554 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER. 
August 9 
Live StockandDairy 
SKIM-MILK CALVES. 
Skim-milk calves can be raised at a 
greater profit than nine-tenths of the 
farmers imagine, but most of them are 
not so raised. It is not a difference be¬ 
tween theory and practice, but between 
methods. Fine skim-milk calves six 
months old frequently bring $18 to $20 
per head, and at that rate they are pro¬ 
fitable if the cost of raising them has 
been kept within reasonable limits. 
There is some risk in the work until one 
has become expert at it. Then it is sim¬ 
ple and sure. The calf must be taken 
from the mother early; some do it when 
they are a few hours old, and it is fed 
by hand without knowing anything 
about sucking. Five quarts a day di¬ 
vided into three meals should be all the 
calf is fed at first, and this quantity is 
gradually increased to six quarts. The 
largest meals should be given night and 
morning, and only half as much at noon. 
The milk should be as near the tempera¬ 
ture of the cow as possible. All calf 
milk should be fed warm and sweet. 
Later sour milk can be fed, but in that 
event it must be fed sour all the time. 
To change from sweet to sour will cause 
trouble. When two or three weeks old 
skim-milk can take the place of the 
sweet, full-cream milk, but the change 
should be made gradually. This is 
necessary, because the quantity must be 
increased. It takes nearly twice as much 
skim-milk as cream milk to produce a 
pound of flesh or fat. When the change 
is complete the calves can be fed nearly 
all the skim-milk they will drink, but a 
little meal and ground grain can be add¬ 
ed about this time to give them more 
strength and growth. At first put a lit¬ 
tle moistened meal in their mouths after 
drinking, and they will soon acquire a 
taste for grain. Within a week they will 
learn to take the meal themselves from 
a pail. Four-weeks-old calves will eat 
nearly three-quarters of a pound of meal 
a day, and in eight weeks about double 
this amount. The feeding must all be 
done with care and the food should be 
given after this in larger proportions. 
When two months old hay can be fed 
to them, and they will enjoy nibbling at 
it. Nothing but clean bright hay or 
grain should be given. No more should 
be given than they will eat up clean at 
one time. The calves need plenty of 
sunshine, clean quarters, fresh air, but 
warm sleeping places, and regular kindly 
treatment, which will make them grow 
and fatten rapidly. Good thrifty calves 
will then give their owner more profit 
than most other animals. b. p. w. 
Missouri. 
SILAGE AND SHOCK CORN BEEF. 
Bulletin No. 73,of the Urbana, Ill., Ex¬ 
periment Station, gives the details of a 
test in which silage and shock corn were 
compared as feed for beef cattle. For 
this experiment 50 grade Hereford and 
Short-horn animals eight months old 
were used. They weighed about 500 
pounds each, were nearly uniform, and 
had been similarly treated. They were 
divided into two lots of 25 each. The 
corn put in the silo, 50.60 tons, was the 
yield of 5.33 acres, a small yield on ac¬ 
count of the unfavorable season. When 
fed out a shrinkage and waste of 7.51 
tons was noted. The shock corn from 
the same area weighed 14.55 tons. The 
test was begun February 5 with a daily 
ration for each animal as follows: Lot 
1, 15 pounds silage, two pounds oats, 
four pounds mixed hay; lot 2, 11.5 
pounds shock corn, two pounds oats, 
four pounds mixed hay. The grain ra¬ 
tion was not changed, but about three 
weeks were required to get the silage 
and shock corn rations adjusted to tha 
proper proportions, 25 pounds of silage 
and 13.8 pounds shock corn. With each 
lot 10 shotes averaging about 65 pounds 
were allowed to run to utilize the waste 
and undigested corn. Those with the 
silage-fed lot did not get enough to eat, 
and the number was decreased gradual¬ 
ly until only one was left, which picked 
up enough to make a fair gain. With 
the same number of steers fed on shock 
corn 10 shotes thrived, receiving no food 
other than the waste that they picked 
up. At the end of 88 days the 25 silage- 
fed steers had made an average gain of 
147.76 pounds each. In the other lot an 
average gain of 125.34 pounds was noted. 
