442 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER. 
June 21 
Live Stockand Dairy f 
WASHINGS FROM A CREAMERY. 
I desire some information concerning' the 
disposition of the washings from a cream¬ 
ery which is situated at the head of a 
small stream. At present the washings 
are carried down the stream, and some¬ 
times become offensive. The desire of the 
owners of the creamery is to dispose of 
this matter in such a way as to let the 
water run clear into the brook, and thereby 
remove the offensive feature. Some sys¬ 
tem of filtration has been thought of. 
There is no other drainage afforded. Do 
you know of some inexpensive way out of 
the difficulty? To run the washings into 
a bed of sand and clean out the pit periodi¬ 
cally has been thought of. Ashes might 
be available, and perhaps they would col¬ 
lect the offensive matter and let the water 
run off clear. reader. 
Creamery drainage has always pre¬ 
sented difficulties, particularly when a 
portion or all of the washings from the 
churn are run into the drain. A very 
abundant flow of water is required to 
cleanse the drain or channel. A filter 
made of sand and charcoal would surely 
cleanse the water, but if you have never 
had experience in cleansing a large 
amount of waste daily you would cer¬ 
tainly not find it an “inexpensive way 
out.” In the first place I should arrange 
to run the buttermilk washings into the 
skim-milk tank. The amount is so small 
compared to the whole volume of skim- 
milk that it will not materially affect its 
value. I know of nothing that gives off 
such an offensive odor as decomposing 
buttermilk. With this stuff out of the 
way there should be no trouble in carry¬ 
ing the washings from the vats, cans, 
pails and floors into the stream, provided 
the water is not used for drinking pur¬ 
poses. There will be no danger of an 
odor from this class of waste unless the 
stream is stagnant. A liberal use of any 
of the common germicides or disinfect¬ 
ants will aid in destroying the accumu¬ 
lation. A large reservoir dug in the 
ground and filled with stone, the sur¬ 
rounding earth acting as a filter, will 
serve the purpose for a time, depending 
upon the nature of the soil, its porosity, 
etc. A risk, however, is to be taken in 
contaminating springs or wells adjacent. 
The danger comes from the water find¬ 
ing courses and leading no one knows 
where. Perhaps the small brook could 
be quite cheaply cleared or straightened, 
thus providing a constant flow of water; 
a little dredging here, a bank cut away 
there, where the stream spreads out so 
wide that it has but shallow depth. Con¬ 
fine it in a narrow run and you may be 
surprised to find how cheaply good 
drainage has been secured. The owner 
may have land upon which this waste 
could be turned to good use as a ferti¬ 
lizer. If the expense of hauling was 
minimized good results would be at once 
noticeable, particularly upon grass 
lands. The questioner will appreciate 
the difficulty of giving a definite answer 
without seeing the location. From 
among these hints some idea may be 
suggested that will solve the problem. 
II. E. COOK. 
THE PROFIT IN SQUAB BREEDING. 
There is a fair per cent of profit for 
capital invested and time required to 
take care of a flock of pigeons, provided 
the person in the business takes a keen 
interest in what he is doing, and has a 
quick observing eye to detect little 
things. I have bred pigeons for squabs 
and for fancy since I was a boy big 
enough to own anything in live stock, 
sometimes a fair-sized flock and some¬ 
times only a few odd pairs, and they al¬ 
ways paid me a goodly profit. The 
squab-raising business is just like the 
poultry business; a person cannot rush 
right into it and buy 1,000 pairs of breed¬ 
ers, put them into some small room and 
then sit down and count the dollars. If 
you wish to be successful start on a 
small scale, buy 10 or 20 pairs of breed¬ 
ers, and then get acquainted with each 
pair, their habits, their breeding quali¬ 
ties, the quality of the squab they raise; 
keep a record and find out which pairs 
are your fastest breeders, and then raise 
future birds from them and keep im¬ 
proving the flock just as a poultry keep¬ 
er improves his poultry in egg produc¬ 
tion. Keep no poor breeders, don’t feed 
any unmated birds except young ones, 
and only odd birds till you have a mate 
for them. You can find a market for 
squabs in all large towns and Summer 
resorts, and a limited trade in small 
towns. They bring different prices ac¬ 
cording to quality, demand, and the sea¬ 
son of the year. I receive in the Phila¬ 
delphia, Pa., market from $1.50 to $3 per 
dozen for prime squabs. I was running 
a large poultry farm several years ago 
in Wisconsin, and we also had over 400 
pairs of pigeons for market squabs, and 
the price ranged about the same in Mil¬ 
waukee. 
In feed my main dependence is corn, 
second wheat and whatever else I have, 
to give variety to their bill of fare. Feed 
twice a day; in the morning as much as 
they will clean up, and towards evening 
again. My experience as to cost of feed 
for a pair of breeders per year is from 
70 cents to $1. The variation in cost 
depends upon the price of grain and how 
fast they breed, for the more pairs of 
squabs a pair raises to marketable age 
the more feed they will use. The num¬ 
ber of squabs a pair of breeders will 
raise depends much upon the care given 
them, the loft and the care in selecting 
and breeding up stock. About six pairs 
of squabs is a good average for a flock. 
