576 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER. 
August 23 
EVERYBODY’S GARDEN. 
Cabbage Jottings. —I recall that 
when a boy, my father always insisted 
that the cabbages ought to be hoed every 
morning. His arguments were often re¬ 
enforced by the precepts of the hired 
man, always with the conclusion that 
I was expected to exemplify their teach¬ 
ings. I looked upon their instruction as 
a makeshift got up for the sole purpose 
of forestalling my arrangements for 
play. In later years, however, I learned 
that my father’s way was right. In those 
days, the hand hoe was the chief de¬ 
pendence, and the work _ was irksome, 
but, when properly done, it brought re¬ 
sults. To-day, were it a choice between 
thorough culture and a generous appli¬ 
cation of manure, I would choose the 
former. On page 493, issue of July 19, 
A. P. Y. asks some pertinent cabbage 
questions which were well answered. 
Without reflecting on the answers there 
given, it might be added light to answer 
from a different viewpoint. In the early 
cultivation there would hardly be the re¬ 
motest danger of running the wheel hoe 
deep enough to cut the roots. The only 
danger would be in running too near the 
plants and cutting off the main stem. 
Later on when the roots began to spread 
somewhat, the large or ground leaves 
would prevent working close enough to 
do any damage. The question of muscle 
will regulate the matter and keep you 
from getting deep enough to injure the 
roots. The remedies given for the Cab¬ 
bage worm were all right, but a still 
more simple one, that I have never 
known to fail, is fine salt and wood 
ashes. One part of the former to three 
or four parts of the latter; sprinkled on, 
say a tablespoonful at a time, when 
plants are damp with dew, has always 
proved effectual. I fear that the average 
boy and net would be a bad combina¬ 
tion to turn loose in a cabbage field. It 
would be sowing the wind, only to reap 
the whirlwind. In the chase after a 
miller the plants would get badly in the 
way of a boy’s feet. There is one con¬ 
solation in dealing with the Cabbage 
worms. Speaking for this region (and 
cabbage growing is an immense indus¬ 
try here), they do very little damage 
except in the kitchen gardens or other 
small patches. In the large fields their 
work is hardly noticeable, but in gar¬ 
dens they are very destructive. If A. 
P. Y. is comparatively alone in the cab¬ 
bage growing there, then all the millers 
in the country will doubtless vent their 
spite on him with ruinous results. But 
if cabbages are extensively grown the 
worms will probably do but little harm. 
In any event, the remedies previously 
given with the one above will effectually 
hold them in check. 
Helpful Devices. —In these days of 
high priced help, the gardener’s time is 
about the most valuable thing he has for 
sale. Any devices for economizing time 
and labor are money saved. A few odd 
hours of time with small outlay of cash 
for material will save many days of hard 
labor during the season. For instance, 
a 10-inch flat file costing 15 to 18 cents 
will save 15 cents worth of muscle for 
every day’s use of the hoe, shovel or 
spade. File the blade to a nice bevel, 
working always from the upper side and 
never from the lower. File to an edge 
and do not slight it, and see how much 
lighter and less tiresome the work will 
be. The same treatment will also ap¬ 
ply to the wheel hoe, and will do more 
and better work with half the effort. If 
the tools become rusty, soak them in 
sour milk (thick or thin), over night 
and wipe them dry with a woolen cloth 
in the morning. If not wanted for im¬ 
mediate use, grease with axle grease, 
oil or any kindred substance, and they 
will be ready for brisk work whenever 
wanted. It never pays to work with dull 
or rusty tools. The cheap malleable or 
cast-iron garden rakes, offered at 15 to 
20 cents apiece are a weariness, and a 
bad investment altogether. A light, 
strong steel rake that can be sharpened 
if once dulled, would be cheap at four 
times the cost of the poorer ones. Any 
good tool, reasonable in price, that saves 
time and labor is money judiciously in¬ 
vested. With the present outlook of the 
labor problem it is reasonably certain 
that in every branch of husbandry less 
and less dependence can be placed upon 
hired help, and likewise more must be 
placed upon the resources within one’s 
reach. 
