1899 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER. 
183 
Li ve Stock and Dairy 
A CANADIAN MILK DAIRY. 
BREED AND FEED OF GREAT COWS. 
Ensilage in Summer —Mr. E. B. Till- 
son, of Tillsonburg, Ontario, Canada, 
gives us an interesting account of his 
milk dairy. His cows are mostly Hol- 
steins. One-fourth of the herd are pure- 
breds, while the rest contain some Short¬ 
horn blood. Fifteen years ago Mr. Till- 
son kept Short-horn cattle; since then, 
he has used pure Holstein bulls, so that 
that blood now predominates. He says 
that the average milk yield of the entire 
herd of 55 cows, last year, was 10,242 
pounds of milk, which tested 3}£ per 
cent of butter fat. The average time of 
milking was 11 months and 23 days. This 
year they are doing considerably better, 
owing, he thinks, to better feed and care, 
during the Summer. All Summer he fed 
one-half the Winter ration of both en¬ 
silage and grain, and tried to protect the 
cows from the severe heat and flies dur¬ 
ing July and August. It makes no dif¬ 
ference whether the pastures are good or 
bad ; the cows had every day half as 
much of both ensilage and grain, as they 
received during the Winter. He finds 
that cows like ensilage just as well in 
Summer as they do in Winter. In hot 
weather the cows were fed in the stable 
ture. Two days’ ration of the grain 
mixture is made up at a time. 
A Talk on Feeding. —Mr. Tillson says 
that he sometimes fed oil-cake meal in¬ 
stead of cotton-seed meal, and corn meal 
instead of pea meal, but prefers the 
former. He says cotton-seed meal, es¬ 
pecially in Summer, makes a firmer but¬ 
ter. He is now feeding corn meal be¬ 
cause pea meal is so high in price. He 
says that, if cotton-seed and oil meal 
were both the same price, he would feed 
half and half, but the oil meal now is 
worth $7 and $8 per ton more than the 
cotton-seed. He finds corn ensilage the 
cheapest, best and most convenient feed 
for Summer, as well as Winter. By feed¬ 
ing ensilage through the Summer, he 
kept up the flow of milk, and made his 
cows average over 1,200 pounds, at least, 
more for the year. 
Mr. Tillson finds Alfalfa a wonderful 
green Summer feed, both for cows and 
pigs. It produces large crops and gives 
four cuttings a year. He feeds it green 
to his hogs once a day and alternates 
with ensilage while the Alfalfa is being 
cut. His best cow is from a Holstein 
bull and a Short-horn cow. She is now 
six years old, and gave 10,100 pounds of 
milk as a two-year-old. Her best com¬ 
plete record was 17,740 pounds in 10 
months and 21 days. The quality of her 
milk has averaged, during the whole 
four years, about 3.G butter fat, which 
would mark her as a wonderful cow, the 
equal of any in America. Unfortunate- 
THE COW AND HER YOUNG CALF. Fig. 73. 
Reproduced from a bulletin by Prof. H. H. Wing of Cornell Experiment Station, on The Period of 
. Gestation in Cows. 
during the day, and out in the pasture 
at night. They were washed or sprayed 
with Shoo-fly twice a week, applied 
either with the brush or a spray pump. 
Winter Care and Feed. —For years 
he had continued to weed out the poorer 
cows, replacing them with good heifers 
as they come in. Each cow’s milk is 
weighed once a week, and tested once a 
month with the Babcock tester. This 
weeds out 12 or 15 of the poorest milkers 
every year, and the best calves are 
raised and turned into either beef or 
cows. In Winter, the cows are kept in 
a well-lighted and ventilated stable, 
each one in a roomy, single stall. Fresh 
running spring water and salt are al¬ 
ways before them. They are fastened 
with a chain around the neck, and run 
out for an hour or two twice a week on 
fine days. They never go out on stormy 
or cold days. 
Each morning, before milking, he 
feeds clover hay; after milking, 20 
pounds of ensilage, with six pounds of 
grain feed put on top of it in the man¬ 
ger. At noon they have a little wheat 
or oat straw; at 4 p m., just before milk¬ 
ing, they receive the same amount of 
ensilage and grain that was fed in the 
morning ; after milking in the evening, 
clover hay. The grain generally con¬ 
sists of a mixture of six pounds of bran, 
three pounds of pea meal, two pounds of 
cotton-seed meal. The cows receive 
from 11 to 12 pounds per day of this mix¬ 
ture, those giving the least milk receiv¬ 
ing the least grain. The best cow in the 
barn, giving 50 pounds of milk a day, re¬ 
ceived from 1G to 20 pounds of the mix- 
ly, she is not a purebred cow, and can¬ 
not, therefore, compete for breed prizes. 
THE PERIOD OF GESTATION IN COWS 
During the past 10 years, observations 
on the period of gestation have been 
made on all the cows in the herd at Cor¬ 
nell University, and the results are given 
in a recent bulletin. The average num¬ 
ber of cows has been about 20, two- 
thirds Holstein and high-grade Holstein, 
and one-third Jersey and high-grade Jer¬ 
sey, with a few natives, mixed and 
cross-bred cattle. In all, 194 observa¬ 
tions were made ; of those, nine termin¬ 
ated in the dropping of dead calves prior 
to 253 days of pregnancy, and three 
more were doubtful, so only 182 were 
considered normal. 
