1902 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER. 
747 
STEAM IN THE SILO . 
Nearly 20 years ago, when silage was 
an uncertain quantity, a student at an 
agricultural college suggested running 
a jet of live steam in at the bottom of a 
cement silo. The argument was that 
this would cook the silage, and, if the 
silo were then tightly closed, give it just 
about the conditions under which fruit 
or vegetables are canned. This sugges¬ 
tion was laughed at as absurd. From 
time to time we have seen reports of the 
use of steam for preserving stock food. 
In one case an English farmer had a 
quantity of musty or damaged hay. It 
was packed into a small barn—all the 
cracks and holes being closed. A pipe 
was run inside at the bottom of the hay, 
and steam forced in under powerful 
pressure. This was kept up until the 
stream escaped at the top. The result 
was that decay of the hay was prevented 
so that it made fair fodder. 
Now we find in Bulletin No. 72 of the 
Oregon Experiment Station (Corvallis) 
an interesting account of steaming si¬ 
lage. The silos, made purposely for the 
experiment, were constructed of well 
seasoned Yellow fir dressed tongue and 
groove lumber, 1 % inch thick, 3 y 2 inches 
wide and 12 feet long. When completed 
the silos measured approximately five 
feet in diameter and 12 feet deep. They 
were constructed plain, having no doors, 
so that the only way of filling and 
DEVICE FOR STEAMING SILAGE. Fig. 305. 
emptying was by way of the top of the 
silo. Fiv.e such silos were constructed; 
two of them, Nos. 1 and 5, were fitted 
with 114-inch piping so that they could 
be steamed after being filled. 
The picture, Fig. 305, clearly shows how 
the steam pipes were connected. In one 
case the steam was delivered near the 
like ordinary silage!” Analysis of this 
silage showed that it did not undergo 
nearly as great a chemical change as the 
silage put up in the ordinary way. Of 
course such a small silo does not give a 
fair chance for practical investigation, 
and this year the experiments have been 
repeated on a larger scale—in silos nine 
and 10 feet in diameter. These have 
been filled with corn and green clover, 
and thoroughly steamed. While no ac¬ 
tual feeding results can be given until 
this silage is taken out and fed we feel 
very confident that steaming, in tight 
silos, will be found very useful in some 
sections of the country. 
Keeping Shredded Fodder. 
A large quantity of corn fodder, shred¬ 
ded at the time of husking, will not keep 
in the mow without heating and mold¬ 
ing, but with a liberal amount of dry 
straw I have no doubt it would keep. We 
have tried this method with whole fod¬ 
der and it proved satisfactory. The salt 
would help to keep it, but would not do 
it without the straw. s. w. could. 
Maine. 
I have had no experience with shred¬ 
ded fodder, but see no reason why the 
shredding should in any way prevent its 
keeping as well as whole. I should be 
willing to risk it, if alternate layers of 
dry straw were used, but it were well to 
bear in mind that the corn crop in this 
part of the country is very late and im¬ 
mature, the silage corn particularly, and 
the silos with the same acreage as usual, 
are only one-half or two-thirds full. I 
have just finished about six weeks’ fill¬ 
ing silos, and find the complaint is gen¬ 
eral. c. E. p. 
Worcester Co., Mass. 
MILK NOTES. 
The milk situation is about the same as 
previous years, cows are looking fairly 
well, but flow of milk is rather light. As a 
rule there was not corn enough to fill the 
silos, and this will not induce the farmers 
to buy as many fresh milkers as usual. I 
think the quantity of Winter milk will fall 
short of that generally furnished from this 
part of the State. Hay was badly damaged 
by wet weather. Oats were a good crop, 
and plenty of straw. Potatoes not over 
one-quarter of a crop. Cabbage looking 
fairly well, but price very low, which will 
induce farmers to feed it quite extensively; 
this will have a tendency to increase the 
flow of milk. o. f. l. 
Tully, N. Y. 
The outlook for the milk situation here 
is very promising, and nearly all of the 
dairymen will 'have fat dividends, as the 
condensery is paying over three cents per 
quart. The cows are all in fine condition, 
owing to the abundant pasture and after¬ 
feed, and are hard to buy at any price. The 
farmers as a rule will keep all the Winter 
milkers that they can conveniently carry 
over, owing to the good prices for milk, 
and also because grain is much cheaper 
than last year. Spring bran is $16.50 per 
ton by the car, and other feeds are in pro¬ 
portion. The oat crop was very large 
through this section, but corn was nearly a 
failure owing to the cold wet season. Fol¬ 
lowing are the milk prices per 100 pounds 
for the next six months: October, $1.45 per 
100 pounds; November, $1.55; December, 
$1.65; January, $1.65; February, $1.50; March, 
$1.40. o. R. M. 
North Upton, N. Y. 
$ 5,000 Reward. 
Anybody can secure that amount 
who will prove that any letter or 
i- endorsement which we publish in 
any way, relative to the merits of 
Tuttle’s Elixir 
is spurious or untruthful. It needs 
nothing but the truth to support it. It 
is undoubtedly the best veterinary 
( remedy known to man. 
Used and Endorsed by Adams 
Express Company . 
Tuttle’s American Condition Powders 
—A specific for impure blood and all diseases arising therefrom. 
TUTTLE’S FAMILY ELIXIR cures rheumatism, 
sprains, bruises, etc. Kills pain instantly. Our 100-page book, 
•’Veterinary Experience." FREE. 
Dr. S. A. TUTTLE, 30 Beverly St., Boston, Mass. 
