1902 
1 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER) 
269 
Plums for Pennsylvania. 
B. L. H., Campbelltoum, Pa .—Have you ex¬ 
perience of the Gueii, Purple Egg. Gen. 
Hand and Prince Yellow Gage plums? I 
have no trouble in raising plums; all kinds 
do fairly well with the exception of Gueii 
and Purple Egg, as they rot badly in the 
face of all chemical spraying. Would you 
advise me to graft them to other sorts, or 
would you let them go awhile? Lombard 
and Japan sorts give me no trouble about 
rotting. Gen. Hand, Jefferson and Prince 
Yellow Gage are not bearing yet. Are they 
of any value? 
Ans. —The most profitable of the Do- 
mestica plums in Pennsylvania and New 
York are Grand Duke, Arch Duke and 
some of the German prunes, of which 
Feiienberg and York State seem to be 
the leading kinds. All these are dark 
blue, which color seems to suit the pub¬ 
lic better than any of the green or yel¬ 
low plums. It might be well to graft 
some of the least profitable of the varie¬ 
ties mentioned by B. L. H. to these lat¬ 
ter kinds. h. e. v. d. 
Destroying Moles. 
B. J., Wilton, Conn.—We have an aspara¬ 
gus bed of about two acres which we have 
been obliged to reset three times in con¬ 
sequence of the moles running through the 
rows in the Spring and eating off the young 
shoots as fast as they start to grow, so 
that scarcely a stalk could be seen above 
ground until after the cutting season was 
over. Can anyone advise us as to what 
will effectually eradicate the moles and 
prevent their destroying the crop? We have 
tried sowing on salt without any benefit 
whatever. Is there any known remedy? 
Ans. —There is apparently no reliable 
method of ridding a garden of moies ex¬ 
cept by the careful use of traps. Several 
reliable ones are on the market, such as 
the Hales, Olmstead, Reddick and others. 
If a field is badly infested it is well to 
procure several traps and give close at¬ 
tention to their use until the pests are 
under control. Moles are supposed to 
be entirely carnivorous, eating nothing 
but living insects and earthworms found 
in their burrowing operations, though 
many people insist they eat roots and 
bulbs as well. It is probable that most, 
if not all the plant food actually con¬ 
sumed in mole runs, is eaten by mice, 
which find the extended burrows a fine 
field of operations. Some success has 
been reported in poisoning moles by 
dropping bits of fresh and salt fish poi¬ 
soned with strychnine in their burrows, 
but it is likely more mice than moles 
were destroyed by this means. 
Good and Bad Qualities of Flat Peas. 
C. 8., Middlcville, Mich .—What are the 
good and bad qualities of Lathyrus sil- 
vestrls, the Flat pea? Has It been a suc¬ 
cess or not? 
Ans. —The first information of import¬ 
ance concerning the Flat pea (Lathyrus 
silvestris) was published in Bulletin 91 
of the Michigan Experiment Station in 
1893. At this Station they found that 
the seed germinates slowly, the young 
plant appearing at the surface in 17 to 
28 days, that these young plants grow 
slowly and require care to keep the 
weeds down, and that on poor, unim¬ 
proved sandy soil the first year the top 
grows six to eight inches and the root 
12 to 15 inches. On sandy soil that had 
been improved a somewhat better 
growth the first year results. The tops 
are not easily injured by frost, and the 
roots winter well. In 1897, in again re¬ 
porting on this plant, this Station states 
that the greatest hindrance to its use is 
in its unpalatability to stock. Well-fed 
animals consume the fodder, either green 
or dry, with reluctance. The experience 
of the Michigan Station showed it to be 
a heavy yielder, and the total product of 
a measured acre in the green state was 
a cutting of 12 tons in June and again in 
September of 8Y 2 tons, and a total of dry 
fodder of 4 y 2 tons. At the Indiana Sta¬ 
tion we planted a plot to this plant some 
years ago. The seed germinated very 
slowly, and the plants grew in like man¬ 
ner, so that the first .year much weed¬ 
ing was necessary to keep the ground 
clean of weeds. We never succeeded 
after this jj) gecvqring ,a crop of any im¬ 
portance, and further, our stock would 
practically never eat it. The plants here 
wintered well, and were grown on a fer¬ 
tile brown loam. I think our experience 
has generally agreed with that of other 
experiment stations, and to the best of 
my knowledge it has been quite general¬ 
ly discarded as a serious agricultural 
crop. One would much better grow cow 
peas or Soy beans. c. s. plumb. 
When to Plow Cow Peas. 
C. O., Webster, Mass.— The various articles 
on cow peas have been very interesting. 
Is it advisable to leave cow peas standing 
in the field through our New England 
Winters, and plow them under in Spring? 
