736 
November 1 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER. 
FARMERS’ CLUB 
[Every query must be accompanied by 
the name and address of the writer to in¬ 
sure attention. Before asking a question, 
please see whether it is not answered in 
our advertising columns. Ask only a few 
questions at one time. Put questions on a 
separate piece of paper.] 
Care of Fruit Seeds. 
R. (No Address).— I am getting up a little 
collection of seeds such as those of apples, 
pears, grapes and peaches to send to a 
friend in the northwestern part of Canada. 
I would like to know what time of year 
they ought to be planted to do the best. I 
have never sown such before and am in 
the dark about them. 
Ans. —The seeds of all fruits should 
not be allowed to become very dry be¬ 
fore planting, but they need not be kept 
wet. They are the better for Fall plant¬ 
ing, but may be stratified or mixed with 
moist earth and kept over Winter in 
perfect condition. When early Spring 
comes they should be planted in good 
garden soil, about one inch deep and in 
rows that will allow good tillage. The 
seeds may be sent by mail or express in 
a reasonably dry state to any part of 
this country. iu e. y. d. 
Cement for a Roof. 
D. C. S., So. Canisteo, N. Y.— Do you know 
of anyone putting a cement roof on build¬ 
ings, I mean Portland or Rosendale ce¬ 
ment and sand? Would the cold heave a 
house and crack the roof where the house 
is on a good cellar wall that apparently 
does not stir? 
Ans. —Cement, or otherwise hydraulic 
lime, however used even with pitch, is 
not a practicable material for roofs. It 
shrinks and cracks by both hot dry 
weather and by freezing. Attempts have 
keen made with it in all practicable 
ways, but without success. The mere 
disturbance of a building alone by frost 
or other causes of vibration is no dis¬ 
qualification of this material, but it is 
the expansion by heat and after contrac¬ 
tion in the Summer and these results 
reversed by the cold of Winter, which 
very quickly break it up and ruin it. The 
weight of it too is a serious obstacle. 
There are several kinds of roofing felt 
made, in which asphalt, tar and some 
fibrous binding substance as asbestos is 
used for the material, which are excel¬ 
lent for use on sloping roofs, but these 
are not available on flat roofs. h. s. 
Soft Coal and Sooty Chimneys. 
E. D. R., Pennsylvania. —We are told by 
science that when we burn hard coal we 
should occasionally burn some oyster 
shells to keep the flues clean. Is there 
anything that can be thus used with soft 
coal to keep flues and pipe measurably 
clean, as the ever-recurring job of taking 
down and cleaning is a great nuisance? 
Ans. —There is nothing contained in 
oyster shells by which chimney flues 
may be cleaned of deposit from coal 
burned. When oyster shells, which are 
nearly pure carbonate of lime, are burn¬ 
ed, carbonic acid is produced. But the 
very same substance is produced by 
burning coal, as the carbon of the coal, 
in burning, combines with the oxygen 
of the air by which the combustion is 
effected, and carbonic acid is thus pro¬ 
duced, in part, and some of the carbon 
unconsumed is deposited in the form 
of soft soot, or a hard substance of 
similar character, these collecting on the 
inside walls of the flues. It is impos¬ 
sible to burn any coal without frequent 
cleaning of the flues and pipes. This is 
all the more requisite when soft coal is 
used. Indeed the use of soft coal is so 
troublesome that it is quite commonly 
changed into coke by partial burning, 
by which the volatile matter of the coal 
soft coal is ever forced on us by any 
circumstances, the only substitute for it 
must be coke, for the enormous quan¬ 
tity of soot escaping from soft coal 
would amount to a nuisance which 
would be intolerable in several ways. 
n. s. 
Steep Versus Level. 