Beware of so-called Elixirs—none genuine but Tuttle’s. 
Avoid all blisters; they offer only temporary relief, if any. 
DeUImL 
Cream Separators 
For twenty years the World’s Standard 
Send for free catalogue. 
The De Laval Separator Co., 74 Cortlaadt St., N.Yt 
which tells all about the 
EMPIRE Running 
CREAM SEPARATOR.. 
If you own cows it will pay you to 
read the book, whether you want 
a separator or not. Let us send it. 
U. S.BUTTER EXTRACTOR CO. 
Bloomfield, N. J. 
Mew Model Mo. 7 
Bone Cutter 
is admittedly the best. Only one 
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These claims we are ready 
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free, a National Hand 
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Send for it and work it a 
third of a month—if itdon’t 
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at our expense. Write 
for full particulars. 
NATIONAL DAIRY 
• MACHINE COMPANY 
Newark, N. J. 
- iLABtLJ 
Dana’s White Metallic Ear Label 
with your name and consecutive numbers. Always ntxyoSJ ] 
easy to read. Best for sucking calves, cattle, sheepiaM I 
hogs. Usedas official mark by 40 recording assoclatiOUi I 
also by thousands of the best farmers rnd breeders. 
Sample Free. Agents wanted. Liberal terms. \ 
C. H. DANA, 74 Main St., W. Lebanon, N. Q. 
will double your egg yield. Thous- 1 
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say so. 11 costs 1 ess, turns easier, I 
cuts faster and lasts longer than | 
any other. Price $f> .00 up. Hold on 1 & Hays’ 
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STRATTON MF’Gi CO., 
Box IB, Erie, Pa. 
ADAM’S CUTS 
easily, quickly, neatly. Among 
GREEN BONE CUTTERS 
It stand3 alone. The only one with 
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W. J. ADAM, JOLIET, ILLINOIS. 
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Western orders filled 
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| The Convex Christiana, Pa. 
Mann’s Latest Model Bone Cutter 
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F. W. MANN CO., B ox IS, MILFORD. MASS. 
Humane Dehorning implies quick, sharp cutting and no crushing. That is what gives the 
KEYSTONE dehorner is over in an instant. Cuts from 
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bottom only. The other was fitted “so 
that steam could be liberated in the silo 
within two inches of the bottom at G, 
and also midway between the bottom 
and top at F. The upright pipe EF in 
the silo was covered with a cap at F so 
as to prevent fodder from falling into 
the pipe. Ten to 15 holes three-eighths- 
inch in diameter were drilled in the pipe 
near the cap at F as outlets for the 
steam. The elbow at G turns directly 
down and comes to within about two 
inches of the bottom of the silo. This 
elbow G prevents material from getting 
into the pipe GH and serves as an easy 
outlet for the steam when forcing it in¬ 
to the silo near the bottom.” 
The corn cut into these silos was quite 
green. It was cut into three-fourths-inch 
lengths and packed down so that each 
silo contained a little over three tons. 
Steam was introduced under pressure of 
first 20 and again later at 40 pounds. 
This was kept up until the steam es¬ 
caped at the top and the temperature 
rose to 212 degrees. Then the steam was 
turned off and the pipe stuffed with 
sterilized cotton, while the top of the 
silage was covered with the same ma¬ 
terial. As a result of the steaming the 
silage shrunk about 25 per cent. When 
opened there was some loss at the top, 
as the cotton did not prove a good pro¬ 
tector. Below the moldy part the si¬ 
lage was bright and sweet—“with the 
odor of cooked sweet corn—not at all 
^ Where 
the Profit Lies 
MWg Dr. Hess’ Stock Food affords the means of profitable 
feeding by giving a sharp appetite, compelling complete 
Wg digestion and perfect assimilation so that a greater amount of Vl 
yg food may be taken and a greater amount of flesh may be rap- V 
§ idly forced. Dr. Hess’ Stock Food shortens the feeding period Y 
’ at least 30 days. It is not a substitute for hay and grain—it is a power¬ 
ful tonic that enables the animal’s system to appropriate every particle 
of nutrition out of the stuff fed, allowing nothing to pass off as waste, 
la sold on a written guarantee, in 100 lb. sacks, at 85; smaller packages at a slight 
advance. Fed in small dose. It is the scientific com¬ 
pound for cattle, hogs, sheep and horses, endorsed by 
veterinary colleges and prescribed by eminent 
physicians and veterinarians. Dr. Iless is a grad¬ 
uate of famous medical and veterinary colleges— 
no unprofessional manufacturer can equal his 
scientific preparations; nor has any other vet¬ 
erinarian ever given to medical literature such 
a valuable contribution as the DR, HESS’ 
Famous Stock Book, sent free 
to any one mentioning this paper and 
stating what stock he owns and what 
stock foor. he has previously used. For 
this same information you will also be 
entitled to the following: 
Free prescription for your stock—During November 
Dr. I less will ’emonstrate bis ability to successfully 
' treat stock diseases by sending a free letter of aclvtce 
and prescription to any reader of this paper. If 
you have a sick or injured animal, don’t miss 
this opportunity. Itmay save you bundredsof 
dollars. Send 2c stamp for reply. Address 
DR. HESS 4, CLARK, 
Ashland, Ohio. 
Dr. Hess* Stock 
Food is sold on 
at written guar¬ 
antee, in 100 lb. 
sacks at $5.00; 
smaller pack¬ 
ages at a slight 
advance. F ed 
in small dose. 