Will they lose their manurial value tnere- 
by? The case is this: I have a piece of 
gravelly, worn-out grass land that I wish 
to try to improve with cow peas. I have 
no manure to put on, and do not wish to 
buy fertilizer for this particular piece. My 
plan is, after cutting what little grass there 
is about the end of June, to plow and sow 
cow peas, leave them to grow and remain 
on the field till Spring, plow them under 
and plant fodder corn. Or should I plow 
under the cow peas this Fall, sow Winter 
rye as a cover crop, cut the rye green in 
late Spring, plow under the rye stubble, 
and plant fodder corn? 
Ans. —On such land, level so that it 
does not wash badly, we have had best 
results from leaving the cow-pea vines 
undisturbed on top of the ground. The 
rye adds little to the fertility of the soil, 
and when plowed under the next Spring 
may do more harm than good unless it 
is packed down hard with a roller. If 
you need the rye as a soiling crop it 
may pay best to sow it, but for ferti¬ 
lizing purposes we would not use it. We 
have had fair success at sowing Crim¬ 
son clover among the cow peas early in 
August. When this is done just before 
a rain a fair proportion of the seed will 
sprout ana grow and hold the ground 
after frost kills the cow-pea vines. A 
variety like Early Black that drops its 
leaves early in September will give the 
best chance for success with this clover 
seeding. 
Cow Peas.— I have raised them here on 
top of the Allegheny Mountains (2,000 feet 
elevation) two years in succession, and 
turned down about 14 tons per acre; fol¬ 
lowed same with eight acres of corn last 
year, and had 700 bushels of ears, which 
was nearly double what I expected from 
a poor field. l. h. s. 
Cambria Co., Pa. 
Rape and Peanuts.— Here is a question 
from Massachusetts: 
“Can you give me any information as 
to the relative value of rape as a fodder, 
compared with other fodder? Can pea¬ 
nuts be raised in Massachusetts, or is the 
season too short?’’ 
We have raised both rape and peanuts 
at Hope Farm, but shall buy our peanuts 
hereafter. The southern peanuts are bet¬ 
ter, and cow peas give us a far greater 
vine growth. Rape is with us a useful 
pasture crop. It is a turnip with just root 
enough to produce a big top.' Above 
ground it looks somewhat like a cabbage 
which was so ambitious to get “up” in 
the world that it lost its head. It grows 
straight up—on rich soil three or four feet 
high. It may be cut or pastured, and 
then, if left alone, will make a heavy sec¬ 
ond growth, and even a third. The seed 
may be sown at any time that you would 
sow turnips. It is good for nothing as 
hay or silage—useful only for pasture or 
for cutting green. It is worthless for 
cows, fairly good feeding for horses; very 
good for hogs and sheep, and excellent for 
poultry. It will not compare with clover 
in feeding value, but we call it better than 
green rye or corn fodder. We use it for 
hog pasture, and consider it very useful. 
It requires rich soil, and does not do well 
in the shade. When stock are first turned 
into it care must be taken, or they will 
bloat. _ 
When you write advertisers mention The 
R. N.-Y. and you will get a quick reply and 
“a square deal.” See our guarantee Sth page. 
mine Ctnrb—Finely-rooted California Privet, 
ipillo OlULlV 15 to 18 Inches and 18 to 24 inches; 
toria and Cherry Currants, 2 and 3-year; Loudon 
1 Miller Raspberry Prices right. 
WM II MflKGAN. Westmont. N. .1. 
Geo. S. Josselyn 
Fbsdonia, N.Y. INTRODUCER OF 
Campbell’. Early .The Best Grape. 
Joa.elrn .The B « 8t Gooseberry. 
Fay . The Best Currant. 
Awarded gold »nd liWer medals at the Pan-Amerlo.n. 
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who suffers from 
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should un 
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It Conquers Pain, act* Uka 
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Price, 25c and 50a. 
•OLD BT ALL DEALERS IN MEDICINE. 
Don’t Be Late 
October Purple Plum and Green Moun¬ 
tain Grapevines are going. Send in your 
order early before stock is exhausted. 
We also have a full assortment of other 
Nursery Stock, Fruit, Forest and Orna¬ 
mental Trees, Shrubs, Small Fruits, 
Fruit. 
Its quality influences 
the selling price. 
Profitable fruit 
growing insured only 
when enough actual 
Potash 
is in the fertilizer. 
Neither quantity nor 
good quality possible 
without Potash. 
Write for our free books 
giving details. 
GERMAN KALI WORKS, 
93 .Nassau St., New York City. 
TREESSucceed where 
UnrgeHt Nursery. OTHERS FAIL. 
Fruit Hook Free. Ro8iiltof77 joars’experience. 
STARK BROS., Louisiana, Mo., DansilUo, N. Y. 
