1902 
387 
HOPE FARM NOTES 
Bio Stories.— My friend. Judge Blow- 
hard, finds fault because we talk so much 
about what he calls “chestnuts.” The best 
farmers, he says, can easily beat most of 
the records printed In the R. N.-Y., and 
many of the methods described are so old 
that these same best farmers have for¬ 
gotten about them. If you are to tell any 
story in print, he says, why not tell a big 
one? Now, the Judge is a fine farmer, 
with every advantage of natural ability, 
capital and training. If his crops failed 
entirely for a year or two, it would not 
ruin him, for he has money elsewhere that 
will tide him over. Being naturally a keen, 
shrewd man, with a good brain and no 
great amount of worry about the supply 
of bread and butter, he has studied and 
tested new methods as suggested by the 
experts. He lost some money at it, but 
he was able to take the risk, and, on the 
whole, has made a good profit by his in¬ 
vestigations. Now he finds fault, because 
we give space to some things which he 
knows all about—he calls them “chest¬ 
nuts.” Let's see about this! 
Who Benefits?— The trouble with the 
Judge is that he forgets some things as he 
learns others. The things that he now 
calls “chestnuts” were at one time the 
freshest of mental food to him. Remem¬ 
bering this, and with his opinion of his own 
powers, he ought to reason that if these 
things were once strange to him, they 
must be thick as mud to those whom he 
knows are duller than he is! Why, we 
have talked again and again about soak¬ 
ing seed potatoes in the formalin solution, 
to kill the scab. It seemed as though 
every man, woman and child in this coun¬ 
try ought to know all about it. Yet I have 
had at least 20 personal letters from good 
farmers, asking how to do it! Now, are 
we to understand Judge Blowhard and his 
friends to mean that they are the only 
people who should be instructed? I re¬ 
gret to say that some of our college and 
experiment station men have something of 
the idea expressed by Judge Blowhard. 
They go to the meetings of farm societies 
and they visit those farmers who naturally 
take an interest in advanced science. 
It seems to me sometimes that such men 
form their own idea of what the average 
farmer really needs by what these ex¬ 
perts say. • So it happens, that instead of 
getting down to the heart of agricultural 
needs, they don’t even rub off the skin! 
And it won’t do, either, for Judge Blow¬ 
hard to say that the dull and indifferent 
should be left alone, for their failure to 
reach a higher level in their work surely 
hurts all who try to make a living on the 
farm. I call it a noble privilege to be per¬ 
mitted to graft a “chestnut” where it will 
grow into helpful fruit. 
Bordeaux Mixture.— “Everybody ought 
to know how to make that,” says Judge 
Blowhard. “Jhat’s a ‘chestnut’ with 
worms in it.” The truth is, that thousands 
of farmers never saw it, and don’t know 
what it is used for. Hugh thinks he learned 
how to make it at Cornell. He put 12 
pounds of sulphate of copper in a bag and 
hung it on a stick over a wooden tub in 
which were 12 gallons of water. It slowly 
dissolved. Then he put lime and water 
into a bucket, and kept it well stirred. We 
have some Lewis lye left over from last 
year. In making his Bordeaux, he puts 
water in the barrel, and then measures out 
the solution of copper sulphate and pours 
that in. Then a pound of the lye dissolved 
in water is added, and enough of the lime 
in the water to give the test. This test is 
made by dropping a solution of l'errocyan- 
ide of potash into the Bordeaux. So long 
as the copper is too strong this test shows 
a reddish-brown color. When lime enough 
has been added there will be no change in 
color. This test is not always needed, for 
an expert can tell by the color when lime 
enough has been used, but we consider it 
safer to go by the test. We use this Bor¬ 
deaux with a pound of Paris-green to the 
barrel of water fm- spraying the apple 
trees, and expect to use it three times on 
the potatoes during the season. 
Does It Pay?— Judge Blowhard says It 
pays him well. No one seems to deny that 
wherever we can put a thin coat of cop¬ 
per, there we shall kill plant disease. Will 
the disease be bad enough, if left alone, 
to injure the plant? Can we put the cop¬ 
per on so that it will stay there? It is all 
very well for a. man like the Judge to tell 
us what we ought to do, but this year the 
following jobs all come together: Spray¬ 
ing, corn planting, plowing for sugar beets, 
planting sweet potatoes and Lima beans 
and harrowing potatoes. How is it possible 
to do all these things well? Can’t the 
Judge and his friends see that part of their 
cut-and-dried advice will be cut again, 
and part of it dried dead before the aver¬ 
age farmer can use it? I shall spray the 
potatoes for just the same reason that I 
insure my property. I can’t prove that I 
ever got a dollar back for the riioney spent 
on insurance, yet I don’t consider it lost. 