I do not believe a good many flocks 
average over five pairs, but I am sure 
by judicious breeding and careful mat¬ 
ing that the average can be made eight 
pairs. To name the best variety of pig¬ 
eons for squab breeding is like naming 
the best variety of poultry. I have used 
the common pigeon, and the Antwerps, 
Dutchies, Carriers, Dragoons and several 
other breeds, but for nice plump squabs 
and plenty of them I would use either 
Antwerps or Dutchies, or cross the two 
varieties. Squab breeding can easily be 
made an adjunct to the poultry yard, 
and I know people who make good profit 
out of their pigeons, but I would advise 
no one to make the mistake of going 
into the business on a large scale till he 
has learned to manage a small flock suc¬ 
cessfully. Breed up your own stock, as 
no one can make a success either in 
poultry or pigeons by buying at hap¬ 
hazard a lot of birds and. putting them 
together, expect good results, h. d. r. 
Franconia, Pa. 
Feed for Wintering Steers. 
My advice to your reader from Illinois 
who wants to winter steers would be to 
cut all or a part of his first crop of 
clover for hay, then turn the cattle on 
the second crop as soon as it has made 
growth enough to furnish good pasture. 
After the corn is cut disk the land the 
way the corn was cultivated the last 
time, then harrow crosswise and seed 
rye with a drill. The rye with a favor¬ 
able Fall will furnish good pasture until 
very late. Cut the corn when well 
glazed, or a part of the blades and husks 
have turned brown. Put up in shocks 
12 to 14 hills square, as they will cure 
out much better and quicker than 16 
hills square. In our section nearly all 
corn is put up in shocks 16 hills square. 
Shredded fodder is best kept in bulk. It 
should be shredded or blown in a barn 
or shed where it will not get wet. Do 
not shred until thoroughly dried out. If 
shredded when damp or sappy it will 
mold in center of pile. There is very 
little shredded fodder baled and mar¬ 
keted here; I cannot say as to price. 
Belleville, Ill. s. m. r. 
Rye may be successfully grown in 
corn for Fall pasture by sowing in the 
corn, a few weeks before it is cut, either 
with a one-horse drill or by broadcast¬ 
ing before the last harrowing. The best 
time to cut corn to get the greatest 
amount of nutrients in the grain and 
stover is to cut it just as the ears begin 
to dent. As a rule, I believe shredded 
fodder or corn stover will keep better 
in the bale than in bulk; after all, that 
is a matter of opinion. There is no 
steady demand for baled shredded corn 
stover, hence we could not give any 
average price per ton. During the scar¬ 
city of both grain and roughage the past 
season, baled corn stover has sold all 
the way from $4.50 to as high as $7 per 
ton, according to its quality and where 
it was offered for sale. For cattle 
feeding I believe that well-cured corn 
stover when fed along with hay is worth 
about half as much as good clover hay. 
I believe it is worth more than half as 
much as Timothy hay for feeding either 
fattening or stock cattle. 
Illinois. [Prof.] h. w. mumford. 
KENDALL'S SPAVIN CURE 
Used 20 Yrs. 
Great Results 
Cleveland, Ohio, 
May 17,1900. 
Dr. B. J. Kendall 
Co., My Dear Sirs: 
—I have for the past 
twenty years used 
your KENDALL'S 
SPAVIN CUKE on 
many horses, receiv¬ 
ing great results. 
Yours truly, 
J. T. Dewey. 
The old reliable remedy for Spavins, lUmrboncR, Spllnl*, Curbs 
and all forms of Lameness. It cures without a blemish because 
it does not blister. Price $1, Six for $5. As a liniment for fam¬ 
ily use it has no equal. Ask your druggist for KENDALL’S 
SPAVIN CLUE, also “A Treatise on the liorM\”thcbook free,or 
address DR. B. J. KENDALL CO., ENOSBURG FALLS, VT. 
EMPIRE 
which tells all about the 
Ea.sy 
Running 
CREAM SEPARATOR. 
If you own cows it will pay you to 
read the book, whether you want 
a separator or not. Let us send it. 
U. 8 .BUTTER EXTRACTOR CO. 
.Bloomfield, N. *T. 
THE CORRUGATED 
Cream Separator 
The greatest labor-saving machine 
ever used on a farm. Does not mix the 
water with the milk or require power 
to operate it. Every farmer makes 
creamery butter and more of it. It has 
double the eooling surface or that of 
any separator made. Ask your grocer 
for them or write direct to 
KJ), 8. CUSHMAN, Sole Mannfapfnrpr. 
Agents Wanted, p. o. Box UOCenterville, la. 
