14 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER. 
January 7 
HOLLOW HORNS IN CATTLE. 
In The R. N.-Y. of November 26, under Ailing 
Animals, Dr. K lborne answers a query concern¬ 
ing hollow horn, and says that, up to two years 
of age, horns are nearly or quite solid. I am in¬ 
terested in this hollow-horn fad, because to-day 
we dishorned all our cattle, ranging in age from 
five months to 12 years, and a seven-months-old 
calf had by far more cavity than any in the lot, 
not excluding the old cow. In fact, we were as¬ 
tonished to find such large cavities in so young 
an animal. To an observer, the calf looks thrifty, 
yet I’ know it was not growing as rapidly as 
formerly, and could not decide what ailed it. It 
remains to be seen how it will do now. If there 
is no such disease as hollow horn, what is a hol¬ 
low horn called ? If the normal growth at that 
age is nearly or quite solid, such very large hol¬ 
lows must be abnormal or a disease, or repre¬ 
sent a disease of some kind somewhere within. 
Wayne County, Ohio. A. h. 
There is either some mistake or delu¬ 
sion in the statements of A. H. His ob¬ 
servations were, evidently, biased by his 
expectation of finding some hollow to 
account for the unthriftiness of the 
calf. That “ a seven-months-old calf had 
by far more cavity than any other in the 
lot,” i. e., in a herd of cattle ranging in 
age from five months to 12 years, is mani¬ 
festly incorrect, as no such hollow exists 
in the horn of the seven-months calf. 
The examination must have been very 
careless or superficial, and was, prob¬ 
ably made only at the point of section 
where the horns were removed from the 
head. Such examination should have 
been made by one or more cross-sections 
of each horn, or preferably, by a longi¬ 
tudinal section of the horn. 
The section of a horn will show that 
it is composed of an outer, comparatively 
thin, horny crust (the horn proper) 
which covers a bony core, a projection 
which develops from the frontal bones. 
The horny case, which is an appendage 
of the skin, grows from the skin around 
the root of the horn. The hollow of' the 
horn is in the center of the bony core, 
and is a continuation of the frontal 
sinus or large cavity, in the forehead. 
From birth until the calf is three to 
six weeks of age, the future horn is re¬ 
presented by a cartilaginous horn-button 
which is freely movable with the skin. 
It is during this stage that the growth 
of the horn can be killed by removing 
t be horn-button with the knife or caustic. 
About the second or third month, a bony 
projection appears under the horn-but¬ 
ton, which increases with the growth of 
the horn, until at six to eight months, it 
has attained a length of about one inch, 
and the whole horn a length of 1% to 2 
inches. Even at this age, the union be¬ 
tween the horny case and bony core are 
not very firm, as the young horn is still 
slightly movable, giving one the false 
impression that the whole horn could be 
easily removed with the knife. 
In removing the horns from a seven- 
months-old calf, one usually exposes the 
cavity of the frontal sinus of the head, 
if the section is made close to the skull. 
The hole thus exposed in the head may 
be of considerable size as compared with 
the size of the horn ; but if the detached 
horn is examined, it will be found that, 
at the most, there is only a slight con¬ 
cavity in the cut end of the core. No 
cavity extends into the horn. If a section 
of the horn is made at any part of its 
length, it will be found to be solid. 
From seven months to two or three 
years of age, the cavity gradually ex¬ 
tends outward in about one-third the 
length of the horn, but the hollow is 
comparatively small A cross-section 
along the middle of the horn would be 
nearly or quite solid. From three to 
seven or eight years, the cavity will ex¬ 
tend into about two-thirds of the length 
of the horn. The cavity will be longer 
and the wall of the core thinner than in 
the tbree-year-old From eight to twelve 
years, the cavity will have extended so 
as to occupy fully three-fourths the 
length of the horn. 
Below are given actual measurements 
I made on the horns of six cattle dis¬ 
horned yesterday : Nos. 1-3, calves six to 
eight months old, horns one to two 
inches long, solid. No. 4, cow rising 
three years, extreme length of horn 
eight inches, cavity extended only 2% 
inches. No. 5, cow rising three years 
extreme length of horn 9% inches, cav¬ 
ity extended only three inches. No 6, 
cow rising eight years, extreme length 
of horn 9% inches, cavity extended 5% 
inches. There is considerable variation 
both in the extent and size of the hol¬ 
low in different animals, but the above 
may be taken as the general condition 
to be found in the healthy horn. 