Citizen (No Address).—A man wishes to sell 
to me some land he owns. It is very steep, 
and I have asked him to see that his land 
surveyor, in measuring it, gives horizontal 
(or level), not sloping, or hypothenusal 
measurement when chaining it. He said 
he would have chaining done so as to give 
the distance on the surface of the hillside, 
however steep, because he would, he said, 
get more land on a hill than on the level 
land of its base. I said he could plant no 
more trees or build no more houses, and 
have the trees or houses the same distance 
horizontally between them on the hill than 
on the level land or base on which they 
stood. He differed and said I was wrong. 
Give me your answer to this. 
Ans. —There is no doubt that Citizen 
is right. The horizontal lines are the 
only ones surveyors use in measuring 
the acreage of land. As many trees or 
houses can be put the same distance 
apart on level land as on inclined or 
sloping land. Their horizontal dis¬ 
tances apart will be the same. No more 
trees per acre can be planted on sloping 
than on level land; except that one side 
of each—the side opposite the hill—will 
have more room where it is above the 
top of the one below it. h. e. v. d. 
Lime for Greenhouse Soil. 
F. C. S., Bronxvillc, N. Y.—l have had con¬ 
siderable trouble with soil that I use in 
the greenhouse. I have tested it with the 
blue litmus paper and it turns reddish in 
a few minutes, which indicates that there 
is a great deal of acid in it, and a green 
scum grows on top of it also. The soil I 
use is taken from a sod field that has not 
been plowed or cultivated for the past 15 
years, only hay taken from it every Sum¬ 
mer. I generally put up a compost heap 
every Spring to use in the greenhouses, 
about three-fourths sod and soil and one- 
fourth cow manure. Would you advise me to 
use the lime, mix it in when putting up 
the compost heap, or would you advise put¬ 
ting the lime on the ground this Fall, leav¬ 
ing on till Spring, then take it up? Which 
is the better, air-slaked lime made from 
marble or oystershell lime? Do Canada 
hardwood ashes contain any lime, and 
would they answer for the purpose where 
the soil is sour? 
Ans. —Lime is evidently needed in that 
soil. You may apply the lime to the soil 
this Fall or mix it in the compost as 
preferred. The latter will be surer. The 
stone lime is better. Unleached wood 
ashes contain about 33 per cent of lime. 
We would rather use the stone lime—10 
pounds to a ton of the soil. 
Value ot Cob Ashes. 
If. K. W., Norlhville (No State)— On page 
6S8 E. H. T., Bates, Ill., asks about cob 
ashes for corn. You say a ton contains 
142 pounds of potash. Do not cob ashes 
contain more potash than hard wood, which 
averages 7.25 per 100 pounds? I would like 
to buy a few hundredweight of cob ashes. 
Ans. —Our figures are taken from the 
report of the Massachusetts Experiment 
Station, which represent the averages of 
many analyses. As we frequently have 
questions about ashes we give below an¬ 
alyses of several kinds. The figures 
represent the average of different sam¬ 
ples. Pounds in one ton: 
BOOK BULLETIN. 
Marion’s Experiences; School Days in 
Germany, by Lucy A. Hill. This book 
gives, in the form of a story, a great deal 
of information about German usages, social 
customs and history. It will be found very 
interesting by girls from 10 to 15, and may 
be recommended to those who prefer to se¬ 
lect juvenile books having some other aim 
besides entertainment. Published by the 
Educational Publishing Company, New 
York; price 75 cents. 
The Story of a Living Temple, by 
Frederick M. Rossiter and Mary H. Ros- 
siter. This is the title of a book intended 
to teach the salient facts of physiology in 
a simple and interesting way, so that chil¬ 
dren may understand it. This it accom¬ 
plishes very happily, teaching the relation 
of the healthy body to sound morals and 
healthy minds. It will be found an ex¬ 
cellent book for a mother to read aloud to 
her children. In its description of the body 
as a temple, it includes an account of its 
building through the digestive processes, 
and also refers to the evil agencies that 
may mar it or break it down. It not only 
inculcates sound morals, but also instils a 
reverence for the body which cannot fail 
to act as an incentive to higher thought. 
We consider it a most helpful book for the 
family library. Published by the Fleming 
H. Revell Company, Chicago; price $1 net; 
postage additional. 