Draining Table. —A very convenient 
table for handling green vegetables or 
those sold with tops on, may be very 
cheaply constructed and will save many 
backaches. Four pieces 1 1 Ax2 1 / 2 inches, 
four feet long, are required. Bolt them 
together in pairs (flat sides together), 
with one bolt, 18 inches from one end, 
for the legs. Two pieces same size as 
above and any desired length form the 
top rails. Screw or bolt these to inner 
side of long ends. Two pieces same 
length 1x2 inches are bolted to outer 
side of short ends of legs six inches 
from the foot. This is the frame, which 
is covered with burlap or any strong 
open cloth by tacking firmly to outer 
edges of top rails. If covered with 
cloth one yard wide, when opened out, 
the table will be of convenient height 
for ordinary work, and will afford ample 
drainage for the vegetables. A tempor¬ 
ary board cover to be put on or taken 
off at will is also very helpful. It is 
made by cleating three one-foot boards 
together, and may be same length as 
table or shorter as desired. Being made 
to fold, it is easily stored away, and 
lasts for a long time and will be found 
useful for many purposes. 
Squash Trouble. —“Can you tell me 
what ails my squashes? They looked 
well and grew finely until the Summer 
squashes were nearly large enough to 
cook, and the Hubbard vines were five 
or six feet in length. Then they all 
wither and dry up, the Summer squash 
going first. The same trouble has oc¬ 
curred for three successive years, and 
the crop has been a total loss each time, 
yet I can discover nothing upon roots 
or vines even with a strong magnifying 
glass.” 
This was the burden of a letter receiv¬ 
ed a few days since, and boarding a trol¬ 
ley car I rode several miles to see if I 
could discover the trouble and find a 
remedy. There was only a small patch 
at first, which doubtless accounted for 
all being destroyed, as whatever was at 
work had but few vines upon which to 
vent their spite. A few hills remained, 
but they too were going, and the leaves 
were beginning to wither. I looked on 
the underside of the vines near the roots 
for stink bugs, but could discover no 
trace of them. Turning up a withered 
leaf the cause was entirely plain. There 
were eggs, baby stink bugs and half- 
grown bugs everywhere. There were no 
large ones visible, but doubtless they 
were not far away. When I told the 
grower the trouble, he said that in pre¬ 
vious years he had killed as high as 50 
or 60 full-grown bugs on a single hill. 
I told him the remedy would have been 
in prevention by destroying the old 
ones. It was too late then, however, and 
I told him to lay loose shingles around 
the hills to trap any old ones that might 
come back. They would hide there, and 
if closely watched could be killed. I 
told him to destroy the eggs and what 
small bugs he could get hold of, and 
early next morning, when the vines were 
damp, to dust thoroughly with cayenne 
pepper or tobacco dust and be sure to 
get to the underside of the leaves. 
Either would be helpful, or drenching 
with gas-tar water, as that is said to be 
a certain remedy for those bugs. Kero¬ 
sene emulsion would be helpful also, 
and thoroughly dusting with dry insec¬ 
ticides if readily obtainable would also 
destroy them. Some of the remedies I 
knew would be effectual, and if he did 
not save many squashes this year he 
would be in a position successfully to 
combat them in future years. 
Michigan. J. e. morse. 
The Kieffer Pear and San Jose Scale. 
F. (?., Riverton, N. J .—On page 495 Is an 
article that claims that some Individual 
Kieffer trees “seem” to be immune to the 
San Jose scale. If the writer means by 
the word “seem” that such trees appear 
to be proof against the scale but in reality 
are not, then he is correct. But if he means 
that such trees are proof against scale, I 
fear he mistakes. It will be time enough 
to make this claim when one such tree has 
been located in the whole United States. If 
the writer knows of one such tree, he 
should make known its location, as such 
a tree would be invaluable to horticulture. 
But to make such claims without evidence 
to support them is only to raise hopes 
among fruit growers which will be doomed 
to disappointment. 
Ans. —More than one observer has no¬ 
ticed the San Jos§ scale fails to estab¬ 
lish itself on certain Kieffer pear trees, 
which have been repeatedly infected. It 
cannot therefore be claimed these indi¬ 
vidual trees are really immune to the 
scale, though it would “seem” so. It is 
always possible some parasite or un¬ 
known enemy of the scale had been at 
work and prevented its development. 
