1899 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER. 
161 
Live Stock and Dairy 
SHEEP AND CATTLE TOGETHER. 
MUTTON TALLOW AND BUTTER FAT. 
Why Not in Same Pasture? 
Is there any objection to the plan of keeping 
a small flock of sheep on the average dairy farm? 
Will it do to let the sheep pasture with the cows ? 
What, if any, injury will result from this ? 
Bad for the Cows. 
Cows Dislike Sheep. —For 13 years, we 
pastured sheep and cows together, a 
greater portion of the time on Blue grass 
permanent sod. Sheep were then the im¬ 
portant feature of our farming, and the 
cows were allowed to run in the same in¬ 
closure with the sheep, as we did not, or 
do we yet, consider that the few cows 
kept then, in the least interfered with 
the best interests of the sheep. On the 
other hand, though, we always thought 
that the cows suffered materially from 
the ranging of the sheep over the fields. 
Seven years ago, we sold our entire flock 
of sheep, and invested in more cows, and 
we soon found that the absence of sheep 
on the pasture favored the cows. Cows 
do not like the sheepy odor that a flock 
always leaves in its wake, especially 
when the grass is wet, and will not eat 
in their trail. Milch cows cannot do their 
best under such conditions. Farmers 
who are so greedy for every blade of 
grass that will grow in a field, as to put 
sheep on to consume what the cows can¬ 
not get hold of, are surely opening up 
an avenue to impoverish their farms. 
Better Separate Them. —Rather than 
to impoverish the land, I would practice, 
to an extent, soiling, that is, grow for¬ 
age crops to supplement the pastures if 
sh’eep are to run with the cows We 
have run some sheep with young cattle, 
and do not think the sheep interfered so 
much with them as with milch cows. It 
seems that too many farmers want to 
mix up everything on the farm and go 
two ways at once, and want an acre to 
grow beef, butter, sheep, and become 
fertile all at the same time. Those who 
purpose to go into sheep raising alopg 
with their dairying would much better 
arrange to divide their pastures and run 
the cows and sheep separately, but likely 
alternate, so that the sheep can clean up 
HORNED DORSET RAM. Fig. 54. 
the trash and fence rows. I am quite 
sure that the cows will do one-fourth 
better under such conditions, and by the 
use of cultivated forage, the range of 
the cows can be shortened and that of 
the sheep enlarged, with better results 
at the end of each year, for both the 
farm and the farmer. geo. e. scott. 
Ohio. 
Favors a Small Flock. 
Sheep as Scavengers. —A limited 
number of sheep should be kept on every 
arable farm in the United States, pro¬ 
viding more or less of the land is in¬ 
closed with some kind of fencing. I am 
satisfied that from 10 to 20 can be kept 
on every 100 acres of land without any 
cost to the owner for food except in the 
Winter. They will sustain themselves 
very largely, at least, on what would 
otherwise be lost. They can be utilized 
in trimming up all by-places on the farm. 
They may be made to do the work of 
scavengers. There are those who ridi¬ 
cule the idea of keeping sheep as scaven¬ 
gers. Even so, that is just the work I 
would have them do on every farm on 
which a small flock is kept. They will 
do this work in handsome fashion. The 
little paddocks around the barn, the 
lanes leading back into the farm, the 
grass rims beside strips of forest, the 
fence corners of harvested fields, and all 
the corners and crannies about the whole 
farm, they will trim up as though they 
were trying to prepare a lawn, if they 
are only given access to them at the 
proper season. Of course, they must be 
allowed to graze these places closely. 
Such a flock of sheep would more than 
pay their way in the weeds and weed seeds 
that they would destroy. And while 
being thus fed, they would keep in the 
pink of condition, since they are being 
furnished with just the kinds of food 
suited to their needs. There are few 
plants which sheep will not eat with a 
relish, if allowed access to them when 
they are young and tender. 
Pasture with Cows. —But there will 
be certain times through the Summer 
when they will have to be grazed with 
the cattle in the pastures. Even so, a 
small flock of sheep will do no harm on 
these. They will eat much of what the 
cattle have rejected, will trim out all cr 
nearly all the weeds found in the past¬ 
ures, and while thus engaged they will 
not seriously encroach on the supplies 
of food for the cattle. They may, of 
course, do so to some extent. Neither 
will they foul the pastures so that dairy 
cows will not relish the same. Sheep 
droppings lie close upon the ground, and 
are so scattered that their presence in 
any one place is scarcely noticeable. 
Special Sheep Crops. —If, however, 
the dairyman, for instance, did not want 
the little flock of sheep in his pastures 
until the cows had left them, he could 
easily carry his sheep on pastures sown 
for them, and on which they would feed 
when they were not doing duty as 
vegetation scavengers on the farm. I 
would never hesitate to allow a small 
flock of sheep to pasture with dairy 
cows or other stock during a portion of 
the Summer, but it would not be good 
policy thus to pasture a large flock. 