A possible source of error in a super¬ 
ficial examination of horns as removed 
by dishorning, is the fact that the core 
is usually strengthened at its base by 
bony supports with more or less con¬ 
striction of the cavity, so that, at the 
section where the horn is removed, the 
cavity may appear to be very small. But 
if a longitudinal section of the detached 
horn is made, the actual hollow will be 
seen. In conclusion, I repeat that a con¬ 
siderable natural cavity or hollow exists 
in the horns of all cattle over two or 
three years of age, and that, as a general 
rule, the older the animal the greater 
the size and extent of the cavity ; that 
the presence of such cavity does not in¬ 
dicate a diseased condition ; on the con¬ 
trary, the absence of the hollow in the 
horn of an adult animal would indicate 
an abnormal growth or disease, f. l. k. 
THE LINCOLN SHEEP. 
I have been breeding Lincoln sheep 
since 1878. I know that the idea is pre¬ 
valent in parts where Lincoln sheep have 
not yet appeared, that they are best 
adapted to low lands : while they will 
do better on those lands than almost any 
other breed of sheep, still they will go 
to the hills when they have the chance. 
My lands are both hilly and flat, and I 
always find that my Lincolns do best on 
the hilly land. 
The Lincoln is a very large and heavy 
shearer of long lustrous wool, and a 
very easily-kept sheep. My entire flock 
of breeding ewes and yearlings last year 
averaged 163€ pounds of wool per fleece. 
They are, in my opinion, equally as 
heavy as Cotswolds, easier kept, and 
heavier shearers of a finer quality of 
wool. As sheep to cross on other breeds, 
such for instance, as Merinos, they have 
no superior. Everything in the way of 
Lincoln rams has been bought up for 
crossing purposes, by sheep breeders in 
the United States during the past Fall, 
so that, at this time, there is scarcely 
anything left except breeding ewes, 
stock rams and ewe lambs. Farmers 
need not fear to breed Lincoln sheep, 
and while they will do better than 
almost any other breed of sheep on low 
lands, still they will thrive and do better 
on high land. M. geary. 
London, Ontario. 
“ Jubk ” Poset, constable of the town of Clai¬ 
borne, Tenn., was recently sent to levy on some 
calves in a stable, but his mission was unsuccess¬ 
ful for the reasons set forth in the following 
memorandum which he jotted down on the levy 
before returning it to the court: “The above 
calves were seeable through the kraks, but not 
gitable, as the doar was locked.” 
Testing the Sheep.— My idea is to have my 
sheep numbered by means of metal ear tags, and 
by keeping a record book with corresponding 
numbers, I would be able to tell at any time all 
their points both commendable and otherwise— 
when the ewe’s lamb was dropped, how much 
wool she produced, how- old she is, etc. In short, 
I could weed them, as they do the cows by the 
Babcock test. I have not kept sheep long, and 
wish to improve my flock for business. This plan 
is only an idea of mine. Who has something 
better to offer ? R. e. p. 
Fleming, N. Y. 
For several years I have been afflicted with Asth¬ 
ma, and Jayne’s Expectorant is the only medicine 
that has ever given me any relief.—LUKE VAN a- 
MAN, Rockwell. Texas, November 4, 1895. 
If bilious take Jayne’s Painless Sanative Pills.— 
Adv. 
LIVE-STOCK FEEDERS 
should Bee that a guaranteed analysis 
accompanies every bag of 
Cotton-Seed Meal. 
It is the only safe way to avoid adulterated 
Meal. Every bag shipped by the American Cotton 
Oil Company contains a red tag guaranteeing 
not less than the following analysis: 
Ammonia. 8.50 per cent. 
Nitrogen. 7.00 “ 
Protein.43.00 “ 
Crude Fat and Oil. 9.00 “ 
See that the name of The American Cotton-Oil 
Company is on the red tag attached to bag. 
Send your address for free information about 
cotton-seed meal. 
THE AMERICAN COTTON OIL COMPANY, 
46 Cedar Street, New York City. 
Trade 
Mark 
XUMPJAWl 
Easily and thoroughly cured* < 
New, common-sense method, ( 
not expensive. No cure, no ( 
puy. FREE. A practical, ill-, 
ustrated treatise on the abso- 
lute cure of Lump Jaw, free to ' 
read ers of th i spaper. 
Fleming Bros., chemists, 
7 Union Stock Yards, Chicago, 111. 
Cows barren 3 years 
MADE TO BREED. 
Moore Brothers, Albany, N. Y. 
nrroi DCCO! DCCO! and how to MAKE MONEY 
DlLu! DllOI DlLO! with them as taught by 
GLEANINGS IN BEE CULTURE. Hi” a handsome illustrated mag¬ 
azine and we send free sample capy with Book on Bee Culture and 
Book on Bee Supplies to all who name this paper in writing. 
