1899 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER. 
THE PRACTICAL COW 
AND TUB SCALE OF POINTS 
Points and Performance. — Many 
dairymen think that, if a cow is a won¬ 
derful producer of milk or butter, she 
should, for that reason, be a show cow. 
Others think that, if they select their 
cows for their points, and breed to ac¬ 
cord with the standard scale of points 
of their cattle association, they will 
eventually lose all practical utility, and 
their barnyard will be filled with lawn 
ornaments. 
Let us take up a standard scale of 
points and see what it is. I think that 
the standard of the American Jersey 
Cattle Club is the most practical, and we 
can use that. I am more familiar with 
it, and have been able to judge of its 
worth in our herd of over 325 Jerseys. 
I should say that the scale of points 
represents the ideal cow. She is the 
type that represents the breed. With 
much beauty, she should have great 
utility, and the more useful she is, the 
always borne in mind—no rule is with¬ 
out exceptions. It may often happen 
that a poor performing cow will take 
precedence over a better in the shew 
ring, but the established rule wins in 
the end. 
I think that, outside of the A. J. C. C., 
the other cattle clubs lay too much stress 
on the non-essentials and too little on 
the practical points, and for a breeder 
unattached to any standard, I would re¬ 
commend him to the standard of the 
A. J. C. C. as being the best exponent in 
figures of the good points of a practical 
dairy cow. ASA B. GARDINER .jr. 
Glencoe, Md._ 
A FAMOUS OHIO COW. 
WITH MORE PERFORMANCE THAN PEDIGREE. 
“ Not Eligible to Registry.” 
Bovine Fame —Fame may as justly 
belong to one of the bovine race as to 
one of the human race. An individual 
cow may so far surpass the most of her 
fellow kind in all those qualities that we 
The last two days of the test were very 
unfavorable for cream raising, and 
caused a deficiency of about 10 ounces of 
butter from what it had been. She is 
easily a three-pound-of-butter-a-day cow. 
Her Feed at the time of the test, and 
which was continued afterwards for a 
milk record, was one quart of corn meal, 
four quarts of seconds, and a small hand¬ 
ful of oil meal, all mixed together and fed 
twice a day. She had no coarse feed, but 
was staked out to grass in good feed. 
“ I kept the record of her milk,” said 
Mr. Robens, “ the same year I made the 
butter test, and in 365 days, she gave a 
trifle more than 13,000 pounds of milk, 
an average of over 36 pounds a day.” 
More recently, she came fresh in Feb¬ 
ruary, and in the following April, she 
averaged 51% pounds of milk per day. 
In May, she gave her greatest amount 
of milk in one day, which was 58% 
pounds. Her morning’s mess weighed 
32 pounds, and the evening’s mess, milked 
at 6 o’clock, weighed 26% pounds. Her 
milk was tested at this time with a Bab¬ 
cock tester, and showed five per cent of 
butter fat. It will be readily noticed 
that this cow was not forced, by high 
and excessive feeding, for a phenomenal 
record. She has done what she has done 
with only the same ordinary care and 
A REMARKABLE FAMILY COW. A LITTLE OFF IN PEDIGREE Fig. 22. 
more likely she will be to take the first 
place in competition. 
Essential Points —The A. J. C. C. 
standard has 100 for a maximum. Of 
these, the useful points are worth 59 and 
the non-essential 41. A heavy milker 
has a full fore udder valued at 13 points, 
a hind udder well up behind worth 11, 
large, well-placed teats at 10 (a total of 
one-third of the standard for the busi¬ 
ness end). Milk veins 5, barrel 10, and 
hips 10. No cow that is a first-class per¬ 
former can be greatly lacking in these 
valuable characteristics. A cow, how¬ 
ever, should be attractive ; her beauty is 
of great value to her owner as well as a 
pleasure. Her skin, color of hide, dis¬ 
position, eyes, neck, head, loins, tail, 
legs and general appearance and consti¬ 
tution are scored, when perfect, for 41 
points. 