Other people in whom I have great confl- 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER. 
dence claim that by copper-plating their 
potato vines, they have gold-plated their 
pocketbooks. Mine would stand a gold- 
plate an inch thick. 
Garden Notes.—I have spoken of the 
strawberry plants put out last August 
with the Richards transplanter. They 
were in rows three feet apart. They grew 
well through September, and the few run¬ 
ners they made were trained and set in 
the row. This year we had well-filled rows 
of strong plants, each with one or two 
good sprays of fruit. We planted Nott’s 
Excelsior peas midway between the straw¬ 
berry rows. They are growing well, and 
will be off in time to let the strawberries 
run. We can set late cabbage after the 
peas are pulled and pot the best straw¬ 
berry runners. . . . The Alaska peas are 
looking well. As they broke through the 
ground, Philip planted early sweet corn 
between them. This corn was two inches 
high by the middle of May. As soon as the 
peas are picked, out come the vines and in 
go Hubbard squash seeds. When the corn 
is cut, either fodder corn or cabbage fol¬ 
low, and when Jack Frost claims the 
squashes, rye will cover the ground. . . . 
We have learned to transplant many 
things. Onions, beets, carrots can all be 
“set out” when young with good results. 
Many farmers transplant cabbage, toma¬ 
toes or lettuce, and stop there. I have 
transplanted sweet corn with good suc¬ 
cess, and melons and Lima beans do well 
if their roots are not broken too much. 
. . . We have tried several samples of the 
“seeded string,” made by the Israel Seed 
Co. This “string” is a twist of tissue 
paper in which seeds are placed at regu¬ 
lar distances. You bury the whole string 
in the ground. Onions, beets and radishes 
planted in this way gave us a perfect 
stand, the plants coming just where we 
wanted them. These “strings” are very 
useful in close planting, as they can be 
put down between two other rows without 
any disturbance. 
Farm Notes.— There Is little use in seed¬ 
ing clover, either Red or Crimson, on poor 
soil. These plants must be well cared for 
or they cannot grow. That Is where they 
differ from cow peas, which will grow on 
the poorest soil. I have one old field 
where clover failed. Cow peas made a 
good growth. They were plowed under, 
and now the clover is coming in. 
I have never started a crop that interests 
us as the Alfalfa does. The little plants 
are putting out their second joint. As 
compared with clover, the Alfalfa leaves 
look as though Nature had used her 
crimping iron on the edge to make them 
look like pie crust. What a blessing it will 
be for our farm if these little plants can 
fasten themselves to that hillside! . . . 
Last fall I set out 25 quince trees. I 
asked the nurseryman to cut the roots off. 
He cut all he dared to, and we cut about 
all he left, cut down the tops, put them in 
little holes in thick sod, and gave each a 
little mulch of manure. A first-class 
fruit-grower said they couldn’t live, be¬ 
cause the winds of Spring would dry them 
up before they could get hold of water 
with these mutilated roots! I don’t yet know 
what trees can do, but 24 of these quince 
trees are very much alive. They have 
thrown out their leaves and are as vigor¬ 
ous as need be. I wonder whether it is 
true that some of our fruit experts have, 
without knowing it, mixed the labels on 
prejudice and broad-gauge opinion. . . . 
I have been interested in seeing how our 
customers pick out little pigs. They are 
mostly farmers, who want a pig to make 
their pork. They usually pick the largest 
and fattest, without so much regard for its 
shape. 1 would take the long-bodied pig 
with square hams and shoulders, but the 
fat, well-rounded porker gets the call. 
Charlie, having started housekeeping in 
the new house, is to try an experiment 
with a little Berkshire which has too much 
white to use for breeding purposes. He 
will use the swill from his small family, 
a small amount of grain and the grass 
around the house, and see how much pork 
he can make. 
Pigs and Pasture.— Here is a good one 
from an Illinois man: “Can it be possible 
that the Hope Farm man has forgotten 
what seemed to impress him most on his 
‘western’ trip a couple of years ago? You 
say your May feed for hogs is the most 
expensive, when it should be the cheapest. 
Better chink up the holes in that stone 
fence and let the hogs out—where you can 
see them Sunday afternoons—into the Blue 
grass and clover, the cheapest feed in New 
Jersey, better than all the rape you can 
raise on Hope Farm. Give them a ghost, 
of a chance, and you won’t have to make 
baskets to pay off that mortgage!” 
