482 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER 
July 12 
Ruralisms ; 
/VOTES E/?0/W THE RURAL GROUNDS 
An Important Conference. —The 
Horticultural Society of New York has 
arranged an International Plant Breed¬ 
ing Conference to take place September 
30 to October 2 inclusive. The sessions, 
by the courtesy of the American Insti¬ 
tute, will be held in the lecture hall of 
the Berkeley Lyceum Building, 19-21 
West Forty-fourth Street, New York. Pa¬ 
pers are already announced hy many 
noted hybridizers at home and abroad, 
including the horticulturists of the ex¬ 
periment stations at Ottawa, Canada, 
and those of California, New York, 
New Jersey, Kansas, Wisconsin, New 
Hampshire, Oklahoma, Nebraska, Ver¬ 
mont, the Department of Agriculture at 
Washington, and many distinguished 
private experimenters. The Society will 
award medals, diplomas and certificates 
for meritorious exhibits of hybrid 
plants. The whole subject of plant 
breeding from scientific to practical and 
utilitarian standpoints will be discussed. 
Many foreign visitors have announced 
their intention to take part in the pro¬ 
ceedings, which even at this early date 
promise great success. All readers of 
The R. N.-Y. interested in the possibili¬ 
ties of horticulture should take an ac- ' 
tive interest in this important confer¬ 
ence. Full particulars may be had by 
addressing the Secretary, Leonard Bar¬ 
ron, 136 Liberty Street, New York. 
Pyrethrums For the Home Garden. 
—An illustration of modern double Py¬ 
rethrums was given in The R. N.-Y. for 
June 23, 1900. Since then we have raised 
a lot of plants grown from the best seeds 
procurable, but without exception they 
have come single as far as bloomed. 
They lose little in beauty by preserving 
their natural form, as the bright and 
delicate colors of the ray florets are 
beautifully contrasted with the yellow 
disk. The picture on first page, Fig. 189, 
gives a fair idea of the form of the sin¬ 
gle as contrasted with double bloom, but 
cannot indicate the coloring, ranging 
from pure white to the richest and deep¬ 
est of crimsons, and in a few cases to 
buff and pale yellow. Owing to the 
length of the stems the handsome finely- 
cut foliage is not shown. Botanists now 
consider this beautiful plant a member 
of the genus Chrysanthemum, and call 
it C. coecineum, but the name Pyreth- 
rum is so thoroughly established that it 
is certain to be retained among garden¬ 
ers and plantsmen. These Pyrethrums, 
usually catalogued as hybrids of Pyreth- 
rum roseum, are hardy almost every¬ 
where in light well-drained soil, but do 
not always survive the Winter on heavy 
or retentive clays, and are also subject 
to crown-rot from undue moisture or ex¬ 
cessive rains in warm weather. If the 
situation is congenial they live many 
years, and bloom profusely in May or 
early June, and again sparingly in the 
Fall if the stems are cut away imme¬ 
diately after the Spring flowers fade. If 
the best seeds are bought nearly all the 
resulting blooms will be good, though 
few will be double. Special varieties are 
easily propagated by dividing the clumps 
in the Spring. Pyrethrums are surface 
feeders, and growth is soon checked by 
drought and lack of fertility. A thick 
mulch of old manure, put on when the 
ground is moist, suits them thoroughly, 
and vigorous growth is quite certain to 
follow. Over 400 named varieties of 
Pyrethrum roseum are listed by Euro¬ 
pean growers, and some of the best ones 
have found their way over here, but they 
are very difficult to import, and it is 
likely many new kinds will be produced 
here if the plant ever attains anything 
like the popularity it has long enjoyed 
abroad. Hardy Pyrethrums are very 
suitable for the home garden, and the 
blooms are the finest things of their sea¬ 
son for cutting and table decoration. We 
advise a trial for all who can procure 
good plants or wait two years for seed¬ 
lings to bloom. Plants of named double 
varieties may be had from reliable deal¬ 
ers for about 30 cents each. . 
Rain at Last. —Our very discouraging 
early drought was broken June 16 by 
nearly an inch of rain which came down 
in so gentle a manner that little was 
lost, even on the sharpest slopes. Since 
then repeated showers have fairly well 
soaked the soil, and vegetation, which 
was getting in a bad way, has wonder¬ 
fully revived. The local strawberry sea¬ 
son has been extended a week or more 
from the filling out of late-set berries. 
Though they are small, the quality is 
excellent, and a brisk demand continues. 