The Practical Value. —There is noth¬ 
ing in the scale to prevent a big producer 
or thoroughly practical cow from com¬ 
peting. It is my experience that, under 
the scale of the A. J. C. C., none but good 
practical cows can take a high standing. 
The true type of Jersey is not only the 
most practical, but the most profitable, 
and the dairyman that breeds close to 
the standard will, in the end, have a 
herd not only of animals that will at¬ 
tract the buyer by their looks, but with 
proper management add yearly to his 
bank account. There is one thing to be 
so much value in a cow, and rise so con¬ 
spicuously superior to them all, as to be 
rightfully entitled to fame. Such a cow 
is shown in Fig. 22. Bella is, indeed, a 
remarkable cow, and has in more than a 
mere local way become somewhat fam¬ 
ous. She is a Jersey, fifteen-sixteenths 
purebred, and is owned by Mr. E. T. 
Robem, of Chagrin Falls, O. She was 
raised by a breeder of Jerseys at Burton 
O., who sold her when young because 
she was not eligible to registry. 
Her performance as a milker and but- 
termaker during the first and second 
year of milking, was such as to excite 
the admiration of all who saw what she 
could do, and gave excellent promise of 
what might be expected when she reach¬ 
ed her full maturity. She has in no way 
disappointed these expectations. 
No Pet. —Let no one think that Bella 
is the pampered and polished pet of some 
wealthy owner, for such is not the case. 
She is made “ to render an account for 
her keeping,” which she does by yielding 
a large supply of milk, and she certainly 
“ bringeth forth butter in a lordly dish.” 
Her Record. —Her butter record is as 
follows : In the Fall of 1895, the third 
week after coming fresh, she gave 298% 
pounds of milk in seven days, an average 
of over 42 pounds daily. The milk was 
set in 12-quart pans, and placed on the 
pantry shelves. From this milk, were 
made 20 pounds 13 ounces of fine butter. 
attention that are given to the common 
run of cows. 
Expert Opinion. —Mr. Baily, the sec¬ 
retary of the Ohio Jersey Breeders’ As¬ 
sociation, came to see her recently, and 
gave her a thorough looking over. He 
pronounced her an almost perfect cow. 
“ If that cow were a registered Jersey,” 
he said to Mr. Robens, “ there are plenty 
of men who would be glad to pay you 
$1,000 for her.” That is the opinion of 
an expert Jersey breeder. 
But that If suggests something. Why 
will not Bella bring that price without 
being elujible ? What magic is there in 
eligibility f It will certainly add nothing 
to her producing qualities, either for 
butter or milk. 
It seems to me that the question of 
her true value does not lie in the fact 
that her name and date of birth, to¬ 
gether with the names of sires and 
dams for several generations, should be 
inscribed in the proper herd book, but 
in her ability to give a large quantity of 
milk, from which a large quantity of 
good butter can be made. Where lies 
the truth in the matter ? 
Her Points. —But look at her picture. 
There you see lines of beauty, nearly all 
of the points of a good milker, and most 
of them emphasized. Notice the depth 
from back to udder, the prominence of 
the milk veins, the shapely udder bulg¬ 
ing out behind and reaching well for¬ 
6l 
ward, the well-marked chine, the fine- 
molded brisket, the thin wavy dewlap, 
the extra-long tail with handsomebrush, 
the fine silken coat of solid color, and 
withal, the look of gentleness and docil¬ 
ity that is so noticeably apparent, and 
you have a combination of excellencies 
that are rarely found together in one 
cow. 
Bella is what might be termed a con¬ 
tinuous milker, giving milk freely from 
one time of calving to another. “ When 
I want to dry her off”, said Mr. Robens, 
“ I have to go about it with thorough¬ 
ness. For the first two or three years, I 
milked her continuously, but I now give 
her one month’s rest before coming 
afresh.” a. r Phillips. 
Ohio. 
STATION HELPS. 