For the land’s sake, use Bowker’s Fer¬ 
tilizers. They enrich the earth.— Adv. 
Course in Farm Practice. 
SIX WEEKS BEGINNING NOVEMBER 10. 
free from frills. 
No entrance ex- 
Condensed and practical; 
Busy farmers find it pays 
amination. Not expensive. 
Rhode Island College, Kingston, R.l. 
IS THE STANDARD 
STEAM PUMPS m uF Tsm i 
GASOLINE ENGINES® 
WRITE FOR CIRCULAR QE jig! 
THE AMERICAN WELL WORKS 
AURORA,ILL.'CHICAGO.- DALLAS-TEX 
DERRICK OIL CO. 
Box 53. Titusville, Pa. 
ELITE OIL. 
A perfect burning 
oil. Shipped on trial, 
to be returned at our 
expense if not satis¬ 
factory. 60-gal. galva¬ 
nized iron storage tank 
with pump, cover and 
hasp for lock .Write for 
particulars and prices. 
PLOWING MADE EASY. 
I The Wonder Plow Attachment can 
bo attached to beam of any plow; 
regulates depth and width of furrow; 
, saves 1-3 draft on horses, relieves 
\ all labor of man, as you need not 
I hold pl.w handles to do perfect 
1 plowing. 10 year old boy can plow 
in hardest soil. 
AGENTS WANTED. Fast seller 
everywhere. Big money for workers. No chart 
SAN JOSE SCALE. 
And other Insects can be Controlled by Using 
Good’s Caustic Potash Whale- 
Oil Soap No. 3. 
It also prevents Curl Leaf. Endorsed by Entomolo¬ 
gists. This Soap is a Fertilizer as well as Insecticide. 
60-lb. Kegs, $2.50; 100-lb. Kegs, $4.50; Half-Barrel, 
270 lbs., per lb.; Barrel. 425 lbs., 3Mc. Large 
quantities, Special Kates. Send for Circulars. 
JAMES GOOD, 930 N. Front St., Philadelphia, Pa 
Spent tan bark ... 
Number of 
analyses. 
.5 
Pot¬ 
ash. 
36 
Phos. 
acid. 
27 
Cremated swill ... 
.15 
79 
283 
“ garbage 
.3 
103 
175 
Coal ashes . 
.2 
8 
9 
Brickyard ashes . 
.1 
72 
32 
Corncob ashes .... 
.1 
142 
47 
Cotton-seed hull . 
.21 
479 
174 
Leather scrap .... 
.1 
67 
79 
Peat ashes . 
.1 
9 
2 
Seaweed . 
.1 
18 
6 
Wood ashes . 
.340 
113 
26 
In buying unleached ashes we usually 
figure on about five per cent of potash. 
We do not pretend to say that the Illi¬ 
nois cob ashes contain exactly 142 
which produces the smoke and soot in pounds of potash to the ton. They may 
the burning of coal in fires or stoves is 
distilled out into the form of tar or 
pitch, and a nearly pure carbon is form¬ 
ed. This coke when burned in open 
fireplaces or stoves makes no smoke 
and but a very little flame. Thus to 
change coal into coke is considered an 
economy—as indeed it is—as well as a 
very great convenience. If the use of 
contain more or less—depending on the 
way they have been burned and stored. 
If we were able to buy any large quan¬ 
tity of them we would send a fair sam¬ 
ple to the State Experiment Station for 
analysis, and thus know just what we 
were buying. We have been asked why 
the ashes of swill and garbage are so 
rich in phosphoric acid. This refuse 
contains a good many bones which, when 
burned, yield considerable hone ash. 
Fleming’s 3 are free if they fail. 
End of Lump Jaw. 
Fleming’s lump Jaw Cure has for six years 
cured 99% of all cases, mild or severe. Easy 
to use, not severe, seldom leaves a scar. Loss 
is certain without tho remedy. Cure is sure 
with it. 
No More Spavins. 
It is worth your while to kiww of a certain 
means of curing any spavin in 45 minutes. 