They would graze the pastures so closely 
that the other stock would be robbed of 
their rightful share of the food. A little 
flock of sheep kept thus on every farm 
would add millions in the aggregate to 
the wealth of the country, and those 
millions would be nearly all clear gain, 
since they would accrue from the frag¬ 
ments of vegetation that grow spontane¬ 
ously, and that would otherwise be lost. 
Every farmer could thus supply his 
household with delicious meat during a 
large portion of the year, and virtually 
without any cost. [prof. J thos. shaw. 
Minnesota. 
Sheep in Place of Cows. 
Let Some Cows Go. —Without doubt, 
it would be wise to keep some sheep and 
sell Eome of the cattle on dairy farms. It 
would materially reduce the labor, and 
should increase the income. A goed-sized 
sheep weighing more than 100 pounds, 
of medium wool, makes a most excel¬ 
lent sheep for early lamb raising. No one 
should keep sheep without having them 
breed early, and without placing them 
in warm Winter quarters and shearing 
twice yearly. This should be done about 
three or four weeks before they are 
turned out to pasture, which should not 
be earlier than May 15. In any case, 
the sheep should be kept near the barn, 
that they may be housed should cold 
rains come after they are turned out. In 
the Fall, they should be brought up from 
two to four weeks earlier than is usual, 
or at the latest, the last of October, and 
sheared. This will allow of the fleece 
growing enough to protect them in warm 
stables before the severe weather of De¬ 
cember arrives. 
Sheep Will Beat Cows. —If it is pro¬ 
posed to keep sheep with the cows and 
not reduce the number of cows or in¬ 
crease the area of pasturage, then noth¬ 
ing but loss can come from such practice. 
But if the cows are reduced in number, 
or they are partly maintained by foods 
furnished them in the stables, then there 
would be no objection to keeping sheep 
in the cow pasture, provided the sheep 
are not too numerous. Should there be 
a battle for grass, the sheep can beat the 
cows in close grazing, and may seriously 
reduce the food of the cows. On the other 
hand, if the pastures are not overstocked, 
the sheep may eat many of the weeds 
and coarser grasses which the cows do 
not relish, and more than this, the sheep 
will tend to graze and lie upon the high 
lands on the knolls. They seldom lie in 
the valleys. This tends to improve the 
higher land, which is usually the poor¬ 
est, while it also tends to leave the lower 
land measurably free for the cattle. 
Winter Horse Dairying. —The dairy 
business is slightly overdone, and the 
farmers should immediately prepare for 
conducting small Winter sheep dairies 
with lambs for milkers, and add to this, 
Winter horse dairying, if you will allow 
these terms. The farm horse should be 
a mare, and a good one, that is, a good 
brood animal. Good brood animals are 
often very plain, but they have certain 
peculiar frames which always give in¬ 
dications of successful and profitable 
motherhood. The horses have little to 
do in the Winter in these modern days, 
therefore, few if any geldings should be 
kept on the farm. All, or nearly all of 
the work stock should be mares, and 
these should raise Winter colts, and if 
they are good ones, before they are old 
enough to place on the city market, say 
six or seven years of age, there will be a 
demand for them at high prices ; in fact 
there will never be a time when well- 
bred good horses will be a drug. It is 
only the little ones, the malformed, 
badly-bred, and the abused animals 
which will have to be sold at a nominal 
price. The American business man will 
have a good horse if money can procure 
it. The great manufacturing enter¬ 
prises also demand a good animal, al¬ 
though of a very different type from the 
one sought by the business man. The 
farmer would better breed the horse for 
the manufacturer, except in rare cases 
where special knowledge or unusual con¬ 
ditions prevail, and then the fast busi¬ 
ness driver or the Coach horse will give 
highest rewards, [prof.] i. p. Roberts. 
New York. 
Breeders’ Directory. 
This column Is reserved for small cards of live 
stock, Including poultry, breeders. No outs. Rates 
on application. 
C HENANGO VALLEY STOCK FARMS, Greene, N 
Y.—Dutch Belted and Jersey Cattle; Dorset and 
Ramboulllet Sheep; Poland-China, Jersey Red and 
Suffolk Pigs; White and Bronze Turkeys, Peafowls, 
and Blooded Chickens. J.D. VAN VALKENBURGH. 
Tub Guernsey breeders of the country seem to 
be very much alive. Secretary Caldwell says 
that the work of recording new cattle and sales 
has nearly doubled in the last five years. Twenty- 
one cows are competing for the herd prizes, and 
five cows in the single cow test. 
