1902 
5o7 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER. 
CALVES ARE KILLED BY DOGS. 
An incident occurred here recently 
that should, I think, come before the 
public. Two yearling heifers that were 
at pasture in a field were attacked by 
dogs, one killed outright, the other had 
to be killed, as it was injured past sav¬ 
ing. We have a law in this town giving 
remuneration to people who lose sheep 
hilled by dogs, but I understand no men¬ 
tion is made of cattle. Since ours were 
killed we have heard of two more being 
killed in this same way, and several 
others injured. Now we all know that 
a certain number of dollars’ worth in 
cattle is just as good as in sheep. Should 
not the cattle be protected from the 
ravages of dogs as well as sheep? We 
feel the need of the value of them, and 
are much grieved that our pets (as 
young stock that we raise invariably be¬ 
come) should come to such an untimely 
end, but if something may arise that 
will in part remunerate anyone in the 
future we shall be glad. M. u. p. 
Perrysburg, N. Y. 
r. N.-Y.—We have not been able to 
find a case in New York State where the 
town or State has paid for cattle in¬ 
jured or destroyed by dogs. Many towns 
have rules or ordinances for the protec¬ 
tion of sheep, but we think when calves 
are killed in this way the only redress 
is to bring a personal suit against the 
owner of the dogs. Really a calf is more 
helpless than a good-sized sheep, and if 
one animal is to be protected by the 
public the other should be. This mat¬ 
ter should be well aired. We want all 
possible facts about it. 
BREEDING CATTLE. 
It Calls for Artistic Taste. 
An excellent article beneath the above 
heading in your issue of May 10, writ¬ 
ten by J. Grant Morse, and accompanied 
by the head and neck of Ida’s Orphan 
Maid 151980, will be remembered by 
your readers. I wish to write similarly, 
but my ideal is not the same as his, 
probably because of our different situa¬ 
tions. The typical Jersey cow is not 
and to try by skillful breeding and rear¬ 
ing to get as near to accomplishing his 
purpose as possible. Although we love 
the beautiful, yet the cow that responds 
best at the milk pail would be called by 
one who has not a prepossession be¬ 
cause of the milking points, an un¬ 
sightly animal. On the contrary, the 
best beef animal is a thing of beauty. 
1 have no picture with which to illus¬ 
trate my ideal, for my best is as yet 
but one year old. I may furnish a pic¬ 
ture later, but I will just say that he is 
registered in the Polled Durham, and 
also in the Short-horn herd books, and 
named Bedford Lad 2nd, numbers 2199 
and 179597 respectively. Shall 1 get a 
profitable milking stock in that breed? 
I am free to confess that for that pur¬ 
pose alone they will be considerably be¬ 
hind any of the special dairy breeds, but 
sideration is that of constitution. A 
vigorous robust constitution is one that 
generally develops a shade of beauty. 
An overstraining or developing of the 
milking quality in cattle reacts in the 
direction of the production of ungainly 
and unsightly animals, with a tendency 
toward organic weakness. The develop¬ 
ment of wool alone in the sheep pro¬ 
duces a very ugly animal. Now that 
the price of beef has advanced it gives 
the poor stockman a stimulus to in¬ 
crease the quantity for sale. So we sub¬ 
mit that it is everyone’s duty to in¬ 
vestigate as best he may his probabili¬ 
ties of success according to his situa¬ 
tion. While Mrs. Jersey fills her place 
nobly and grandly when well bred, 
Madame Durham with the horns bred 
off, and her milking qualities looked 
after, occupies the situation of being a 
true mortgage-lifter, and will always 
be sought after. When her months of 
dairy service are over she affords a 
carcass that is profitable for selling. 
She has a majestic walk and appear¬ 
ance that places her among the real 
things of beauty. The cultivation of the 
milking points will detract from this 
in some measure. The Durham is a 
very energetic and most determined 
animal, but may be made most docile 
with kind treatment. The steer calves 
of this breed here are made to weigh 
from 1,400 to 1,800 pounds at four years 
of age, and often sell at five cents per 
pound from the pasture in July to Sep¬ 
tember. J- l. B - 
Falls, W. Va. 
