668 
R. MIDDLETON. 
course of forty-eight hours the same process was repeated four 
times ; for the following forty-eight hours the clouded liquid re¬ 
mained in a temperature of 102° F. The same was now filtered 
by the aid of an air pump through a Pasteur filter, yielding at 
the termination 12 cubic centimeters of a transparent light yel¬ 
low fluid, which was subjected fifteen minutes to a temperature 
of 248° F. Two glanderous patients and one artificially inocu¬ 
lated subject received 1 ccm. each of the liquid with the result 
that in from ten to thirteen hours the rectal temperature ad¬ 
vanced 3.6° F. and 4.8° F. above normal; the same dose was 
administered to two healthy animals without inducing notewor¬ 
thy increase in body heat. 
Most unfortunately the pioneer in these experiments, Kalning, 
succumbed to an infection of the dreaded disease some weeks 
later, so that the researches were not perfected. Following Kal¬ 
ning came Preusse 1 and Pearson 2 who experimented in this direc¬ 
tion, and who fabricated a lymph by an exclusive process. 
Preusse obtained for the preparation of the malleine old, 
parched and hardened potato cultures of the bacillus, with the 
idea that these contained the material which stained the tuber a 
brown or a black—the active substance. These cultures were 
treated with a fluid composed of equal parts of water and glycer¬ 
ine, and allowed to remain several days in a thermostat at 95 0 
F. He thereby secured by successive filtrations and sterilizations 
an oleaginous fluid, dark yellow in color and somewhat opaque ; 
neutral or slightly acid in reaction, and of a peculiar odor, con¬ 
taining the pigment of the original cultures, which remained 
bleached. With this lymph Preusse proceeded with trials, using ) 
guinea-pigs afflicted with artificial glanders, also six suspicious 
horses which manifested no open character of the disease pre¬ 
vious to the application. 
For purposes of injection he diluted one part of the liquid 
with ten parts of a two per cent, carbolic solution, using of this 
to each horse from 1-3 ccm. (1-4.0 g. malleine. Seven and a half 
(1) Yersuche mit Rotzlymphe (Mallein). (Berl. Thier. Woch., 1891, No. 29). 
(2) Ueber die WirkiDg de8 Malleins. (Zeitschr. fur Yet., 1891, No. 5). 