The 14.55 tons of shock corn, 137.5 bush¬ 
els of oats, and 4.4 tons hay fed to lot 2, 
made 3,133.34 pounds of beef and 587 
pounds of pork. Only 69.95 per cent of 
the silage was use for lot 1. This 
with 137.5 bushels oats and five tons 
hay made 3,693.34 pounds of beef and 87 
pounds of pork. The silage remaining 
from the 5.33 acres, with a proportionate 
amount of hay and oats, would produce 
1,622.53 pounds of beef and 33 pounds of 
pork. It is thus seen that pork produc¬ 
tion is an important factor in feeding 
shock corn for beef, while in silage feed¬ 
ing the hogs may be practically removed 
without loss. Other advantages in favor 
of the silage system are that the animals 
aue in better condition in topring; they 
make more even and rapid gains; more 
meat is produced per acre, and the corn 
may be harvested earlier in season, 
avoiding danger of loss from frost. On 
the other hand, more capital and labor 
are required to run a system of feeding 
silage; warmer quarters must be pro¬ 
vided for animals thus fed, and greater 
acreages of crops other than corn are 
requii’ed than with shock corn feeding, 
an important element in a section where 
it is necessary to utilize the greatest 
amount of corn possible. 
Weakly Chicks. 
I was much interested in the report of 
Mr. Mapes on page 495, in regard to 
weakly chicks, as I have the same report 
to make on my May and June-hatched 
chicks, and it brought a grain of com¬ 
fort to find that one so wise in hen lore 
as Mr. Mapes had been unable to dis¬ 
cover either cause or remedy. The trou¬ 
ble has been so unexplainable to us be¬ 
cause with our April-hatched chicks we 
had only what losses might naturally 
come with 200 or 300 chicks, and they 
are now sturdy, lusty fellows, weighing 
about four pounds apiece, with appetites 
entirely out of proportion to the price 
of feed. They are purebred Dorkings of 
the three varieties. White, Colored and 
Silver Gray; were all hatched in incu¬ 
bators and raised in brooders. They 
have all had the same care and feed, and 
why the last three or four hatches 
should fade away and die with no ap¬ 
parent, disease is a mystery. As far as 
we can see there are no lice, and every 
precaution has been taken to guard 
against them. They have all been fed 
one of the prepared chick foods, mixed 
grains, for the first few weeks adding 
johnny-cake which had infertile eggs 
cooked in it. Later, they had cracked 
corn and wheat and mash of meal, oats, 
bran, oil meal and animal meal and sour 
milk. The breeding stock was confined 
in yards, but had a large amount of raw 
beets and clover hay added to their 
morning mash of mixed ground grains, 
and were fed besides corn, wheat and 
boiled oats. We have wondered whether 
at the latter end of the breeding season 
there was lack of vigor in the stock, or 
is it due to the unusual wet season, as 
we have had almost constant rain for 
two months? Anyway, what is the mat¬ 
ter with the late-hatched chicks? 
Canostota, N. Y. e. o. g. 
The Law of Pasture. 
An “agistor” is one who takes in cattle 
or other live stock for pasturing. The 
practice is common in England, and the 
law governing the liability of the owner 
of the pasture seems quite clear. If cat¬ 
tle are lost or injured through the negli¬ 
gence of the “agistor” he is liable for 
the value. The Mark Lane Express 
quotes several cases to show that the 
owner of the pasture must show that he 
used every care to keep his fences in 
good condition. In one case a farmer 
took a horse to board. A neighbor’s bull 
broke into the field and killed the horse. 
The judge held the farmer responsible 
because he knew that the fence was not 
“bull strong.” On the other hand the 
following case is cited to show the farm¬ 
er’s protection: 
Thus, a man sent his horse for the night 
to a friend, who turned it out after dark 
into his pasture, adjoining to and separ¬ 
ated from the field of a neighbor by a 
fence which the neighbor was bound to re¬ 
pair. Owing to the bad state of the fence 
the horse fell down a deep drop from one 
field to the other and was killed. It was 
held that the tenant of the first field might 
maintain an action to recover the value of 
the horse, although he was not the owner, 
and was merely taking gratuitous charge 
of it. He was entitled to the benefit of his 
field, not only for the use of his own cat¬ 
tle, but also for putting in the cattle of 
others; and by the negligence of the neigh¬ 
bor in rendering the field unsafe he was 
deprived in some degree of the means of 
exercising his right of using that field for 
either of these purposes. Moreover, he 
might himself have been held liable to the 
owner of the horse, and he had a right to 
protect himself by claiming the damages 
from the party whose wrongful act or 
omission really caused the loss. Of course, 
he would have to hand over the damages 
to the owner of the horse. 