You can wonder but you dare not doubt, for 
we have the evidence and you can tost for 
yourself. Curb, Splint and Ringbone just 
as easy. Flcmlog’sSpaviu Cure is painless 
and harmless. 
fistula & Ml Ml 
Cured in two to four Weeks. 
Fleming’s Fistula nnd Poll Evil Cure 
is our latest addition to the list of remedies 
that never fail. We have yet to find a single 
incurable case among the thousands whore 
the remedy has been tried. 
Write today for circulars on any or all 
the above remedies. State which are wanted. 
FLEMING BROS., Chemists, 
222 Union Stock Yards, Chicago, III. 
YOUR DEPOSITS SOLICITED 
UPON WHICH WE WILL PAY 
5% Per Annum 
Paid In 
Capital 
81,000,000 
Assets 
8 1,600,000 
Surplus 
8185,000 
Our depositors participate in the 
earnings of a non-speculative busi 
ness, operating in gilt-edged New 
York real estate securities. Under 
absolute supervision of State Bank¬ 
ing Department. o ur methods en¬ 
dorsed and recommended by leading 
clergymen, business and profes¬ 
sional men throughout the country. 
We will gladly send you full particu¬ 
lars upon request. 
Industrial Savings and Loan Co., 
1134 Broadway, New York. 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER 
AND 
HOARD'S DAIRYMAN 
make the best combination of farm information 
in the world. _ 
T1IE RURAL NEW-YORKER is the acknow¬ 
ledged authority on horticultural and general farm 
subjects. For reliable information you can go no 
higher. It is the court of last resort. Such informa¬ 
tion costs The R. N.-Y. more than the entire editorial 
work of any other three farm papers all together. 
Both Hoard’s Dairyman and 
The Rural New-Yorker, one 
year, for SI.65. 
For free sample copy and booklet, “ A Thinking 
Farmer,” send to THE RURAL NEW-YORKER, 
409 Pearl Street, New York, N. \ r . 
Cider Machinery.—Send for catalogue to Boomer ft 
Boscbert Press Co., 118 West Water St.,Syracuse,N.Y. 
to St. Paul & 
Minneapolis 
Four Daily Fast Trains from Chicago 
via the Chicago & North-West¬ 
ern Railway, including 
the famous 
NORTH-WESTERN LIMITED 
electric lighted fast night train leav¬ 
ing Chicago 6.30 p. m., arriving St. 
Paul 7.25 next morning. Perfect 
Dining Car service. 
Double track, the short line, block 
signals, heavy steel,carefully main¬ 
tained roadway and powerful loco¬ 
motives of the most modern type, 
make the Chicago & North-Western 
the Pioneer Line, the route par ex¬ 
cellence to theWest and Northwest. 
Rll Agents sell Tickets via The 
North-Western Line . 
[SKUNKlu 
and all other Raw Furs; also Cattle and Horse Hides 
shipped to us will bring the Farmer and Trapper 10 to 50% 
more than If sold athomc. We want every Farmer, Trader, 
Trapper and Buyer In the U.8. and Canada to ship his Raw j 
Furs and Hides to us. Highest market prices and prompt | 
cash returns guaranteed. Write for our price list, shipping j 
tags, Game Laws, etc. ANDERSCH BROS., \ 
Dept. 59 3iain fct., Minneapolis, Minn, j 
BinwiOM—inrw ■wniww '■ 
A Darning Machine* 
This is the only successful darning 
machine we ever saw. We have tried 
others that were absolutely of no value. 
This one is little short of perfect. It 
enables you to mend underwear, stock¬ 
ings, curtains, table linens, clothing, and 
does an endless variety of art and fancy 
weaving better, easier and quicker than 
by any other way. Full directions ac¬ 
company each machine. When a lady 
has once used this little machine, she 
would not do without it for any con¬ 
sideration. We will send it postpaid for 
$1, or for two new yearly subscriptions 
at $1 each. All money returned if not 
satisfied. 
