1899 
THE RURAL1NEW-YORKER. 
Farmers’ Club. 
[Every query must be accompanied by the 
name and address of the writer to insure atten¬ 
tion. Before asking a question, please see 
whether it is not answered in our advertising 
columns. Ask only a few questions at one time. 
Put questions on a separate piece of paper.] 
DISK OR CUTAWAY HARROW? 
One of our readers in New York State wishes 
to know whether, for general farm purposes, 
the plain disk harrow is better than the Cuta¬ 
way. His soil varies from loam to gravel, with 
few stones. Spring-tooth and smoothing har¬ 
rows do well for pulverizing purposes, but he 
wishes a harrow to chop and tear up Quack 
grass, and generally open and shake up the soil. 
In your experience, which has proved the better 
harrow for such purposes, the plain disk or the 
Cutaway ? If you could have but one, which 
would you prefer ? 
I have never used the Cutaway, but I 
know the plain disk is good. It stands 
to reason that the Cutaway or a spading 
harrow is much better than a plain 
difck. A plain disk harrow cannot do as 
good work as a Cutaway. If I could get 
rid of my plain disk, I would have a Cut¬ 
away instanter. clark allis. 
Western N. Y. 
The Cutaway harrow is usually more 
satisfactory than the plain disk and, 
without doubt, would tear up Quack 
grass and “ generally open and shake up 
the soil ” better than any other harrow ; 
hut I do not believe that Quack grass 
can be easily subdued by harrowing it. 
Possibly, if the Cutaway is used early 
enough and often enough, it may pre¬ 
vent the Quack grass from ■* breathing,” 
but it will require careful observation of 
conditions, and intelligent and frequent 
use of the harrow, if the object desired 
is secured. I. p. Roberts. 
New York. 
In choosing a harrow, several years 
ago, for the purpose of cutting up and 
working deeply turf on tough pieces of 
ground, I bought a Cutaway, and se¬ 
cured a harrow that will accomplish the 
work desired. It is but fair to say that 
I have never used a wheel harrow except 
a Cutaway. When necessary to work 
very deeply, weight the harrow, and 
put on plenty of team. It will go 
through anything that a harrow ought 
to touch. I have fitted Fall-plowed turf 
land thoroughly for planting with no 
extra plowing, and it was quickly done, 
as above. In our orchard tillage, where 
we have more or less stones, spring- 
tooth harrows are our dependence. On 
land tolerably free from stones, a Cut¬ 
away harrow for deep working, and an 
Acme for lighter tillage, make an outfit 
hard to beat, for good results. 
Connecticut. j. norris barnes. 
Kieffer Pears on Apple. 
J. IV ../., Allen , Md. —Will the Kieffer pear suc¬ 
ceed top-worked on six-year-old apple trees ? 
Ans. —No, the Kieffer or any other 
pear will not do well grafted on apple 
trees of any age, or on apple roots. They 
will grow together at the start, and 
sometimes bear fruit; but the union is 
always poor, and in course of time, the 
grafts will break off or fail to flourish. 
H. E. y. D. 
What Chemicals With Manure ? 
L. 8., Victoria , B. C .—I have plenty of good 
barnyard manure. What quantity of fertilizer 
would I have to purchase, and when should I 
apply it for an acre of ground for potatoes ? 
Ans —A ton of average barnyard ma¬ 
nure contains 10 pounds of nitrogen, 
about 13 of potash and six of phosphoric 
acid, although of course, this proportion 
varies considerably. Many experiments 
with potatoes have shown that this crop 
requires large supplies of available potash 
and phosphoric acid. On soils where these 
substances are not available, stable ma¬ 
nure would not produce a good crop, for 
the reason that the proportion of nitro¬ 
gen is too large. If to every ton of stable 
manure, you could add 15 to 18 pounds 
of actual potash and 20 pounds of phos¬ 
phoric acid, you would have a much im¬ 
proved mixture for potatoes. With us, 
30 to 35 pounds of muriate of potash and 
60 to 75 pounds of dissolved phosphate 
rock, added to each ton of manure, would 
be a profitable investment in potato 
growing. We would mix them with the 
manure, although it would be equally 
effective to broadcast the chemicals after 
plowing in the manure, and harrow them 
well in—using 800 pounds or more of the 
mixture. 
