that weighed only 50 pounds, 
while our Holsteins weigh nearer 90. 
Our last Holstein calf, a male, weighed 
125 pounds the day of his birth, an ex¬ 
tremely large size. The Guernsey should 
offer a more harmonious mating to the 
Holstein, while in the value of milk, not 
much difference would be likely to be 
noted in comparing with the Holstein- 
Jersey cross. B. H. S. writes: 
Do not the poor results likely to be ob¬ 
tained in crossing the Holstein on other 
breeds, partly justify the claim of its 
friends that it is the best general-purpose 
breed to be found, and therefore not to be 
improved by crossing? 
Personally, 1 do not think the Holstein 
is to be improved by crossing with other 
breeds. Its greatest held for improve¬ 
ment will come through vigorous selec¬ 
tion from within the breed itself. If 
more attention were given to producing 
Holsteins yielding milk richer in fat, it 
would greatly increase the esteem of the 
breed in the minds of many persons who 
at present do not enjoy drinking milk 
from it This can be best secured by the 
weeding-out process and selection, and 
breeding to the better Holstein families, 
rather than by introducing foreign 
blood. There are but few champions of 
(he Holstein as a general-purpose breed 
excepting among some breeders in the 
East in the main. The Holstein is a 
special-purpose dairy type if anything, 
and in the great meat producing mar¬ 
kets of America is so regarded. The 
writer is located in a beef section, and 
we breed Holsteins, but Holstein veal 
and Holstein beef always command a 
lower price than that produced by the 
beef breeds or the general-purpose 
breeds. Butchers claim that they dress 
a larger per cent of offal, and have more 
intestinal or loose fat, than the beef 
breeds, and cannot be purchased and 
sold to so good an advantage. The fact 
is, the Holstein is not yet regarded as 
one of the general-purpose breeds, ex¬ 
cepting by its most partisan breeders. 
B. H. S. also refers to Durhams, mean¬ 
ing Short-horns, and says they “seem to 
cross well with small breeds like Jer¬ 
seys or Devons here. Is this the experi¬ 
ence of breeders in other sections?” In 
my judgment, it would be fully as un¬ 
wise to cross Short-horns and Jerseys as 
Holsteins and Jerseys, and for exactly 
toe same reason. They are almost ex¬ 
tremes in size, and represent different 
purposes and types. The Short-horn 
and Devon, however, should mate well. 
While the latter is somewhat smaller, 
there is much in the breed that should 
harmonize with Short-horn blood, so far 
as we can ordinarily expect harmony in 
crossing. Good specimens of each may 
be found in the true beef type, or in the 
general-purpose class, and when two 
animals of the sam type are mated not 
Had returns should be looked for. 
Injurious Effects from Dishorning. 
In view of the fact that a Virginia 
reader of The R. N.-Y. thinks that his 
cattle have been injured by dishorning 
it is appropriate to devote a few words 
to this subject. The dishorning of cat¬ 
tle has become a widespread practice. 
A large per cent of the feeders of the 
West are dishorned, if one is to judge 
from what is seen in the markets. In 
ray visits among the farmers I find many 
herds of cattle that are dishorned and 
are used as breeders. Very generally the 
comments are favorable to the practice. 
Not only are horns being sawed off and 
budding horns destroyed by acid or caus¬ 
tic potash, but polled cattle are coming 
into constantly growing favor in Ohio, 
Indiana, Illinois, Iowa and the West 
generally. It is a very rare thing to see 
or hear any statements to-day unfavor¬ 
able to dishorning. Probably not over 
one man in 200 breeding grade or com¬ 
mon stock would comment unfavorably 
on the practice. Consequently, it is a 
question open for serious consideration, 
if our Virginia friend’s unsatisfactory 
experience is not due to other causes. 
Short necks, clumsy and sluggish ani¬ 
mals, and poor feeders may be inherited 
from other things than dishorned stock. 
This would hardly be called evidence. 
These faults are common among horned 
cattle, so why should It be ascribed to 
the dishorning? Is our friend sure that 
his troubles do not crop out from ances¬ 
tors beyond his memory, in which these 
defective qualities were present? I in¬ 
cline to the belief that this is the true 
cause. If any reader of The R. N.-Y. 
feels that he has good evidence to show 
that dishorning has injured his stock in 
their breeding qualities he would confer 
a favor by reporting the same to this 
journal. 
Temperament of Ayrshire Cattle. 
A New Yorker wishes to know wheth¬ 
er Ayrshire cattle are naturally unruly. 