That’s good. I was wrong on my May 
estimate, for rye, oats and clover came 
along faster than I expected. I thought 
when I wrote that before I could get green 
feed to take the place of roots, I should 
have to feed heavily of grain. I readily 
saw the profit in pasturing hogs, but it 
pays us better thus far, or, at least, we 
think so, to cut the green feed and carry; 
it to the hogs. Our friend probably never 
saw an old-fashioned stone wall in his life. 
Our eastern farms are often long and nar¬ 
row. In our own case the lower land is 
too useful for money crops to be used for 
pasture. On the hills, where pasture 
might be made, there is no water for the 
stock. The conditions in Illinois are so dif¬ 
ferent from ours that the scheme for using 
clover is about the only point of agree¬ 
ment. We think it pays us best to cut 
and carry the green stuff to the hogs. We 
may learn better later. We have made 
about as much pork out of an acre of 
cabbage as we have from any other crop, 
our hogs are doing well as it is. h. w. c. 
Experience with “New Onion Cul¬ 
ture.— When it first came out I tried a 
small plot for home use. The first time I 
sowed the seed too late and too thick, about 
the first of March. My plants were small 
and spindling when set; the tops lopped 
down so I could not run tools between the 
rows. I sheared them off about the middle. 
They were not much improvement on sets. 
The next season I sowed the seed about 
the middle of February in a fire-heated 
cabbage bed; temperature 70 degrees, till 
they came up; then reduced to 50 or 60 
degrees. I had much better plants. For 
about two weeks before setting out the 
plants took off the sash; had no bottom 
heat. The plants were fully as large as 
a cedar pencil. I took them up in bunches, 
sheared them off in the middle, sorted 
them, put the large plants on one side of 
plot, smaller on other in rows 16 inches 
apart, four inches apart in rows. When 
grown the onions almost touched each 
other. They were the finest lot of onions 
I have ever seen. As to labor they were 
easily cultivated. As soon as set I com¬ 
menced to cultivate. Setting out the 
plants I do not think is more than half 
the job that the first weeding of seedlings 
Is. The variety was Prizetaker. Next sea¬ 
son I had about the same results. Since 
then I have got a stock of Potato onions 
that I plant deep the first of November; 
then cover the ground with straw for the 
Winter; also Winter Egyptian onions that 
are ready for bunch onions the first of 
April. I think this the better plan for 
home use. I do not raise truck for sale, 
so 1 cannot speak of the commercial value 
of the new onion culture. To raise them 
in quantities would require a large space 
in a greenhouse. The rows should be four 
to five inches apart and the soil kept stirred 
between the rows. I have a greenhouse 
12 x 33 feet, heated with hot water pipes; 
it is covered with long sash. I use it to 
raise garden and bedding plants. As the 
season advances 1 stop the heat; can take 
the sash all off, so the plants are the same 
as out of doors. H. a. m’q. 
Camden, O. 
The Secret of 
He alth Re vealed 
After Fifty Years of Constant Study Dr. J. M 
Peebles, of Battle Creek, Mich., Has 
Perfected a Treatment That Gives 
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;itle of this won¬ 
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impossibilities of 
yesterday the 
realities of to¬ 
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the doctor that 
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will cure all 
chronic suffer¬ 
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instructed the 
Institute of which he is Physician-in-Ohief 
to give every reader of The Rural New- 
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free, just to demonstrate to them that 
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Which Book Shalll Send? 
Please tell me which book I may send 
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that I have found to get well. 
I have spent a lifetime on it. I have 
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treatment if I fail. 
With the book, I send you an order 
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have furnished the treatment to over 
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My success is due to learning how to 
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This offer shows my confidence. I 
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Let me take the risk. Ask for the book 
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Be fair with yourself; write to-day. 
simply state which 
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dress Or. Shoop, Box 
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Book No. 1 on Dyspepsia, 
Book No. 2 on the Heart, 
Book No. 3 on the Kidneys, 
Book No. 4 for Women, 
Book No. 5 for men (sealed), 
Book No. 6 on Rheumatism. 
Mild cases, not chronic, are often cured by one or 
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SAN JOSE SCALE. 
And other Insects can be Controlled by Using 
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JAMES GOOD. 93» N. Front St., Philadelphia, Pa. 
A Spraying 
Solution 
made by dissolving In cold water BLACK SOL¬ 
UBLE INSECTICIDE SOAP, the proportion of 
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THEr SPRAMOTOR 
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Sprtmolor Co.Buffalo,M.Y.londoB,(fan 
r 
Agents and Dealers 
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