The Continental Dorset Club is a lively insti¬ 
tution. In issuing the call for its second annual 
meeting, which was held at Columbus, O., last 
week, the Secretary quoted from Pilgrim’s 
Progress the description of the man who walked 
across stones in the river, to the City of Success. 
We certainly hope the club is walking that way'. 
The discussion concerning chemically-prepared 
meat has extended far beyond official circles, 
and every one appears to be asking whether the 
meat we ordinarily buy receives any treatment. 
A Philadelphia soapmaker, who buys tallow ob¬ 
tained from market stalls and packinghouses, 
states that, several years ago, he noticed a dif¬ 
ference in the tallow, which did not unite so 
readily with the lye, and learned, after question¬ 
ing, that meat dealers were using boracic acid 
as a preservative wash. It was not injected into 
the meat, but merely used as an outside wash. 
Flies are unlikely to trouble meat so treated, in 
hot weather. 
Another Good Offer I-gs? 
March, at $15. Just the kind you are looking for. Also 
Fall Pigs. F. H. Gates & Sons, Chlttenango, N. Y. 
IMPROVED CHESTER WHITES 
of the best breeding and all ages for sale at reason 
able prioes. Pamphlets and prloes free. 
CHA8. K. RECORD, Peterboro, N. Y 
Meat smoked in a few hours with 
KRAUSERS’ LIQUID EXTRACT OF SMOKE. 
Made from hickory wood. Cheaper, cleaner, 
sweeter, and Borer than the old way. Send for 
circular. E. KHAUSER A BKO., Milton, Pa. 
Ill] 
IT WON’T 
m^b 11 the track nor 
VW.MI bind when door is 
warped, or wall is 
^crooked. T Rail 
T r a c k Pivotally 
bung to Brackets. 
Hangers on both 
sides of Door. NOTH¬ 
ING LIKE IT. Rapidly 
replacing all others. 
GOLD MEDAL at Omaha. Write for circular. Also 
Catalogue of our Up-to-Date Hay Tools. 
LOUDEN MACHINERY CO., Fairfield, la. 
FRAZER 
AXLE 
BEST IN THE WORLD. 
Its wearing qualities are unsurpassed, aotually 
outlasting three boxes of any other brand. Not 
afleoted by heat. HT GET THE GENUINE. 
FOB BALE BY DEALERS GENERALLY. 
4 Buggy Wheels, with tire on, $5.80 
With Axles and Boxes set, $8 20 
1 make all sizes and grades. Carriage and 
Wagon Hardware every description. Cat. 
free. W. W. Boob, Center Hall, Dept.R,Pa. 
Cheaperto buy new than repair old— H Y ? 
$6.50 buys 4 Buggy Wheels 7-8 In. Sleel Tire 
$6.85 •>«}» 4 Carriage Wheels 1 In. 8leel Tire 
UJ Repairing soon eats up price of new. 
V) Our wheels stand the racket. 
3 We give full value for money. 
We can furnish axles and set boxes 
2 properly. Write for full price list 
q] and directions for measuring, 
WILMINGTON WHEEL CO., Wilmington, Del. 
BUY THE BEST. 
If you want the best low-down wagon you 
should buy the Electric Handy Wagon. It is the 
best because it is made of the best material; the 
best broad tired Electric Wheels; best seasoned 
white hickory axles; all other wood parts of the 
best seasoned white oak. The front and rear 
hounds are made from the best angle steel, which 
is neater, stronger and in every way better than 
wood. Well painted in red and varnished. Extra 
length of reach and extra long standards sup¬ 
plied without additional cost when requested. 
This wagon is guaranteed to carry 4,000 pounds 
anywhere. Write the Electric Wheel Co., Box 88, 
Quincy, ILinois, for their new catalogue which 
fully describes this wagon, their famous Electric 
Wheels and Electric Feed Cookers. 
Farm Wagon for only $19.95. 
In order to introduce their Low Metal Wheels 
with Wide Tires, the Empire Manufacturing 
Company, Quincy, Ill., have placed upon the 
market a Farmer’s Handy Wagon, sold at the 
low price of 819.95. The wagon is only 25 inches 
high, fitted with 24 and 30-inch wheels with 4-lnch 
tire. 
This wagon is made of best material throughout, 
and really costs but a trifle more than a set of 
new wheels and fully guaranteed for one year. 
Catalogue giving a full description will be mailed 
upon application by the Empire Manufacturing 
Company, Quincy, Ill., who also will furnish 
metal wheels at low prices made any size and 
width of tire to fit any axle. 
Look for It. 
Here it is. 
Now you know by this 
sign 
W W B » W 
St, Jacobs Oil 
CURES 
Rheumatism, Neuralgia, Sciatica, 
Lumbago, Sprains, Bruises, / 
Soreness, Stiffness. ) 
