288 
April 19 
FARMERS’ CLUB 
[Every query must be accompanied by 
the name and address of the writer tp in¬ 
sure attention. Before asking- a question, 
please see whether it is not answered in 
our advertising columns. Ask only a few 
questions at one time. Put questions on a 
separate piece of paper.] 
The “ Wonderful Plant " Pencilaria. 
IP. H. R., Irving, Ore.—A seed company 
is sending out samples of a “wonderful 
new fodder plant” called Pencilaria. Have 
any practical tests been made of this, and 
is its value as a forage plant well estab¬ 
lished? I am somewhat suspicious of 
plants that “yield 95 tons per acre.” 
We grew this on a small scale at this 
Station in 1900. It made a fair growth, 
and I should judge that for forage pur¬ 
poses it is about the equivalent of Millo 
maize. We have not, however, made 
any very accurate estimate of its forage 
value, as we have of a number of other 
annual forage plants. The extravagant 
claims that have been made for it by 
certain parties were not made good by 
the trial made here. I do not think that 
we have in this plant a forage plant of 
greater value than we have in sorghum 
or in some of the non-saccharine sor¬ 
ghums. T. L. LYON. 
Nebraska Exp. Station. 
Pearl millet was formerly known as 
Penicillaria spicata. It is a strong grow¬ 
er, and in good seasons, well cared for, 
it gives an astonishing crop, which 
forms valuable forage for horses and 
cattle. On poor land, or with careless 
cultivation, it is disappointing. In good 
seasons it may be cut several times. 
Treating Smut in Seed Corn. 
A. J. H., Cascade, N. Y.— I raised 20 acres 
of corn last season and it was very badly 
covered with smut, as all State corn was. 
Can you tell me if the same treatment ad¬ 
vised for oats will do for seed corn, and 
will it be a preventive of smut? 
Ans.—I t would be useless to soak the 
seed corn in formalin. That has been 
frequently done without preventing tne 
smut. Seed corn has also been rolled in 
the smut before planting without in¬ 
creasing the damage. This seems to 
prove that while the smut enters the oat 
plant through the seed it does not enter 
the corn plant in the same way. The 
germs of the smut are in or on the oats 
when we sow them. If they are not de¬ 
stroyed they grow with the oats and 
weaken the plant from the first. We 
soak the seed in order to kill these 
germs, so that the plant may have a 
fairer chance. The germs of Corn smut 
float in the air and enter the plant from 
without. Thus you will see that soak¬ 
ing the seed corn would have no effect 
in killing the smut germs. It would be 
like trying to kill the lice on a hen by 
spraying the egg with tobacco water 
beforo it was hatched. 
Bitter Rot in Apples. 
J. /., Culpeper, Va .—What effect have 
cedar trees on the fungus in apple or¬ 
chards? We are very much troubled with 
ripe rot in apples, which has destroyed 
over three-fourths of our crop before ma¬ 
turing for two years past. Twenty-four 
years ago, when we moved here, but two 
apple trees were on the farm. One of 
them died a couple of years later without 
any apparent cause. On examination the 
roots were found to be rotten. An or¬ 
chard planted about that time grew rap¬ 
idly and came into bearing, but many of 
the thrifty trees first show a lack of color! 
in foliage, and on examination are dying 
in the roots. Sometimes one side of the 
tree will live a couple of years, but eventu- 
all die, too. 
Ans.—T he fungus disease known as 
the “Apple rust” develops through one 
of its essential stages on the cedar or 
juniper, causing thereon the so-called 
“cedar apples” or “cedar balls.” Spores 
from these are carried to apple leaves, 
on which they produce a rusty appear¬ 
ance. Apparently this fungus does not 
attack the fruit, and this is the only 
fungus disease of the apple which has 
any connection with cedars. The “ripe 
or bitter rot” of apples is a different 
kind of fungus which attacks the fruit, 
and it is a very destructive disease, es- 
THE KB KAL NEW-YORKER. 
pecially in the South. The disease is 
more destructive during damp weather. 
As many of the spores winter over on 
the “mummied” apples which hang on 
the trees during the Winter, consider¬ 
able can be done to check it by picking 
off and burning these fruits before 
Spring. It would also help to rake up 
and burn or bury all fallen fruit and 
rubbish. Then thorough work with the 
Bordeaux Mixture, making one applica¬ 
tion before the blossoms open, one just 
after they fall, and one or two more at 
intervals of 10 days, will very materially 
reduce the disease. On some varieties a 
still later spraying with ammonia-cop¬ 
per-carbonate solution will doubtless 
pay. I cannot make a reasonable guess 
at the cause of the roots of the trees 
rotting. It would be well to ask the di¬ 
rector of the Virginia Experiment Sta¬ 
tion at Blacksburg to have an expert 
visit the orchard, m. v. slingerland. 
Contract With a Nurseryman. 