Breeders’ Directory 
REGISTERED Jersey Bull CALVES 
from Ida Stoke Pogis and Go’den Lad at fair prices 
R. E. SHANNON, 907 Liberty St, Pittsburg, Pa. 
JERSEY BULL CALF. 
Dam a 16-pound oow, sire Count Allison (See The 
R. N.-Y., April 26), a very fine caif. 
IRA WATSON, Eredonla, N. Y. 
GUERNSEY BULLS 
July 1899, July 1900, April 1901. 
J. H. HUNTER, Valley Falls, N Y. 
A Foundation Herd of 10 or 20 young registered 
HOLSTEIN COWS is offered at a special price 
by DELLHURST FARM, Mentor, Ohio. 
Pnr Calo— pubkbrbd holstein-friesians. 
rill OfllC Bargains In BULL CALVES at the pres¬ 
ent time. Also BERKSHIRE SWINE and 8 COTCH 
COLLIE PUP 8 . W. W. CHENEY, Manlius, N.Y. 
QHENANGO VALLEY STOCK FARMS, Greene, 
^ N. Y.—Dutch-Belted and Jersey Cattle, Dorset 
and Rambouillet Sheep. PolandrCMna and Jersey 
Red Swine; 15 varieties Land and Water Fowl. 
Eggs cheap in season. 
Wanted—Holstein-Friesians. 
Heifers (Calves or Yearlings). Must be flrst- 
class and registered. 
For Sale—Chester White Pigs. 
Four weeks old. from registered stock. 
T. M. RATION, Beaver Meadow Farm, West, N. Y 
IMPROVED LARGE YORKSHIRES 
hog. Pigs of all ages from imported stock for sale. 
MEADOW BROOK STOCK FARM, Rochester, Mich 
Re&P. Chinas, Berkshires and C. Whites. 
Choice Pigs, 8 weeks old, mated no« 
akin. Bred Sows and 8 ervloe Boars 
POULTRY. Write for hard tlm*« 
prices and free circular. 
HAMILTON & CO., Rosenvick, Chester Co., Pa. 
AH RAD A fin ATC «e handsome, hardy and 
HllUUnfl QUA id profitable- Prize stock. 
Low pflces. Large elr. K. ’ 
Cole & Co., Kenton, O 
nn| I IE DIIDC- B y prize - wlnnln *- Im P or ted 
UULLIC lUiO Sires and Trained Dams. Fit 
for Bench, Ranch or Farm. Both sexes; all ages. 
Also a Book on the Care and Training of the COLLIE 
for all Practical Uses. Price. 60o. Book free to pur¬ 
chaser of Collie. Maplemont Sargent. Albany, Vt. 
(loath In I Iao on HENS and CHICKS 
UCdlll lU LllfC 64-page Book FREE. 
D. J. LAMBERT, Box 307, Apponaug, R. I. 
NO SPAVINS 
The worst possible spavin can be cured in 
45 minutes. Ringbones, Curbs and ■ Splints 
just as quick. Not painful and never bas 
failed. Detailed information about this 
new method sent free to horse owners. 
Write today. Ask for pamphlet No. 88 
Fleming Bros., Chemists, Union Stock Yds., Chicago. 
The 
Animals’ 
FRIEND 
SHOO-FLY 
Kills every FLY it strikes; keeps off the rest; harmless to man 
and beast. Cures all sores (beware of IMITATIONS that make 
sores). Half cent’s worth saves 2 quarts milk and much flesh. 
Thousands have duplicated 10 to 50 gallons 7 consecutive years. 
If your dealer does not keep it, send us $1.00 for Improved Double 
Tube Sprayer and enough “ Shoo-Fly ” to protect 100 cows ; or 
send 25 cents for liquid. Quart FREE —to those naming 
IMITATION they have used, and promising to pay Express; to 
these will send a spray for 60c. 
SHOO-FLY MFG. CO. 1005 Fairmount Ave. Phila. Pa. 
Experience has proven SHOO-FLY to be O. K.—Editor. 
s 
THE WORLD S RECORD 
IS HELD BY 
THE UNITED STATES 
In the Pan-American 
Model Dairy the United 
States Separator’s 
average skimmilk test 
for 50 consecutive 
runs was - - .0138 
la..;/ 
i 
“Wouid-be competitors” have tried and are trying by every means 
their fertile brains and imaginations can concoct to break the force of their 
defeats and take away the honors justly due the United States. For a true 
history of Separator Awards and tests, write the VT. FARM MACHINE 
CO., Bellows Falls, Vt. 
However, after all that has been said, the indisputable fact remains that 
the above record is true, and not only that, but that it has not been ap¬ 
proached by any other separator. This, together with its many other points 
of superiority, fully described in our catalogues (write for one), places it far 
ahead of all others and makes 
THE UNITED STATES SEPARATOR 
THE STANDARD OF THE WORLD 