Bush fruits were seriously threatened, 
and the yield, especially of blackcap 
raspberries, is quite certainly curtailed, 
but with continued moisture late rasp¬ 
berries and blackberries may turn out 
a good crop. The June drop of peaches 
assumed alarming proportions before the 
rain, but is naturally lessening towards 
the close of the month. The trees are 
generally very effectually thinned, the 
long continued dry weather and con¬ 
stant thrashing from high winds having 
disposed of all weakly or ill-placed 
fruits, doubtless together with many 
good ones. Under favorable conditions 
the remainder of the season the quality 
should be high. Grass on good soil is 
making an effort to grow, but the yield 
of hay can only be a fraction of the 
average crop, as the drought came so 
early that in many fields it apparently 
has not started at all. The hot wave 
that preceded the first local rain was 
quite destructive, burning the lawns so 
that they are not likely to resume their 
usual emerald smoothness this season, 
no matter how frequent succeeding rains 
may be. The little red spider, always 
a proof of extreme aridity when found 
on outdoor plants, ran riot over our bed 
of herbaceous Spiraeas, but is now under 
control. Potatoes, corn and cultivated 
crops generally look very well consider¬ 
ing the adverse conditions. The Rural 
Grounds are near the northern limit of 
this drought area, the Hope Farm man 
about 50 miles northwest getting rather 
more rain than he wanted during April 
and May. 
The President Strawberry. —We 
find on again referring to labels and 
notebook that plants of the President 
strawberry were received from Thos. R. 
Hunt, the originator, August 13, 1901, 
instead of May. They were good plants, 
and took hold of the soil at once. A 
similar amount of the same fertilizer 
applied to other varieties in July was 
worked about the plants two weeks after 
they were set, in order to keep condi¬ 
tions as uniform as possible. As every 
grower knows, it makes much difference 
in the bearing capacity of a strawberry 
plant for the following season, whether 
it was set in May or August of the pre¬ 
vious year, and it is likely Spring-set 
plants would have made a still better 
showing. w. v. F. 
EXPERIMENTS IN GRAPE GROWING 
The New York Agricultural Experiment 
Station is undertaking cooperative experi¬ 
ments with vineyardists in different sec¬ 
tions'of the State for the purpose of learn¬ 
ing whether or not hardy vigorous vines of 
uuici spvc.es ilij.ii the ordinary Gabrusca 
may be profitably used in commercial 
vineyards as stocks upon which to graft 
varieties which are better in fruit than 
Concord. Among the varieties which will 
be tested in this way are Barry, Herbert 
and some others of the Rogers hybrids, 
Brighton, Campbell, Mills, Iona and Ver- 
gennes. Some of the varieties more com¬ 
monly found in commercial vineyards, 
such as Concord, Delaware, Niagara and 
Worden, will also be grown in the same 
way for comparison with the varieties 
If you want a harvesting machine that 
is reliable—one that will work success¬ 
fully in all conditions of grain—-buy the 
McCormick.— Adv. 
first named. It is well known that differ¬ 
ent species of grapes do not succeed 
equally well on the same kind of soil. 
Some flourish on moist lowlands, others 
succeed exceedingly well on hard dry up¬ 
land. Some species are much more re¬ 
sistant to extremes of temperature than 
others. Some withstand better than 
others the attacks of certain insects. 
While it is probably true that many grape 
growers in the eastern sections of the 
United States recognize these differences 
in the adaptability of different species to 
different locations, yet they have not, to 
any considerable extent at least, tried to 
take advantage of this knowledge by using 
different stocks for different classes of 
vineyard soil. The great commercial vine¬ 
yards in the sections referred to are al¬ 
most without exception composed of vines 
on their own roots. The exceptions are 
usually found where the owner of the 
vineyard has desired to change from one 
variety to another, and has grafted more 
desirable upon less desirable kinds. In 
the experiments which the Station is un¬ 
dertaking. varieties are being tried which 
have been especially selected as desirable 
for stocks upon which to grow cultivated 
grapes. One experimental vineyard is lo¬ 
cated on the farm of T. H. King, Tomp¬ 
kins Co., N. Y., on the upland bordering 
Cayuga Bake. A second experimental 
vineyard is located on the farm of I. A. 
Wilcox, Chautauqua Co., N. Y., in the 
midst of the famous Chautauqua grape 
belt. It is proposed to locate a third vine¬ 
yard at some easily accessible point in a “ 
section of the Hudson Valley where grapes 
are grown commercially. 
The New York Agricultural Experiment 
Station has for many years given special 
attention to problems of interest to grape 
growers. In the Fall of 1891 plans were 
formulated for carrying on experiments 
to determine which ones of the cultivated 
grapes are seif-fertile and which are self- 
sterile. This line of work has been con¬ 
tinued each season from then till now. 
Some work has been done as opportunity 
has offered in the line of breeding grapes. 