Many seasons of careful observation 
would be needed to warrant the claim 
that any given tree is really immune 
though one could safely conclude it fair¬ 
ly resistant. The language quoted by our 
correspondent is certainly as explicit as 
present information warrants. The Chi¬ 
nese pear is native to the countries 
where the Pernicious scale has always 
existed, and it is reasonable to expect 
the hybrid descendants to resist the pest 
better than other species never before 
exposed to its attacks. 
QJEED WHEAT—Dawson Golden Chaff, American 
Bronze. Fultz-Mediterranean, Harvest King, 
Rudy. Fulcaste, from heavy yielding fields Clean; 
moderate prices. Samples free. Circular shows re¬ 
sults of comparative tests made at experiment sta¬ 
tions. A. H. HOFFMAN, Bamford, Fa. 
Big New Seed Wheats. 
Strong, vigorous new blood; pure, clean, fly-proof; 
Immense ylelders. Samples and catalogue No. 45 free 
for the asking. Our choice graded seed will double 
your yield. Maplewood Stock Farm, Maplewood. Mich 
Q r r n O-WHEAT—RYE-TIMOTHY. The 
o L L U 0 best varlc tles, carefully selected, per- 
T fectly clean. Fresh stock, sureto grow. 
Leading wheat varieties Mealy and Dawson's Golden 
Chaff Other kinds. Poole. F ltz, Red Iross. Send fo- 
circulars and prices O. C. SHEPARD CO.. Medina, O 
» Wheat Growers are you ordering seed 
, that will not yield with your own 
t Description 13 varieties with yields 
■c may save you dollars experimenting. 
Choice, clean seed reasonable. You 
can make several times our profit by writ¬ 
ing at once SMITH’S WHEAT FARM. 
Box A, Manchester, N. V. 
The New Wheat Invincible. 
Heaviest yielding, most reliable wheat grown. 
Winter-proof, lly-proof. water-proof. Tail, stiff 
straw, long bald heads filled with bright red grain, 
2,000 bushels from 00 acres. 
Mammoth White Rye. 
Outyields all other kinds. Twelve acres giving 45 
bushels and over two tons of straw per acre. 
Illustrated Catalogue Free. 
EDWAKD F. DIBBLE, Seed Grower, 
Honeoye Falls. Monroe Co., N. Y. 
flniAn more of them - sow my 
UIIIUII vel9 hardy White, earliest, Yellow 
and Red. 3 kinds. Send for testimonials and prices. 
BEAULIEU, theOnion Specialist, Woodhaven, N.y! 
Celery Plants—G iant Pascal, Golden 
Heart, Boston Market and White Plume at II per 
1,000; 15c. per 100. Caleb Boggs & Son, Cheswold, Del. 
flEI EDV Dl ItllTC - n0t s P in<m ng ones 
UkkCri I rlKd I W and not raised by irri¬ 
gation method—$1.50 per thousand. CLOVER SEED 
—Choice, clean Crimson or Scarlet of mv own raising, 
$3.50 per bu.S sacks free. J. C. ELLIS, Millsboro, Del'. 
fZ T1WCplVfi - Germinated seed ready to plant 
'-*■ v VA thi S Fall. Full directions for 
growing, and price of seed and plants. FREE 
ROYAL GINSENG GARDENS, Little York. N. Y. 
have ffrown the Plants since 
UllldCIfU J 893 - Plants and Seed for Sale. 
LYNDEN GINSENG AND STOCK FARM, 
Silas Timerman & Son. Clockviile. N. Y. 
D WYER'S Summer and Au¬ 
tumn Catalogue (now ready) 
of Pot-Grown Strawberry Plants. 
Pot-Grown Clematis, Honey¬ 
suckle, Ivy, etc. A full line of 
Fruit and Ornamental Trees, 
Vines and Plants. 
This Catalogue, with beautiful colored plates, 
mailed free—write for it. T. J. DWYER & SON, 
Orange County Nurseries, Box 1, Cornwall, N. Y. 
L 
NEW 
STRAWBERRY. 
The flower of 
the world. Six 
b e r r i e s ti 11 a 
a quart box. 
Fruit it 1903. (> 
strong ro ted 
1 lants by mail 
for $1.50: each 
plant will yield 
a full crop next 
season. 
T.C.KEVITT, 
Introducer, 
Athenia, N.J, 
o-FOR A -o 
Sweet Cider Apple 
PLANT THE HONEY. 