Reader, Penobscot Co., Me.— I ordered last 
Fall from a nursery firm a few fruit trees 
and other things. They charged me for 
apple trees 30 cents each, Bartlett pears 75 
cents each, plum trees 75 cents each, and 
for one dozen Rathbun blackberries $2. 
In looking over another catalogue I found 
apple trees priced at 25 cents, Bartlett pears 
50 cents, Abundance plum 25 cents, Rath- 
bun blackberries $1 a dozen. I wrote the 
firm telling them that I could get the goods 
from reliable parties at less prices than 
they made, and asked them if they would 
not make prices the same, and failing 
that, told them I desired to cancel the 
order. Tn reply they write a very inde¬ 
pendent letter stating that they will neither 
change their price nor cancel the order. 
They say, in fact: “We hold your note 
signed and delivered by which you bound 
yourself to pay a certain sum upon the 
delivery of certain stock. We shall surely 
collect the note, and when you object to 
prices again object before you purchase 
and not after.” Can I be forced to take 
this stuff at a price of nearly 100 per cent 
in advance of that charged by others? 
Ans. —If you signed a contract to buy 
certain goods at a certain figure you 
will have to make the contract good un¬ 
less you can show that fraud was prac¬ 
ticed in some way. There is nothing to 
show any fraud in this transaction. The 
cheaper trees may or may not be as good 
as those you bought. The prices charged 
for the first lot are high unless they are 
the finest stock. The chances are that 
the first lot of trees is of better quality 
than the other. If you did not sign any 
agreement or note you certainly have a 
right to cancel your order. Why did you 
not write to various nurserymen and ob¬ 
tain comparative figures before buying? 
This would have been easy, and you 
could have had a good basis for figuring. 
That is one of the things that advertise¬ 
ments and catalogues are for. They 
give you a fair chance to settle upon 
prices before you order. 
Tanning Hide with Hair On.— Some 
one inquires how to do it in The R. N.-Y. 
The simplest and easiest way of all known 
to me is as follows: First scrape off all 
meat; then salt hide thoroughly. Tack It 
up, drawn tight, on wall, sprinkle well 
with air-slaked lime. Let it hang till dry— j 
a, month or more. This process leaves skin 
pliable. J. w. 
Bowling Green, Ky. 
During the sixty-two years that Dr. D. Jayne’s 
Expectorant has been used in the treatment of Pul¬ 
monary disorders, the percentage of cures has largely 
increased. Undeniably, IT HEADS THE LUNQ8.— 
Adv. 
ODD-YEAR BALDWINS 
—Cions from bear- 
ions of Walter Pease Apple from original stock 
O. L. HALL, Springfield, Mass. 
Choice Early Bovee Potatoes, No. 1 
I Of wClIG size, $1.25 per bushel; No. 2 size, 75c. 
Address J. D. MILTON, Seneca, Ont. Co., N. Y. 
Seed Potatoes. 
VAUGHAN’S NEW WHITE OHIO, an im¬ 
provement on the Early Ohio and identical with that 
variety excepting color, which Is pure white,growing 
close together in the hill—always a good seller, 
commanding the top price on the early market. 
Our Seed is grown in the rich dark soil of the Red 
River Valley of the Northwest from our own stock 
seed by our own grower, carefully selected for seed 
purposes, free from scabby, prongy tubers. Price, 
per bushel, $2. Write for price on quantity. 
VaUGHAN’S SEED SI 
Chicago: 
84 Randolph Street. 
New York: 
14 Barclay Street. 
Sharpen your™®;-*:® 
( L3WH Mower MowerSharpener. 
, Thousands in practical use. oOc. by mail. 
E. VaBER, JR.. 355 Muluerry St., Newark, N. J. 
A HUNDRED USES 
Chloro-Naptholeum has a hundred uses, sucli as dipping sheep; kill¬ 
ing lice on sheep, cattle, hogs and chickens; curing mange, sores 
and cuts on cattle and horses; curing roup and cholera in chickens ; 
disinfecting stables, pens and poultry houses. It prevents hog 
cholera. Prevents abortion in cows. Cures sore teats and garget. 
Cliloro-Naptholeum lias stood the tests of experts, the tests of trials and 
the test of time. It is the surest, safest and cheapest disinfectant and 
cure. It cures and prevents disease and keeps stock healthy. 
Sent FREE.our useful hooks, “Sheep and Cattle Diseases,” and “Swine Diseases.” 
WEST DISINFECTING CO., 4 E. 59th St., N. Y. 
York Imperial 
Apple Trees 
This is a favorite wherever grown. 
Very valuable for market, medium 
size, greenish yellow, striped with 
bright red, fins appearance, sells at 
sight, excellent quality. Treee vigor¬ 
ous, very produotlve; has 
FEW OFF YEARS. 
Our New Catalogue gives prices on 
this and 40 other varieties, Apples, 
Plums, Apricots, Cherries, Quinces, 
Peach Trees, Grapevines, Currants, 
Asparagus and Strawberry Plants. 