The question of ringing grapes has also 
been investigated. Part of the results of 
these investigations have been published 
in the bulletins named below: No. 151, Ex¬ 
periments in Ringing Grapevines; No. 157, 
Self-fertility of the Grape; No. 169, Fertil¬ 
ization of Self-sterile Grapes. Copies of 
these bulletins may be obtained free by 
addressing a request to Director W. H. 
Jordan, Geneva, N. Y. In making such re¬ 
quest it is well to state whether the popu¬ 
lar or the complete edition is desired. 
s. A. BEACH. 
Geneva (N. Y.) Experiment Station. 
Earning 
and 
Saving 
Our depositors partici¬ 
pate in the earnings of a 
non-speculative business 
(conducted under state 
supervision) employing 
paid in capital of 81,000,000, 
showing assets of $1,600,000 
and Surplus of 81,85,000. Its capital invested 
in safest form of Real Estate securities. 
Gel all the evidence from our annual reports, 
including strong endorsement of eminent clergy¬ 
men, professional and business men who are 
old depositors. 
INDUSTRIAL SAYINGS fc LOAN CO. 
1134-5 Broadway, New York 
5 
Per Annum 
Guaranteed 
on Sums of 
$50 and 
Over From 
Day of 
Deposit. 
Payable 
Quarterly 
by Check. 
fO | DRILLING 
ft ELL Machines 
Over 70 sizes and styles, for drilling either deep or 
shallow wells in any kind of soil or rock. Mounted 
on wheels or on sills. With engines or horse powers. 
Strong, Bimple and durable. Any mechanic can 
operate them easilv. Send for catalog. 
WILLIAMS BROS., Ithaca, N. Y. 
THE MIETZ & WEISS 
Kerosene Engines. Sizes, 1 to 60 H.P. 
Cheapest and Safest Power 
Known. For pumping and 
electric lighting, grinding 
corn, separating cream, 
sawing wood, and all power 
purposes. Awarded Gold 
Medal Pan-American Exp., 
Buffalo, 1901. Send for Cat. 
A. MIETZ, 
128 Mott Street. New York. 
CHARTER 
Gasoline Engine 
I TC*rn Any Place 
I >rll B y Any One 
UDUD For Any Purpose 
Statlonaries, Portables, Engines 
and Pumps, Holsters, 
Sawing Outfits. 
Send for Illustrated Catalogue and 
Testimonials. State your Power Needs. 
Charter Gas Engine Co., Box 26, Sterling, III. 
Do You Uso Wafer 
Then you need a power to pump it to f 
your house or barn. The 
KFfFF Hydraulic Engine 
m ia the beet. Pumps more water. I 
Never stops. Requires no at-1 
tention. Bold on 80 days [ 
trial. Send for free book. | 
POWER SPECIALTY CO.. 
126 Liberty SI.. New York. I 
85 Warren St.. New York. 
239 Franklin St., Boston. 
WATER. 
If you want water only when the wind blows a windmill will do your work 
and cost less money than our Rider and Ericsson Hot-Air Pumps, butlf you want 
water every day while your flowers are growing and do not want your pump blown 
down when the wind blows too hard, no pump In the world can equal ours. We 
have sold about 20,000 of them during the past twenty-five years, which Is proof 
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& Our Catalogue “C 4” will tell you all about them. Write to nearest store. 
Rider-Ericsson Engine Company, 
692 Craig St., Montreal. P. Q. 
Teniente-Key 71, Havana, Cuba . 
22a Pitt St., Sydney, N.S.W. 
40 Dearborn St., CHICAGO. 
40 N.7th St., Philadelphia. 
New York State Fair 
$61 
), 0 ( 
)0 
IN 
PREMIUMS 
AND 
PURSES 
$ 6 ( 
), 0 ( 
10 
Grand Horse Show 
Will rival anything ever given at a State Fair. 
Tile finest horses used for coaching and equestrian 
purposes will be in the show ring Many of the 
equipages shown at the New York Horse Show will 
be seen at the Fair. 
The Agricultural Exhibits 
Will be one of the greatest attractions of the Fair. 
The fruit show will be worth traveling a longdistance 
to see. 
The Live Stock 
The fl nest breeds of cattle, sheep and swine will be on 
exhibition. The most noted stock farms will compete 
for the prizes. The remarkable exhibit of last year 
will be greatly exceeded this year both in numbers 
and quality. Stock buildings thoroughly disinfected. 
Grand Circuit Races 
Promise to produce some of the most Interesting 
events of the season. The list of eutries in the early 
closing events is very large. The best horses In the 
country will compete for the large purses. 
September 8 to 13, 1902. 
GENERAL ADMISSION, 25 CENTS. 
Send for Prize List. 
S. C. SHAVER, Secretary. 