Q| M1ITQ - Strawberry, Cabbage, Tomato, Pep- 
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and Egg Plant. Asparagus Roots. Catalogue free. 
CALEB BOGGS & SON. Cheswold, Del. 
Plants and Trees Lady Garrison Straw¬ 
berry. 18,000 quarts to the acre. Cumberland Rasp¬ 
berry Plants at $2 per 100; Kansas Blackcap, 86 per 
1,000; Strawberry Plants as low as $1.25 per 1,000 and 
up. My stock is tine. Catalogue free. 
D. W. MOSLEY, Dover, Del. 
Roses, Asparagus, etc. Send for our free 
catalogue. Address 
STEPHEN HOYT’S SONS, 
APPLE 
CIONS 
PROM BEARING TREKS. 
Rome Beauty. Sutton Beauty, On¬ 
tario, Maiden Blush,ITubbardston. 
J. S. Woodward, Lockport, N. Y. 
New Canaan, Conn. 
CRIMSON WINTER 
Plum and Pear Trees 
RHUBARB 
Not six days, but Six Months Earlier than any 
other variety. Absolutely perpetual if kept from 
severe freezing. The best new vegetable offered 
during the past 20 years. Also the Grand New Shasta 
Daisy. Send for price-list. 
LUTHER BURBANK, 
Burbank’s Experimental Farms. Santa Rosa, Cal. 
COLD MEDAL GLADIOLI 
Groff's Hybrid Gladioli received the Gold Medal and 
Thirteen First Awards at the Pan- 
American Exposition. 
I have the Latest and only Complete Collection of 
GROFF’S HYBRIDS 
In the United States, and Control over Seventy-five 
per cent, of .all Stock Grown and Introduced by Mr. 
Groff. Write for Catalogue. 
ARTHUR COWEE, Gladiolus Specialist, 
Meadowvale Farm. Berlin, N. Y. 
I have a surplus on Apple, Kieffer and 
Plum Trees. Until sold, I will give very 
low rates. Send list. 
C. A. BENKTETT, 
Robbinsville, N. J. 
100 Varieties. Also Small Fruits,Trees, Ac. Best Root¬ 
ed stock. Genuine, cheap. 2 sample vines mailed for 10c. 
Descriptive price-list free. LEWIS BOK80H, KreduaJa, N. I. 
■ Dew berries,Currants, Grapes, 
■-— ■ Strawberries, etc I guarantee 
every plant to be true to name and variety and to 
be strong, healthy, well rooted and fresh dug. 
Send for large New Catalogue. It Is mailed free. 
ALLEN L. WOOD, Wholesale Grower, Rochester, New York. 
EVERGREENS 
Largest stock In Amer¬ 
ica, Including 
Colorado Blue Spruoe 
and Douglas Spruce 
of Colorado, 
Also, Ornamental, 
Shade and Forest Trees, 
Tree Seeds, Etc. 
R. DOUGLAS’ SONS, 
Waukegan, Ill. 
TREES 
M QPQ inn APFLE, pear, PLUM and PEACH, healthy, true to name 
“til IUU* and Fumigated. All kinds of trees and plants at low whole¬ 
sale prices. Don’t buy until you get our catalogue, which is free, or send list of wants 
for special price. Address, RELIANCE NUT~ 
RELIANCE NURSERY, Box 1, Geneva, New York. 
Rogers Trees are Safe Trees. 
THE TREE BREEDERS. 
DANSVILLE, N. Y. 
FRUIT 
Cayuga Nurseries. 
Choice two-year Bartletts, s 
feet, at $15 per 100. Other bargains 
in Peaches, Japan Plums 
and Apples-. Free Catalogue. 
Established 1847. H. S. WILEY/Cayuga, N. Y. 
TREES 
Dwyer’s 
Nurseries 
ESTABLISHED 1884. 
Two Hundred Acres devoted to the propagating of Fruit 
and Ornamental Trees and Plants. Landscape Gardening 
and the Beautifying of the Home Grounds our leading 
Specialty. Write now for our 72-page Descriptive and Illu¬ 
strated Catalogue. We send it postpaid free on application. 
Ask for any Information you are in need of on horticulture. 
T. J. DWYER <& SON , 
Orane-e Countv Nurseries. Box 1. Cornwall. N.Y. 
NURSERYSTOCK 
Thoroughly Fumigated, with Hydrocyanic Acid Gas. 
We have a full Hue and make a specialty of selling direct to tlie planter. We therefore study his 
wants. We advise young, thrifty stock and 1-year old trees to plant is our hobby. Try some of 
them and be convinced. Send for our free descriptive catalogue of all sizes and kinds of nursery stock. 
JOS. H. BLACK, SON & CO., H1GHTSTOWN, N. J. 