Fertilizing Problems in Indiana. 
W. M. S., Royerton, Ind .—I have control of a 
piece of bottom ground that has grown corn for 
10 or more years continuously with fair results 
up to the last year, when it did not produce more 
than a half crop. I am compelled to grow corn on 
a portion of it again fn order to start a rotation 
What shall I apply as a fertilizer to produce 
full crop of corn at a paying price ? The soil is 
a black mold underlaid with clay subsoil, is well 
drained, and seems to be well filled with humus 
All stalks have been cut and turned under, and 
will be again. 
Ans. —In experiments with fertilizers 
on black soil and corn, conducted by the 
Indiana Experiment Station, the best re 
suits were obtained from the use o:: 
kainit. The yield of both fodder anc 
ears was heaviest where this was used. 
If one does not wish to go to the expense 
of purchasing kainit, then wood ashes 
would, in a measure, supply a part of the 
potash which is a strong feature of the 
kainit. I would recommend that, for 
this kind of treatment, at least 250 
pounds of kainit should be used per acre. 
Ordinary kainit contains about 13 per 
cent of potash, and unleached wood 
ashes contain five per cent of potash, 
would use, at least, 500 pounds of ashes 
per acre, if the land is in the condition 
that the writer states. 
It seems to me that, if a rotation is 
desired, nothing better can be done than 
to make a permanent rotation of corn, 
oats, wheat and clover, in the order 
given. If, however, this black soil is 
affected badly in the Winter by freezing 
and thawing, then it would not be de¬ 
sirable to put in a Winter crop. Cow 
peas, however, could be planted on the 
land one year, and plowed under, and in 
that way, considerable nitrogen return¬ 
ed to the soil. It will be an interesting 
field for experiment to divide the field 
into several equal areas, and use wood 
ashes on one lot, kainit on another, and 
acid phosphate, for example, on another 
piece. But if the land is affected by 
freezing and thawing in Winter, the 
most economical crop for the ground, in¬ 
volving the greatest amount of plant 
food returned to the soil, would be in 
the rotation I recommend. For years at 
the Indiana Experiment Station, we have 
conducted a variety of rotations ; but a 
rotation of corn, with the stubble thor¬ 
oughly harrowed the next Spring and 
then sown to oats, the oat stubble 
plowed in the Fall and sown to wheat, 
and the young wheat ground the follow- 
ing Spring sown to clover, which crop 
has remained on the land for two years 
after, has given us most satisfaction. 
_ c. s. PLUMB. 
I havo used Jayne’s Expectorant or twenty years, 
and am sure that it savud my life in one or 
two INSTANCES. G W. LORI), Silver Lake, Maine, 
October 10,1895. 
Easy to take and effectual, Jayne’s Painless Sana¬ 
tive Pills.— Adv. 
H 
eadquarters for Pedigree 2nd crop Seed Potatoes 
acknowledged by potato growers of the U. 8. and 
Ag. Ex. Sfca. to be the best seed potatoes thrown 
Cat. free. J. W. HALL, Marlon Station, Md. 
Cwaa QooHe~ &end us 10 or m0re names of 
■ ICC wCCUa plant and seed buyers, and we 
will mail you a free package of the earliest tomato 
seeds that grow. L. J. FARMER, Pulaski. N. Y. 
Dntsfnflfi Early Ohio, Rose, Hebron, Market, 
■ (JldlUCw Bovee, Irish Cobbler, Good News 
Quaker City, Six Weeks, Carman. 85 kinds, for seed 
C. W. FORD & CO.. Fishers, Out. Co., N. Y. 
LEGGETT’S 188? 