It produces the most and best. Seventy-live other 
varieties orf apples and a complete line of stock. 
Catalogue Free. 
C. D. WENCER, Dayton, Va. 
Glenwood Nurseries 
Most complete assortment of choice 
Ornamental Trees, Shrubs and Vines. 
Send for Descriptive Illustrated Catalogue. 
THE WM. H. MOON CO., MORRISVILLE, PA. 
60 miles from New Y T ork; 30 miles from Philadelphia. 
BUDS 
OF 
Apple, Peach 
AND Pear. 
The largest collection of apples and peaches in the 
United States. Send for list of varieties and price to¬ 
day. Buds packed secure to reach any part of the U. S. 
J. G. HARRISON & SONS, Berlin, Mil. 
Choice Seed Wheat. 
The three best-yielding, most hardy, and Insect- 
resisting varieties yet known. “MEALY.”—Bed. 
hald head, velvet chaff. Two bushels, $2.50; 10 bush¬ 
els or more, $1.15 per bushel. “PROSPERITY.”— 
Red, white chaff, and “DAWSON’S GOLDEN 
CHAFF,” white. Two bushels, $2.25; 10 bushels or 
more, $1.05 per bushel; bags free. Samples for two- 
cent stamp. Terms: Cash with order; Post-Office 
Money-Order Office, Caledonia, N. Y. 
D. C. MCPHERSON SEED CO„ 
Monroe County. Gar butt. N. Y. 
Crimson Clover Seed.—New crop now 
ready. K. S. JOHNSTON, Box 4, Stoekley. Del. 
I 
!■ _ I A —500 bushels Early Black Cow 
!“ Oi OQ I v Peas, $2 bu.; 100 bushels Early 
Black-eyed Peas. $2 bushel; 500 bushels Delaware- 
grown Crimson Clover Seed, $3.50 bushel. 
J. E. HOLLAND, Milford, Del. 
Fruit & Ornamental, 
Shrubs, Roses, Bulbs 
and Plants. 
Correspondence sollo- 
ited.Valuable Catalogue fre». 
49th year. 44 greenhouses. 1000 acres. 
THE STORRS & HARRISON CO., 
Painesville, Ohio. 
Trees, Vines and Plants. 
Apple, Pear, Peach, Plum and Cherry Trees, 
of all the lending varieties, In any quaj.’ity, at very 
low prlc s Trees, extra fine, free from scaleor Insect 
pes’s. Wo offer, by the thousand or carload, a beau 
tlful lot of Peach Trees. Don’t miss wrltin us for 
prices on them, and for nandsom dcscriptt o cata¬ 
logue. One dormant, bud tree of our new Liston 
peach mailed free to each person answering this 
advertisement Add toss 
THE VILLAGE NURSERIES. Harnedsvll , Pa. 
_ 
■inppA H||lt gng ■ UVB-Free from Scale. New and Choice Varieties. 
|Ktto Allll i LARId Blackberries, Strawberries, Raspberries, 
Our FREE CATALOGUE will save you money. MYER & SON, BrldgevlUe, Del. 
TREES 
$8 PER 100. 
APPLE, PEAR, PLUM and PEACH: healthy, true to name 
and Fumigated. All kinds of trees and plants at low whole¬ 
sale prices. Don’t buy until you get our catalogue, which is free, or send list of wants 
for special price. Address RELIANCE NURSERY, Box 1, Geneva, New Y’ork. 
N O SCALE UP HERE. 
ROGERS ON THE HILL. 
The Rogers Nurseries, Tree Breeders, Dansville, N. Y. 
IMPORTED “MALAKDFF" WINTER SEED WHEAT 
50 Bushels per Acre; Product of our own crop; grown from seed imported by us last year 
from near Black Sea in Crimea, Russia. PRICE, $2 per bushel here, bags free. All other leading 
sorts of Seed Wheat, both hard and soft, $1 p r bushel and up. Write for free catalogue, samples 
and descriptions. Address d. K. kATKKIN & SON, Shenandoah, Iowa- 
PRIMSON GLOVER 
V HENRY a. DREER, 714 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia, Pa. 
In sowing this valuable clover Jt Is important 
that American seed is used. We supply gen 
uine Delaware seed only. Our special circular 
describing uses of Crimson Clover Is mailed 
