674 
R. MIDDLETON. 
When, however, less is injected, J^ccm, the effect in sound 
animals of the equine species is null; local reaction is about or 
hardly visible, body temperature normal and general health not 
influenced. On the contrary, the effect upon afflicted horses is 
noteworthy. Following the J^ccm dose is remarked a volumin¬ 
ous swelling at the point of injection, which is cedematous, pain¬ 
ful and warm, seldom suppurating. Animal dejected, trembling 
and breathing more rapid than in health. Temperature soon 
reaches an increase of 4.0 0 F., arriving at its maximum at the 
tenth hour, after which it retreats somewhat, previous to remain¬ 
ing twenty-four to forty-eight hours at an advance above nor¬ 
mal. Alterations in the pulse occur as the temperature varies. 
Nocard handled forty-eight horses with malleine, of which 
thirty-four proved to be glanderous. In these the temperature 
advanced 3.o°-5.o° F. Of the fourteen not affected only four 
manifested a deviation, insignificant in amount—i.8°F.; these 
were suffering respectively from bronchitis, chronic swelling of 
the submaxillary gland of unknown nature, and melanosis. 
He came to the conclusion, therefore, that all horses having 
no abnormality remained unaffected by malleine; while in horses 
giving a slight increase in body heat, the respiratory tract was 
invariably the seat of some lesion. 
The following is instanced to illustrate how trifling the cir¬ 
cumstance necessary to cause a variation: A horse which pre¬ 
sented a slight enlargement of the submaxillary gland had been 
inoculated three times with the lymph, each time varying more 
than i.o° F. from normal. After excision of the gland (cultures 
of the same having failed of operation) the animal was subjected 
to a fourth injection, upon which the temperature did not vary. 
Another case, which had stood adjacent to a glanderous 
patient, was declared by Nocard to be itself affected, to the as¬ 
tonishment of other veterinarians. The autopsy and lymph cor¬ 
roborated his affirmation. 
Finally, the malleine, so prepared, rendered cases of occult 
glanders patent, even when the nasal discharge and glands them¬ 
selves were inoculated into other animals and failed of results. 
Nocard recites otherexamples of the uniformity of this lymph, 
and suggests its application upon horses of the army. 