DAIRY AND FARM NOTES. 
Paraffin Wax for Cheese. 
cheese is becoming quite general. One 
of the great losses in making small 
cheese for long holding has been the 
shrinkage, which was greatly in excess, 
per 100 pounds, of large cheese. The 
“home trade” does not take kindly to 
60-pound cheese. Small dealers cannot 
safely cut these big cheeses, and there¬ 
fore during the non-producing season, 
from November to April, they cut few. 
during the Summer and held six to eight 
months without two to three pounds 
shrinkage on every 25, a 10 per cent loss 
in shrinkage alone, saying nothing 
about insurance and storage and often 
deterioration in quality. A thin coating 
of wax not only prevents shrinkage, but 
if the cheese is fine and sound at six to 
eight days old it will contain just mois¬ 
ture enough, if only assimilated by the 
fat and casein, to make the so much de¬ 
sired “soft cheese.” It loses nothing in 
flavor and texture, has a much thinner 
rind, and does not so quickly dry out 
when cut. These are important simply 
because the consumer will use more. It 
did no good to talk about the compara¬ 
tive economy of cheese as a food so long 
as these purely mechanical objections 
stood in the way. 
I have never been quite willing to con¬ 
cede that the paltry three pounds per 
capita consumed in this country was 
due to any organic dislike. The present 
demand from the American trade is fast 
proving that if we will remove trade re¬ 
strictions and give the consumer the 
same guarantee of quality that he gets 
in flour, butter, sugar, etc., he will use 
it with the same liberality. Larger sales 
also imply smaller excess retail charges 
over cost. We buy other staple food 
products at a small margin, because the 
dealer recognizes a sure demand. If we 
will buy cheese in the same wholesale 
manner w r e shall find the grocer ready 
to meet us half way. In conjunction 
with paraffin cold storage is working a 
revolution. The average cheese factory 
is a comparatively cheap affair. Much 
has been said concerning the urgent 
necessity of more complete curing 
rooms, where cheese could be safely kept 
and cured at a low temperature for long 
periods. The very small compensation 
allowed in the cheese sections for manu¬ 
facturing has not warranted the outlay 
so the factories are not much improved 
in this respect. Then came the idea of 
a central curing room for a number of 
factories, and the cheese daily or peri¬ 
odically hauled to it from the manufac¬ 
turing plant. This scheme did not meet 
a ready response on the part of the 
farmers, who would not and usually 
could not wait for their money. To-day 
the whole question seems near a solu¬ 
tion without extra expense to the pro¬ 
ducer and profit to the dealer. Cheese 
is given a curing process in the vat and 
lightly salted. It is therefore, at the ex¬ 
piration of six to eight days, ready for 
a coating of paraffin and a home in a 
Fahrenheit. Here the cheese develops 
only the desirable flavors which are 
found to propagate at these low tem¬ 
peratures while the objectionable flavors 
develop at relatively higher tempera¬ 
tures. We have therefore a combination 
of good things; less care in the factory, 
with consequent small shrinkage;quick- 
er returns to the farmers, greater cer¬ 
tainty of profit to the dealer, a better 
cheese for the consumer, and hence an 
increased demand. n. e. cook. 
Cost of Cow Keeping.—I am not able 
to give a fair idea of the cost of keeping 
a cow for one year, as I do not keep any 
account. I think it costs about all the 
milk brings at present prices, as the pas¬ 
ture is mostly rather poor in this section, 
and we have to feed grain about all the 
time. w. r. h. 
Putnam, Conn. 
Salting Hogs.— I could not say what 
would be the result if hogs were given 
constant use of salt, wood ashes and sul- 
I>hur, as I have never tried it. My prac¬ 
tice for several years has been to give the 
hogs a mixture of wood ashes and salt 
twice each week, usually on Tuesdays and 
Fridays. They seem to relish it very 
much, and my hogs have the best of 
health. I do not see that it would be of 
any disadvantage to them if they had it 
before them continually. I always keep 
salt before my cattle at all times, and like 
it much better than to salt occasionally 
as some do. I find that it prevents scour¬ 
ing, which is almost sure to occur in occa¬ 
sional salting. J- H. HAWKINS. 