The writer has been about in Ayrshire, 
Scotland, among the cattle, and was 
never impressed at any time with the 
fact that Ayrshires were other than of 
good temper. In my younger days I 
worked in a large herd of Ayrshires, 
feeding and caring for them, and I do 
not recall that the temperaments I there 
dealt with were disagreeable or unruly 
in any sense unusual to other breeds. 
The Scotch are proverbially gentle to 
their beasts and are a kindly people, so 
that the conditions in the native home 
of this breed would especially favor the 
development of the quiet temperament. 
c. s. PLUMB. 
Farmer’s Garments 
made anywhere are Keystone 
Union-Made Overalls and Pants. 
Two garments like this, with 
coats to match, costing less than 
82 a suit, will clothe a farmer 
neatly one year. Ask for lots 56, 
67 or 58, in stripes—or if you 
prefer blue, lot 18. With each 
suit a 6 months’ Diary and 
Time Book free. If your 
dealer will not furnish Key¬ 
stone goods, send his name, 
and we’ll supply you. 
Cleveland & Whitehill Co. 
Newburgh, N. Y. 
TBADB M AIK KKGXSTXHKD. 
■STEEL CLAD ST PNC BOAT 
'ht/z/rrre/e a*aascm£S ret*, a*/c 
pat'o AuG.aoia leas 
The Farmers HANDY WAGON 
Company, 
SAGINAW, Mich. 
are makers of 
Low-Down 
Wide-Tire 
F ARM 
TRUCKS. „ /co 
METAL 
WHEELS M 
Old Farm Wagons, and 
All-Steel Trucks. 
Circulars Free. 
Eree wagons forL4444; 
Q2110; U100; A A 100; 
K2503; TS9Q0: F5285. 
Wagon World Awheel. 
Half a million of these steel 
wheels have been sent out on 
our own wagons and to fit other 
wagons. It is the wheel that 
determines the life of any 
wagon, and this is the longest 
lived wheel made. Do vou want 
a low down Handy >Vagon to 
use about the place? We will fit 
out your old wagon with Elec¬ 
tric Wheels of any size and 
any shape tire, straight or stag- 
- gered spokes. No cracked hubs, no 
loose spokes, no rotten felloes, no resetting. Write for 
the big new catalogue. Itis free. 
Electric Wheel Co., Box 88*Quincy, Ilia. 
yA 
No. 3076 Buggy 
Price $47.55 
Shipment from C but 
V 
No. 240 
.Single strap harness 
Price #8.80 
To Every 
Owner of a Horse 
Our system of selling carriages and harness direct from 
the factory should interest every owner of a horse. It 
means not only a substantial saving, but a greater assortment 
to select from and the guarantee of a high grade vehicle. 
We Sell Carriages 
at Factory Cost 
with only a slight profit added. This system is saving thousands of 
dollars for horse owners in every part of the country. It will save 
money for you. Instead of two profits going into the jobbers and 
dealers pockets, they will go into yours. We give a positive guarantee 
with each purchase that if the carriage does not suit, you can return it 
to us and we will pay freight charges both ways. We also sell harness 
robes, etc., direct from the fac- J Address 
tory under the same guarantee. 
Write to-day for catalogue The COLUMBUS 
containing full particu- CARRIAGE A 
lars with illustrations. ^ HARNESS CO. 
Columbus, O. 
P. O. Box 772. 
St. Louis, Mo. 
P. O. Box 54. 
No. 1054 
Write to 
nearest office. 
rCanopy topcarriage. Price $}M>.HO. Shipment from Columbus 
'One SwallowMaketh Not a Summer 
\<i 
but one of our elegant buggies makes a summer de¬ 
lightful. You can buy one direct from us, saving deal¬ 
er’s and jobber’s profit of from 25 to 40 per cent and have 
30 DAYS' FREE TRIAL, 
to find whether it is what you want and 
a bargain. Isn’t that fair?‘We manufac¬ 
ture every vehicle we offer in our own 
factory or we could not afford to do this. 
Write at once for our 22nd annual cata¬ 
log. Full of buggy and harness bargains. 
Kalamazoo Carriage & Harness Mfg. Co., 
Pioneers of the Free Trial Plan, 
I Station K Kalamazoo, Mich 
TAKE THE “SHORT CUT” 
Better 
than your 
dealer 
will sell 
you for 
$ 100.00 
Pi 
\a buying vehicles, and cut out the agent*’ eommi**lon*, tru v elin«r men’* *ulur le* and 
expense* and dealers’ and middlemen’* profit*. You have all ot these expenses to pay in added 
price, everv time you buy in any other way than we propose here. We sell vehicles of all kinds only 
, direct from, factory to user at wholesale prices. 