THE 
WHALE-OIL SOAP 
For Washing and Spraying Trees. De¬ 
stroys all insect life on bark, San Jos6 
Scaleand the like. Our Brand indorsed 
by authorities. Obtainable of dealers 
or write. 
LKGGKTT & UROTUEK, 
301 Pearl Street, New York. 
Here is the Record 
0F ECLIPSE 
Spray Pump 
1892 to 1899—We have 
won first place at nearly 
every Gov’t Experiment Station 
in United States. 
1890—Won Canadian Gov’t con¬ 
test. 1898—Won gold medal at co¬ 
lonial contest. Cape Town, Soutn 
Africa; also State fruit growers’ 
contest of Colorado and Califor¬ 
nia. We have beaten every good 
pump in the world, and have never 
been beaten. This proves our 
claim that the Eclipse is the best and cheapest 
pump in the world. Send for Catalogue. 
MORRILL & MORLEY, Benton Harbor , Mich. 
i3 / 
POTATOES * Lb? 
LnrKo.t Seed POTATO grower* In America. j 
Tho "Unrnl New-Yorker" give* Salzer'* Kurlieat 1 
a yield of-Kit bu*. per acre—rlpoln 88 day*. See I 
Cntnli.guc for price*. Onr great Seed Book, 1«| 
Farm Seed Sampler,, wort li # I O to get a .tart, for i 
10c. post age. JOHN A. SALZIIR BBED CO. .LmCroRse, >VU. 
Bv w w v w yww ¥W) 
BEST SEEDS ON EARTH ! 1 
DIRECT FROM QRCiWER TO PLANTER. 
From Saginaw Valley Seed Gardens. 
Michigan Northern Grown Seed Potatoes, 
Vegetable, Flower and Field Seeds. Every- I 
thing in Seeds at lowest prices 
To Introduce my superior Northern 
Grown Seeds everywhere, I will give away, 
Absolutely Free as Premiums 
1 ,000,000 Packets of 
Vegetable and Flower Seeds i 
Send your name and address to-day for my 
SEED BOOK which tells how to get Tills 
BEST SEEDS FREE. Seeda that will grow. 
HARRY N. HAMMOND, 
Seedsman, 
Box 12. Flfield, Mich. 
FORMERLY, DECATUR. 'fid 
Vegetable Plants. 
Make money by raising early vegetables. Our 
plants are guaranteed to be of good size, and to be 
grown from extra selected seeds. The largest estab¬ 
lishment in the United States devoted exclusively 
to the raising of vegetable plants. The prices quoted 
below are for transplanted, well-hardened plants. 
_ ,. , Ber 100. Per M. 
Cabbage plants ready March 15.$0.40 $;i 00 
Tomato plants ready May t.to a.oo 
Celery plants ready March 15.10 3 00 
Pepper plants ready May 1.40 3.00 
Eggplant plants ready May 1.50 4 00 
We raise all of the leading varieties. Stamp for 
catalogue. Cash must accompany all orders. 
J. K. HUTTON, Conyngham, Fa. 
15 Choice Vegetables for IO Cents. 
One pkg. beets—Lentz Karly Blood; 1 cabbage— 
Lupton; 1 cabbage—True Danish Winter; 1 cucum¬ 
ber—Arlington White Spine; 1 celery — Kvans’ 
Triumph; 1 carrot—new Carentan; 1 lettuce—Grand 
Rapids; 1 lettuce—Denver Market; 1 pepper—Ruby 
King; 1 melon—Rocky Ford; 1 onion—Michigan Yel¬ 
low Globe; 1 onion—Early Barletta Pickling; 1 
radish—True Rosy Gem; 1 tomato—Bond’s Early 
Minnesota; 1 tomato—New Stone. For lo of your 
neighbors’ names that use seeds, and lo 
cents in stamps, we will mail you free the 
above 15 packages of choice vegetable seeds 
with our annual catalogue. 
SIEGEL, The Seedsman, ERIE, PA. 
Beardless Barley. 