Computing Rations for Farm Animals —The 
Cornell Experiment Station (Ithaca, N. Y ) in 
Bulletin 151, gives a large number of tables show¬ 
ing the digestible nutrients in stated amounts of 
the more common feeding stuffs, and their nutri¬ 
tive ratio. Efforts have been made to simplify 
these so as to bring them within the range of 
every feeder, and materially to reduce the labor 
of formulating rations. The various substances 
found in animal bodies are defined and explained. 
Several practical examples of the use of these 
tables are given, so that any one can make up a 
balanced ration by their use. 
Sheep Scab.—The Bureau of Animal Industry, 
United States Department of Agriculture, has 
issued Bulletin 21, on this subject, its nature and 
treatment. It is profusely illustrated. It de¬ 
scribes the disease and its cause, gives the losses 
resulting to the industry, both as affecting the 
domestic side and the export trade, and gives 
complete directions for treatment. Sheep scab 
is a strictly contagious disease. There are several 
forms of scab, all caused by different species of 
mites. The sheep must be kept under hygienic 
conditions, but the only rational treatment for 
the trouble is in using some external applications 
which will kill the parasites. There are numer¬ 
ous ways of making these applications, which 
are described. The best method is by dipping 
the sheep, and various methods of doing this, 
both for small and large docks, are minutely de¬ 
scribed and illustrated. A summary of the laws 
on this subject is also given. 
Feeds Rich in Protein.—The New Jersey Ex¬ 
periment Station (New Brunswick) in Bulletin 
131, tells of the advantages of purchasing feeds 
of a guaranteed composition. Feeds rich in pro¬ 
tein should be added to the home-grown products, 
if they are to be utilized to the best advantage, 
since, under average conditions, the crops grown, 
both of grain and straw, contain so great an 
excess of the carbohvdrates or starchy sub¬ 
stances as to make their exclusive use wasteful. 
Feeds best for this purpose are cotton-seed meal, 
linseed meal, dried brewers’ grains, the gluten 
meals and feeds, and the various kinds of bran 
or middlings; these are much richer in protein 
than the original grains. It is important, too, 
that the per cent of protein should be toler¬ 
ably uniform, as otherwise, the ration cannot be 
balanced properly. An analysis and inspection 
of a large number of the gluten feeds, and linseed 
and cotton-seed meals, were made last year, and 
the results are published in this bulletin. 
Prop. W. A. Henry, of the Wisconsin Experi¬ 
ment Station, after testing for three years the 
value of shelled corn and corn meal for fattening 
swine, concludes that the pigs getting corn meal 
made the more rapid daily gain. The corn meal 
effected a saving of eight per cent over whole 
corn, and the pigs receiving the meal gained 
faster. Practical feeders will think that this is 
a small saving in the amount of corn through 
grinding; it is hardly enough to pay for the cost 
of grinding the grain. 
Breeders’ Directory. 
This column Is reserved for small cards of live 
stock, Including poultry, breeders. No cuts. Rates 
on application. 
ftllEnUCEVC cows; 1 heifer, now due; 4 
UUbllllOC I O heifer calves, from 4 to 8 mos.; 
l bull 5 weeks, and 1 bull 12 mos., and 1 bull 10 mos 
A. J. SNYDER, Plumsteadville, Pa. 
Another Good Offer PK 
March, at $15. J ust the kind you are looking for. Also 
Fall Pigs. F. II. Gates & Sons, Chittenaugo, N. Y. 
IMPROVED CHESTER WHITES 
of the best breeding and all ages for sale at reason 
able prices. Pamphlets and prices free. 
CHA8. K. RECORD, Peterboro, N. Y 
GRADE HOLSTEIN SPRINGERS. 
I nave for sale HO head of very tine three-year old 
Grade Holstein and other grade Springers. Some due 
soon. Address A. C WEBBER, Baldwinsville, N. Y. 
BERKSHIRE P/CS, 
Both sexes $5 each. 
J. C. DUNCAN, Lewiston, N. Y 
Scotch Collies and Berkshire Pigs. 
Circulars free. SILAS DECKER, So. Montrose, Pa 