Hints to Shropshire Breeders.—As 
this is the season to wean lambs, they 
should be carefully marked with ear labels 
before separating them. It will be •well 
to record all of your lambs while their 
pedigrees are fresh in mind. The high 
price of beef has materially increased the 
demand for mutton, and higher prices will 
be paid for purebred sheep this season 
than ever before. Registered Shropshires 
arc still maintaining their lead as the 
most profitable wool and mutton sheep. 
Our membership increased more during 
the past year than ever before in the his¬ 
tory of the Shropshire Association. 
Indiana. mortimer levering. 
Horse Owners! Use 
QOMB AULT’S 
Caustic 
Balsam 
A. Safe, Speedy, and Positive Cun* 
The safest, Best BLISTER ever used. Take* 
the place of all llnaments for mild or severe action 
Itemoves all Bunches or Blemishes from Horses 
and Cattle, SUPERSEDES AM. CAUTERY 
Olt El KING, Impossible to produce scar or blemish 
livery bottle sold is warranted to give satisfaction 
Price #1.50 per bottle. Sold by druggists, or sent 
by express, charges paid, with full directions for 
its use. Rend for descriptive circulars. 
THE I,AWRENCli- WILLIAMS CO., Cleveland. O . 
mmmamm&amaamamummmmamm 
DEATH TO HEAVES. 
.Guaranteed. 
Nowt.n’. Heart, Cough, Dt» 
temper and Indigatioa Cure. 
A veterinary speoiflo for wind, 
throat anil stomaeh trouble*. 
Strong recommends. $1 per 
can. Dealers, mail or Ex.paid, 
hewton lloree Remedy Co. 
I y 1 1'oUdo. Ohio. 
FUM 
m 
J1EEPS 
J/FU£§ AWAY 
The sensational Fly Repellent of the year. Saves 
your animals'energy and saves your money. None 
"Just as good.” Price, *1 for a one-gallon can. 
RELIABLE KKM-tDy COMl'ANV, 
187 Washington Street, New York. 
Makers of Remedies and Specialties for Horses, 
Cattle, Poultry, Shpep Swine. Dogs and Cats. 
Special Circulars Free. 
>~t. K. 
wiider's stanchion 
v —Doing animpi ovementover 
jSmith’s. Lightest, strongest, 
(quickest, Baft-si swing atanchiot 
made* Hassteellatch and automatic 
I lock. Becomes stationary when 
liopen. Animalcannotturn itin back- 
ping out. Madeof best seasoned hard 
"'wood. l‘msfor fastening with every 
stanchion. Send for testimonials. 
WILDER & SONS, mil 
THE CHAIN-HANGING 
Cattle Stanchion 
The most practical and humane Fastener ever in 
vented.Gives perfectfreed of thehead. 1 llustrate"' 
Circular and Price frooon app.’catlon. Manufactured 
by O. U. ROBERTSON, EoroatviUe, Couu. 
Breeders’ Directory 
Registered Jersey Bull Calves 
from Imported Golden Lad at fair prices. 
R. F. SHANNON, 907 Liberty Street. Pittsburg, Pa. 
A Foundation Herd of 10 or 20 young registered 
HOLSTEIN COWS Is offered at a special prioe 
by DELLHUK8T FARM, Mentor, Ohio. 
For Sale 
—PITRE BRED BERKSHIRE 
8 W IN E and SCOTCH COLLIE 
PUPS from registered stock 
W. W. CHENEY, Manlius, N. Y. 
FOR SALE 
The high-bred herd of Hol<*tein-Fri«slans at 
the MAPLES STOCK FARM, Binghamton. N. Y. 
Address WM. ROOD, Proprietor. 
DAIRY SHORT-HO’NS.S.Se.""; 
winners. FLORA V. SPENCER, Spring Creek, Pa. 
three years old. 
J. O. BARKSDALE, Red Hill. Va. 
Ohropshlre Ram and Ewe Lambs.eligible toregister. 