THE A. I. ROOT CO. - MEDINA OHIO. 
51 
MORE EGGS 
are laid by hens when kept free from 
vermin. LAMBERT’S DEATH TO 
LICE is the remedy. It costs but 10c. to 
try it. My 04-page Poultry Book free. 
I). J. LAMBERT, Box 307, Apponaug, R I 
WINTER EGGS 
are as easily obtained 
as summer eggs if the food 
Is turned into the proper chan- “ 
nel. That’s the secret of the 
great success of Lee’s Tonic 
Powder. Mrs. J. J Frank, of 
Cedaredge, Colo., says: “I can¬ 
not praise it enough for what 
It has done for my poultry. No 
more sick chickens and the egg 
basket well filled every day.” 
We send a 25c. box of Tonic and 
a30c. can of Lee’s Lice Killer, 
which kills all body lice, mites, 
etc., on poultry by simply paint¬ 
ing on roosts, as samples for 30 cts. 
Our 68-page book on “Insects” 
and “Poultry” free. 
Address nearest office. 
GEO. H. LEE CO., 1110 Farnam St., OMAHA, NEB. 
178 Michigan St.. CHICAGO. 68 Murray St.. NEW YORK. 
THE CROWN IfaJMSs 
bones. For the poultryman. Best in the world. 
Lowest in price. Send for circular and testi¬ 
monials. Wilson Bros., EASTON, I’A. 
The Model Mil 
A hand mill for grinding grain, 
ary bones, shells, Ac., for feeding 
chickens, Ac. 'Three sizes, weight 
20. 34 and 62 lbs. The most rapid 
grinding, most durable and 
cheapest mill made. If your 
dealer doesn’t keep it, address 
THEC.S. BELLCO., 
Hillsboro. Ohio. H. S. A. 
WE DON’T WANT YOUR MONEY 
unless after 30 days trial you want our in¬ 
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eggs. 10,000 sold annually. Our compart* 
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must be seen to be appreciated. 50 egg 
jsize $5.00. Send 4c. for No. 23 Catalogue. 
Self* regulating. BUCKEYE INCUBATOR CO.,Springfield,0. 
THE IHPROYSD 
VICTOR Incubator 
Hatches Chickens by Steam. Absolutely 
•elf-regulating. The aimplest, most 
reliable, and cheapest first-class Hatchtr 
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GEO. ERTEZ. CO., QUINCY, ILK. 
HATCH CHICKENS 
BY STEAM-withth. 
simple, perfect, self-regulating 
EXCELSIOR i ncubat or 
Thousands in successful operation. 
Lowest priced lst-class hatcher made. 
GEO. II. STAHL, 
114tc 122 S. 6th St., Quincy, Hi. 
TO START 
In the POULTRY BUSINESS andhow 
to make it a complete success is the theme of 
I our POULTRY G UIDE. Tells all about poul- 
| try houses, how to build, cost, &c., and how to 
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IlSSS CYPHERS INCUBATOR 
which is delivered freight paid to every purchaser. 
This machine requires absolutely no artifical moisture. Send 10 
rents and get the book. Circulars FREE. 4 
TIE CYPHERS INCUBATOR CO. Box 101, WAYLAND, N.Y. 
GUERNSEYS. 
225 purebred Guernseys of the best American 
and Island breeding. Butter average, whole 
herd, 318 pounds per head. No catalogue. Come 
and make your own selection. 
ELLERSLIE STOCK FARM, 
RHINECLIFF, N. Y. 
BUY A BULL 
Jerseys, Ida’s Stoke Pogis 
fair prices. 
R. F. SHANNON, 907 Liberty St., Pittsburg, Pa 
rilCDIICCVC^S cows; 1 heifer, now dne; 4 
UUEllIIwC I W heifer calves, from 4 to 8 mos.; 
I bull 5 weeks, and 1 bull 12 mos., and 1 bull 10 mos 
A. J. SNYDER, Plumsteadville. Pa. 
Imported Guernsey Bull Durrell, born November 
29,1894. Orange fawn, with a little white—a rich yel 
low skin—marks his offspring decidedly. 
THOMAS CRANK, 8omers, Westchester Co., N. Y. 
C HENANGO VALLEY STOCK FARMS, Greene, N 
Y.—Dutch Belted and Jersey Cattle; Dorset and 
Rambouillet Sheep; Poland-China, Jersey Red and 
8uffolk Pigs; White and Bronze Turkeys. Peafowls, 
and Blooded Chickens. J.D. VAN VALKKNBURGH. 