Xenia, O. 
generally artistically beautiful. I de- jf they could have small cheese at not 
light in the desire that he has to have more than half a cent per pound extra 
her as nearly so as possible. It is no they would be buyers. These small 
doubt best for every breeder of live cheeses, however, could not be bought 
stock to have a certain purpose in view. 
cold storage room where the tempera¬ 
ture is constantly kept at some conveni- 
The use of paraffin wax for coating en t point varying according to th» 
method of cooling from 33 to 45 degrees 
350,000 
Machines in Use. 
Ten Times All Other Makes Combined. 
The Standard of All That’s Best in Dairying 
in Every Country in the World. 
That’s the history of the 
DE LAVAL 
CREAM SEPARATORS 
Send for new “20th Century 1 ' catalogue. 
THE DE LAVAL SEPARATOR 00. 
Randolph & Canal Sts., I 74 Cortlandt Street, 
CHICAGO. NEW YORK. 
which tells all about the 
EMPIRE Running 
CREAM SEPARATOR. 
If you own cows it will pay you to 
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U. S. BUTTER EXTRACTOR CO. 
Bloomfield^ N* *T. 
FOR SALE. 
One Sharpies Tubular Separator, 
good as new ; used four months. Guar¬ 
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to A. F KIMMEL, Orwigsburg, Pa. 
MAKE MORE MONEY 
Making Milk 
BY USING 
A GREEN MOUNTAIN 
SILO. 
Stoddard Churns, 
WATERS’ BUTTERWORKERS 
Help to make Good Butter. 
All Catalogs sent free. 
Moseley&Stoddard Mfg. Co. 
Wanted. RUTLAND, VT. 
Brightwood Silo Coating 
w «!o ER 1 PROOF 
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Will not scale. Perfect preservative for Inside of 
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Prolific Ensilage Corn (20 tons ensilage or 180 
bushels ears per acre). Write for prices. 
TIIE AGRICULTURAL STOKE, Springfield, Mass. 
STEEL ROOFING 
FREIGHT CHARGES PAID BY US 
Vftfrl 
Strictly new, perfect, Semi - Hardened 
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best Roofing, Hldlms or Celling yoo ean »»■»- 
No experience necessary to lay It. An 
ordinary hammer or hatchet the only 
tools you need. "We furnish nails free 
and paint roofing two sides. Comes 
either fiat, corrugated or “V” crimped. 
I Delivered free of all rhar*e« to all poinis 
in the U. S.. east of the Mississippi RiTer 
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IT $2.25 PER SQUARE 
riee« to other points on nppllcalion. A square means 100 
Mi.n feet Write for free Catalogue No. S7 
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The greatest labor-saving machine 
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Ell. 8. CCBHHAN, Sole flnnnfsetnrrr. 
Agent. W*ntcd. p. O. Rot 140CarterTtlIc, lb 
notwithstanding they suit my purpose. 
Away from a market for milk, we are 
in the midst of a market for both steers 
and cows of that type. The price of tne 
steer calf at six months old will usually 
be $16 to $20, whereas, if it were a 
Jersey, it would be dull sale at one- 
half those prices, and no more in de¬ 
mand if it were a heifer. We have three 
or four buyers for Durham cows, to one 
for a Jersey. The market for beef stock 
is so far ahead of the market for milk 
stock that almost everyone has a prefer¬ 
ence for the former. Yet in choosing 
cows they want those that are good 
milkers, and the Durham surely has the 
advantage in that respect among the 
beef breeds. 
It will be agreed by all good breeders 
of live stock that a point of first con- 
■’•VI 
__ / y J 
THE RECORDS SHOW ) 
COMPETITORS ADMIT • 
USERS TESTIFY . . . ) 
_(THE U. S. SEPARATOR 
THAT \ 
( STANDS WITHOUT A PEER 
272 
Its record at the Pan-American Model Dairy of average test for 
50 CONSECUTIVE RUNS . . .0138 
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VERMONT FARM MACHINE CO., BELLOWS FALLS, VT. 