^ Prices right. Also Berkshire. C. White and P. 
China pigs, 4 mos old. \V. A LOTHKR8, Lack, Pa. 
Dorset Ram Lambs 
of highest type 
and breeding, 
ready for delivery now. at $10 to $15 each. Regis¬ 
tered in purchaser's name. 
MAPLKMONT SARGENT, Albany, Vt. 
IMPROVED LARGE YORKSHIRES & 
hog. Pigs of all ages from Imported stock for sale 
MEADOW BROOK STOf'K FARM. Rochester. Mich 
Reg. P. Chinas, Bcrlishircs and C. Whites. 
Choice Pigs. 8 weeks old, mated not 
ak n. Bred Sows and Service Boars. 
POULTRY. Write for hard times 
prices and free circular. 
HAMILTON & CO.. Uosenvick, Chester Co., Pa. 
isn ATC are band some, hardy and 
flv«UUr*A "US I <5 profitable. Prize stock. 
Low prices. Large clr. E. W. Cole & Co., Kenton. O. 
No Wall Street Tip Equals the Best Farm Tip. 
BUY ANGORA COATS. 
For Registered Stock address 
BOSAVYCK FARM, RIDGEFIELD, CONN. 
For Sale.—Scotch Collies, magnifi¬ 
cently bred. A J. BENEDICT, Woodworth, Wis. 
Collie Pups 
—Spayed Females. Circulars. 
DECKER, South Montrose Pa. 
SILAS 
Death to Lice 
on HENS and CHICKS 
#4-page Book FREE. 
D. J. LAMBERT, Box 307, Apponaug, R. 1. 
DRILLING 
machines 
Over 70 Blzes and styles, ror drilling either deep or 
shallow wells In any kind of soil or rock. Mounted 
on wheels or on sills. With engines or horse powers. 
Strong, simple and durable. Any mechanic can 
oe-ate them easilv. Send for catalog. 
-vis f 'AMS BROS., Ithaca, N. Y. 
Standard Fly Killer Kills U*m, taaeeta an* 
tleuB- Prowctsoowsfrom 
the torture 
Of Hies In 
pasture 
whilemilk¬ 
ing; will 
give 20 p o. 
more milk 
Harmless 
to man and 
beast. Ereply 
upplied with our 
Sprayer Calves 
young stock will 
vo. Prevents disease 
which Is causedhya germ propagated 
»y unsanitary conditions For K$1 we will send to 
any address a Sprayer and enough Fly Killer disin¬ 
fectant to protect 150cows. Agents wanted. 
*»- U. MMITH Ac CO., Utica, N. ¥., U. ■. A. 
Shoo-FlyHE 
THE 
ANIMALS' 
FRIEND 
Half cent’s 
h* worth saves 
t\ 2 quarts 
•a. r milk and 
much flesh. 
Cures sores, hoof ail¬ 
ments, etc. Shoo-Fly is the original 
stock protector used by same dairymen 
since 1885. Thousands have duplicated 10 
to 50 gallons seven consecutive years. Beware 
or beast, of imitations that last only a few hours and make sores. 
If your dealer does not keep 8hoo*Fly send us $1.00 for 
latest improved double tube sprayer and enough 6huO*Fly to 
protect 200 cows, or 50c for liquid. 
Quart FREE to those naming Imitation they have used, 
and promising to pay express. To these will send Sprayer for 00c. 
BDG0LEUM 
is the most 
effectual 
SHEEP DIP 
Kills all Lice, Tick*. Cures Scab, Mange, (tore*. The best 
known disinfectant. Prevents contagious abortion. Price 81.25 per 
gal. Add from 20 tolOO gals, water. Cattle dipped or sprayed iu 
iltigroleuin (1 to 00) will be free of ticks and pass the quarantine. 
SH00-FLY MFG. CO. 1005 Fairmount Ave„ Phila.,Pa. 
Experience has proven Shoo-Fly to be O. K.— EDITOR . 
- HO SPAVINS- 
The worst possible spavin can be cured in 
45 minutes. Ringbones, Curbs and Splints 
just as quick. Not painful and never hits 
failed. Detailed information about this 
new method seut free to horse owners. 
Write today. Ask for pamphlet No. 88 
Fleming Bros., Chemists, Union Stock Yds., Chicago. 