Prices right, everything guaranteed. 
Get our catalogue and see. 
HARRISON’S NURSERIES, 
Seed Sweet Potatoes.—Improved Big 
Stem Jersey, $2.50 per barrel; $3.25 per 8-basket bar¬ 
rel. J. W. K1LLKN, Felton, Del. 
P otatoes—Bovee,Carman,Cobbler, Harvest, Hebron, 
Ohio,Rose,Queen.85 kinds. C.W.Ford, Fishers, N.Y. 
Selected Seed. Price List F 
rOIoTUGS E. M. MARVIN. Sun, Mich. 
QKKI) POT ATOES—Wholesale prices on early ship- 
^ ments. Best early and late varieties. Catalogue. 
W. K. IME8 SEED CO., Capac, Mich. 
For Sale 
$1.25 per bu. 
—Choice Seed Potatoes. Strictly pure; 
Carman No. 3, $1 per bu.: Early Everett 
L. W. McELWAIN, Wilawana, Pa. 
$1 Bu. 
—Carman No. 3, my best variety 
Highest possible number of vigor¬ 
ous plants to the dollar’s cost o£ seed. 
E. A. HILL, Windham, Greene County, N. Y. 
For Sale 
—600 bushels Early Black Cow 
Peas at $1.75 per bu.; 600 bush¬ 
els Delaware-grown Crimson Clover Seed at $3 per 
bu.; 500 bushels second-growth Seed Potatoes at $1.10 
per bushel. J. E. HOLLAND, Milford, Del. 
ft.. J Karly Bovee - Northern 
OCCU r 0131065 Beauty.Gem of Aroostook, 
Green Mountain. Million Dollar, Hammond’s Won¬ 
derful, 4-bushel barrel, $4; Carman No. 3, Sir Walter 
Raleigh. $3.70 4-bushel barrel. A square deal guar¬ 
anteed to all. C. W. BURNETT, Phelps, N. Y. 
Choice Seed Potatoes 
grown expressly for seed. A few hundred bushels 
left, and wish to close out quick, at 90 cents per 
bushel, Carman No. 3, Sir Walter Kaleigli, 
Livingston County Banner, Early Fortune, 
Michigan and Harvest. Also trne DWARF 
ESSEX RAPE seed. 25 pounds or more, 6 cents 
per pound; bags, 15 cents. Cash with order. P. 0. 
Money Order Oflioe, Caledonia, N. Y. Reference: 
First National Bank. Caledonia, N. Y. 
D. C. MCPHERSON SEED CO., Garbutt, N.Y. 
This advertisement will not appear again. 
Seed. Barley. 
Box 29, Berlin, Md. 
Choice Uecleaned two-rowed Seed Barley; 75 cents 
per bushel. HEWITT BROS.. Locke, N. Y. 
FRUIT 
Cayuga Nurseries. 
Choice two-year Bartletts, 5 
feet, at ,$15 per 100. Other bargains 
in Peaches, Japan Plums 
and Apples. Free Catalogue. 
Established 1847. H. S. WILISY, Cayuga, N. Y. 
TREES 
GRASS SEED 
CHOICE RE-CLEANED SEED FOR ALL PURPOSES 
Dreer’s Permanent Pasture Mixture cannot be excelled 
for producing abundant bay crops, and luxurious after- 
math. Full line of all Grasses and Clovers; also special 
mixtures for Lawns, Golf Links, etc. Circular and prices 
on application. HENRY A. DREER, I'hila., Pa. 
The Side Delivery 
Hay Windrower 
and Clover Buncher 
Is the best haymaker on the market. 
Saves ail raking and tedding. Fits any 
mower. If your dealer doesn’t handle 
it, write ns for catalogue. 
The Side Delivery Bimcher Co., 
TOLEDO, OHIO. 
100 Uses 
for the 
FARMERS HANDY WAGON 
can be found on every farm. Suits any kind of soil. 
Carries the heaviest loads without sinking in. 
Special introductory prices in new territory. Book 
about it, free. Good agents are in demand. We 
also sell metal wheels to fit any wagon. 
FARMERS’ HANDY WAGON CO., Saginaw, Mick- 
The^Business End of the 
NEW RUMELYSEPARATOR 
Like all the ‘‘Rumely Good*” this is simply perfection. When 
coupled to our New Rumely Rear Geared Traction I 
AT 4l, nnr .l.mn /Ml t flf- +Vl n f TT r\f. riTI 1 XT TY1 fill 
big 
ipicu uui ntn ivuuiv.j — —• - - ---—Engine 
y constitute a threshing outfit that not only makes 
ney for the thresher, but savea grain and money for 
i farmer. They are durable beyond com- <— 
•ison and when you buy them you are 
le buying for years to come. Take a little 
ie to think about how it would pay vou to 
n such an outfit, then write us for free catalog. 
M. RUMELY CO., La Porte, Ind. 