Quick grower; stiff straw. Yields for me from 40 
to 50 bushels per acre. Price. $1 per bushel 48 pounds; 
10 bushels, 90 cents. Bags free. Remit bv money 
order, express order or New York draft. Reference- 
State Bank of Fillmore. 
G. K. MINA1LD, Fillmore, N. Y. 
SOUTHPORT GLOBE ONION SEED. 
Meeker’s Smoothing Harrows, Onion Seed Drills and 
Hand-Wheel Hoes. C. O. Jelliff & Co., Southport, Ct. 
SEED POTATOES. 
Sir Walter Raleigh and Carman No. 3 High grade 
stock. Per 4-bu. barrel, $3. Bu , 85c., f. o. b. 10 years 
a grower. A. B. HORST, Dalton, Wayne Co., Ohio. 
Pfttutop’s— Sir Walter Raleigh, Ohio. Bovee and Car- 
a viuivmo mans, Great Northern and Early Siberian 
Seed Oats; Success Barley. Prices low. Write 
L. NORMAN NELSON, Lancy, Wis. 
A Good Planter 
should plant all kinds of field seeds, 
Field, Mnsilngc nnd Sweet Corn, Penn, Beans. 
Sima r Beets, Stock Beets, etc. 
or the operator. It should at tho same time drop or 
drill all kinds of commercial fertilizers, wet, dry 
or lumpy, pulverized hen manure mid other 
home jniide fertilizers, evenly In any quantity 
— per acre. 
EASILY 
ADJUSTED. 
EASY TO 
HANDLE. 
Weighs 150 lbs 
THE ECLIPSE 
CORN PLANTER AND 
FERTILIZER DISTRIBUTER 
does all this in the most perfect manner. Drops 
seed from (j to 45 Inches apart. Will distribute from 
i i? a 3 * fertilizer per acre. They are strong- 
ly built of good material and will last Indefinitely. 
’» Write for free catalogue, circulars, &c. 
THE BELCHER & TAYLOR A. T. CO., 
Box 75 , Chicopee Falls, Mass. 
Early Vegetables 
need a quick and powerful stimu¬ 
lant—something to force growth to 
the limit. The money is in earliness. 
Nitrate of Sofia 
fits the case exactly. Apply in small 
quantities during the early growing 
period of the plants. 
It adds color, flavor , crispness and ten¬ 
derness to all vegetables. Would you know 
more about it, send for free book “Food 
for Plants” to John A Myers, 12 O John 
Street, New York. Nitrate for sale by 
BALFOUR, WILLIAMSON & CO. 
27, William St., New York. 
E very successful 
farmer who raises fruits, 
vegetables, berries or 
grain, knows by experience 
the importance of having a 
large percentage of 
Potash 
in his fertilizers. If the fer¬ 
tilizer is too low in Potash the 
harvest is sure to be small, and 
of inferior quality. 
Our books tell about the proper fertilizers 
for all crops, and we will gladly send them 
free to any farmer, 
GERHAN KALI WORKS, 
Nassau St., New York. 
DIRECT SUES TO FARMERS .ESVSS 1 ,::,, 
Our Entire Production goes Direct from Factory to Farm. 
Analysis. PhosAcid. Ammonia. Actual Potash 
2 £1 t nre* 
» ;; i “ r- UTo “ 
23<£lSfdBo«e, Meat“‘° 10 " 1 2 * ,l.oS » 
wSle°°o a r Smplo P .°n t | took! -. WALKErTstRATMAM & C0.. Her?. Island. P?ttSbur 3 , 2a. 
JADOO FIBRE™ 
JADOO LIQUID 
ARE INVALUABLE TO THE GROWERS OF 
Vegetables, Fruit, Plants or Flowers 
SEND FO R CATALOGUE AND ER1CES. 
For Sale by all prominent Seedsmen, and by 
THE AMERICAN JADOO COMPANY, 
815 Fairmouiit Avenue, Philadelphia, Pa. 