>V e nave no agents,^ no traveling men, and no dealer handles our goods. W e save you this added ex¬ 
pense in the low price at which we sell you direct. Here is one of many instances. See cut. Tht* 
Splendid, Comfortable, Styliali, Long: Wear, Top Buggy, lor only 
$55.80—Good tiMdcalers and other* would a*k you $100.00 for. 
Iinui IT IQ UinC 'lhe gear, which is the real foundation ot a buggy, is a* 
nUH II lv IflAUlLl follows: 15-16 inch, refined steel, “lrng distance ’ axles; 
best white hickory axle beds, double full length reach, mortised through head block, and 
ironed full length—unusually strong. New Halley Loop* to carry body. Openrub- 
ber head springs, easy and noiseless. Brewster fifth wheel. Wheels with Sarven patent, 
shell band or compressed band hubs; %*,% or 1 inch oval steel tires; all wood, of bestsec- 
^ J ^ ' 1 —^ ond growth hickory. Hickory shafts with quick Bhift, anti-rattler coupling, points covered 
S(J in. with-eather. Piano body, 20, 22 or 24 in. wide by 65 in. long. Wide, deep, roomy seat, with high comfortable back. Top has 3 or 4 
bows, according to order. Bow sockets and prop nuts patent leather covered. Cushions ami back upholstered in 18 oz.all-wool broadcloth, 
equipped with genuine steel wire, coil springs,and stuffed with hair. High, strong, padded dash,covered wlthgenuine patent leather, and 
with hand holes. Body painted velvet black, plain or striped. Gear is painted Brewster green. New York red,or any other color as ordered. 
OUR LARGE NEW VEHICLE CATALOG contamsevery kind and variety of vehicle you could possibly want. It 
gives correct cuts, snowing just how the vehicle looks, and full description as to how they are made. The price is given in plain figures In 
every instance. We ship every vehicle listed in our catalogue, subject to your examination and approval. Weguarartee every job for 
two years. The book also contains a full line of harness adapted to anyuse. We mull It free to ull Inquirers* Write for it to-day. 
MARVIN SMITH CO., 62 N. JEFFERSON ST., CHICACO, ILLINOIS. 
BEFORE BUYING SffSSrsir 
ANEW HARNESS alogue glv- 
———■ lng full de¬ 
scription and prices of all kinds of single and 
double harness and save 25 per cent. 
King Harness Co. 510 Church St., 0wego,N.Y. 
BUGGIES a har ness 
This 850 
TOP HKiOY 
?0U CAN BUY OF US AT FACTORY PRICES 
W^vL-i i i "7i 1 aetOMS—Snrreys ~ W All Kinds of HARNESS 
a,” 1 ;® 011 U 3 re . ct to you a vehicle or harness as cheap as dealers 
*. r K°°ds in car-load lots. Don't pay profits to middlemen. 
uur w °rkts all high-grade, correct styl e, and elegantly finished. 
Showing largest line 
Vehieles&ll aniens at 
— ■ ---- --- Lowest Prices In L’.S. 
All \\ ork Guaranteed and Shipped on Approval. 
CONSUMERS CARRIAGE & M’F’G. CO. 
232 So. Deeplalnes Street, CHICAGO. ILL. 
Send 
For 
wvrais an nign-grade, correct style, anc 
FREE CATALOGUE 
PUMPS 
WATER— 
SHELLS 
CORN- 
GRINDS 
FEED- 
CHURNS 
BUTTER- 
—and hundreds of other jobs with the 
strength of 15 men. Most Convenient and 
useful power ever invented. Costs only TWO 
cents per hour to run. Especially adapted 
to farm work. 
it is a NEW ENGINE made by 
Kansas City 
St. Paul 
igo Minneapolis 
Cleveland Omaha 
Cincinnati 
Detroit 
Louisville 
Fairbanks 
Morse & 
COi'p.ny 
Chicago 
Denver 
Salt Lake City 
San Francisco 
Indianapolis Los Angeles 
St. Louis Portland, Ore. 
NOW FOR THE NEW SEASON. 
Since a satisfied customer is the best advertisement we could have, we 
propose to satisfy everyone that our 
Split Hickory Vehicles 
are the best made, and will ship anywhere on 30 Days’ Free Trial. Take 
it home, hitch to it, use it, and pay for it when you are satisfied that it is 
a bargain. We would not dare do this, if we did not know that every¬ 
thing we make would prove satisfactory. If you do not think they are 
the best, after a fair trial send them back. We won’t quarrel with you. 
Our new catalogue fully explains this plan and shows our full line of 
vehicles and harness; it is free. 
Ohio Carriage Mfg. Co,, Station 39» Cincinnati, O. 