—I have four fine 
calves registered 
or Exile breeding at 
BLOODED LIVE STOCK 
Sheep —O x fords, Shropsh ires, South- 
downs. Fancy Poultry. Plg»— 
Berkshires, Poland-Chinas, Chester 
Whites, Yorkshires. Catalogue free. 
H. L. HOLMES, Harrisburg, Pa. 
[Reg. P. Chinas, Berkshires 
[and Chester Whites. Choice 
J large strains. 8 week Pigs not 
fakin; Service Boars and Bred 
Sows. Poultry. Write for hard 
times prices and free circular. 
Hamilton & Co., Cochranville, Chester Co., Pa. 
Large Improved 
White Yorkshire 
Hogs. Fine Boars, 
Breeding Sows and 
Pigs for Sale. Lead¬ 
ing M arket and 
Grass-Eating Hog. 
All stock Register¬ 
ed and Imported. 
A. Vrooman, B.153, 
Carthage, N. Y. 
PURE POLAND-CHINAS 
from our herd grow 
fat and mature 
quicker than others; low priced enough to be in reach 
of all. F. H. GATES & SONS, Chittenango. N. Y. 
IMPROVED CHESTER WHITES 
>f the best breeding and all ages for sale at reason¬ 
able prices. Pamphlets and prices free. 
CHA8. K. RECORD, Peterboro, N. Y. 
Phoohirn Pigs. Quality right; prices right. All stock 
villGOllllG registered. Silas Dean. Oak Hill, N. Y. 
WHITE WYANDOTTES 
stock. Pairs, trios, etc. Cockerels, il.50ea Write for 
what you want. Ralph Woodward, New Rochelle,N.Y. 
BBiBlZQX’S POULTRY CATALOGUE 
rprpy Il’.akeauty; ovar&0Ml*r*4yUtM. Illo- 
I n CLj (rate* and describe* fine Turkeys, dew, 
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Buyer's Gnlde published. Incloee 10c. for postage, etc. 
J. R. Brabazon, Jr. & Co., Box 57, Deiavan, Wla. 
GREBDER’S FINE CATALOGUE 
I of prize winning poultry lor 1899. The finest poultry book out. A 
" perfect guide to poultry raUcrs. Calendar for ’09 on cover. Gives 
.price of eggs and stock from the very best strains. It shows the 
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Everybody wants this poultry book. Send Six cents in stamps. 
B. H. GKEIDEK, FLORIN. FA. 
POULTRY 
♦ We keep everything in the POULTRY LINE, 
♦ Fencing, Feed, Incubators, Live Stock, Brooders ' 
♦ —anything—it’s our business. Call or let us ' 
♦ send you our illustrated catalogue—it’s free for < 
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and send them our Incubator on 
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I that nobody can fall with It. A child 
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treatise on Incubation published, sent for 5 cts. Plans for 
Brooders, Poultry Houses, etc., sent upon receipt of 2£> cts. 
VonCulin Incubator Co. 60 Adams St. Delaware City, Del. 
INCUBATOR QUALITY. 
When it comes to quality in an i». 
cubator, which embraces construe, 
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nothing that will equal 
The Prairie State. 
Two hundred first premiums in all 
kinds of competions with all kinds 
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PRAIRIE STATE INCUBATOR C O., HOMER CITY, PA. 
SUCCESSFUL INCUBATORSr 
Hot Air or Hot Water 
A standard machine for hatch 
ing strong, healthy chicks—self 
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trays, drying room under trays, 
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’few of its good points. Our 148 p 
catalogue gives prices and descrip- 
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buildings, etc., mailed for fie stamps. Write for it now. 
DES MOINES INCUBATOR CO., Box 90, Des Moines, Iowa. 
SElipSUCCESS OR FAILURE 
WUW oftendupends upon the start. II you start right you have a better chance ot success, i o start 
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HURRY-UP BROILERS- 1 
the kind that grow rapidly and mature early are the ones which "top the market.” 1 h^nuking of such birds 
depends upon the feed,likewise the digestion. Feed Green Out Bone, the great flesh form¬ 
ing food for growth and M mm’s Granite Crystal Grit for the digestion and the problem is solved. 
MANN’S NEW BONE CUTTERS“l>entftll”formakingpoul- 
try food out of bone. Meat and gristle can’t stop or choke them. They cut fa&t, Guo r,,n 
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for Fit EE illustrated catalogue. Fo W • MANN COay BOX 1 5» Mllfordf MaS8« 