A large number of tables are given in 
the bulletin, showing the number of 
days, the number of heifer calves, the 
number of bull calves, and the number 
of twins. The summary of results shows 
that, of 182 births, the average period of 
gestation was almost exactly 280 days. 
The shortest period was 264 days, the 
longest 296. Approximately equal num¬ 
bers of births occurred on each day from 
the 274th to the 287th inclusive. The 
period of gestation was the same for 
male as for female calves. The period 
of gestation where twins were born was 
five days less than the general average 
and eight days less than the average of 
the single births of the same cows. Many 
cows show a well-marked individual 
characteristic as to period of gestation. 
Planting is | 
1*1 zx. OC'O Ar 1 
when you watch the corn drop in the rear of a 
Keystone Corn Planter. Its beautiful work, 
covering ten or twelve acres a day, is a constant 
pleasure to farmers who enjoy seeing work 
well done. The phosphate attachment is a 
perfect piece of mechanism on the 
FARQUHAR KEYSTONE • 
Corn Planter S 
It sows any kind cf pulverized fertilizer. The f 
planter drops kernels in drills or hills with any - 
desired spacing; \ 
Plants ensilage, 
large illustrate 
A. II. FAltQUJ 
The Spangler Corn Planter. 
The Most, Perfeet Corn 
Dropper In the World. 
Witli or Without Fertilizer Attachment. 
Crain and Fertilizer Drill. 
Write for circulars and prices of Planters and Grain 
Drills. We can HAVE YOU MONEY. Address 
SI’ANGl.EK MFG. CO., York, Pa. 
SOWS AIL KINDS OF GRASS SEEDS, TIMOTHY,' 
CLOVERS, ALFALFA, FLAX AND RED TOP, 
ami has a special 
HOPPER FOR WHEAT, OATS, BARLEY AND RYE.) 
The hopper is so close to the ground that the wind 
can't blow the seeds away. That means regular 
seeding. Regular seeding means full crops. 
’THE ORIGINAL WHEELBARROW SEEDERj 
It still leads all others. It is so much easier to 
wheel the seed than carry it. Sows 20 to 40 acres 
per day. It is strong, <Iuruble, lusting. 
Write for free circulars and endorsements. 
O. E. THOMPSON Sc SONS, 
1 7 River Street, Ypsilantl, Mich. 
SMB 
SEEDER 
la simple, strong mid durable, 
sows all kinds of seeds per¬ 
fectly even, saves X labor, X 
of seed, sent on trial, (sold 
cheap), price and circulars 
tree. Address Champion 
Seeder Co.,XIrl>ana, Ind. 
Don’t Break Your Back 
with common boos when 
you can buy this 
Hand Cultivator 
-and weeder and make gardening <te- 
“lightful. If yon can’t buy it of your 
dealer send $l.i>for sample delivered. Agents wanted. 
The Ulrich Mfg. Co., 20 River St., Rock Fulls, Ill. 
WHY NOT RIDE. 
for you. A harrow for everyone. 
Nothing like it. 
Just as easy for the 
team and much easier 
20 Inch 
Wheel 
works 
on 
Stones, 
Sand or 
mps 
YANKEE 
THE inilllLL. HARROW, 
Write at once, ROSS BROTHERS, Worcester, Mass, 
BAD, WORSE, WORST SPRAIN 
Can, without delay or trifling, be 
cured promptly by the 
GOOD, better, best St. Jacobs Oil. 
Breeders’ Directory. 
This column is reserved for small cards of live 
stock, including poultry, breeders. No outs. Kates 
on application. 
Another Good Offer £ p f r i;?„ 9 r,1i 
March, at $15. J ust the kind you are looking for. Also 
Fall Pigs. F. H. Gates & Sons, Chittenango, N. Y. 
IMPROVED CHESTER WHITES 
of the best breeding and all ages for sale at reason 
able prloei. Pamphlets and prloes free. 
CHA 8 . K. BHCOKD, 
Peterboro, N. Y 
Woodland Short-horns heifers (bred) forsale 
W. 1. WOOD, Williamsport, Pickaway Co.. Oiiio. 
For Sale. —Guernsey Bull Calf. Un¬ 
usually well bred. J. P. WELSH, Bloouisburg, Pa. 
JERSEYS. 
Most famous herd in the world. TU First Prizes 
and Sweepstakes won. Championship milk records. 
Grandsons and granddaughters of Ida's Rioter of St. 
L., for sale. He leads every other bull in average 
weekly butter yield for 28 tested daughters, nearly 20 
pounds. No animal sold for less than $100. No cata¬ 
logue. Special literature sent if this paper men¬ 
tioned. Also for sale, Shropshire sheep and Children’s 
ponies. Mil,1,Kit & SIBLEY, Franklin, Venango 
County, Pa. 
FumaCarbon Bisulphide 
“The wheels of the gods grind slow but exceed¬ 
ing small.” So do weevil, but don’t let them grind 
your grain, It doesn’t pay. iiri|||i j, asothers 
KILL THKM WITH FUMA, are doing. 
EDWARD R. TAYLOR, Cleveland, Ohio. 
mM :,10 MINUTES 
Jjwilh .i <’hump Ion Sickle 
jj mid Tool (irlndcr 
yj GRINDS A 6-FT. SICKLE 
to the most perfect bevel and 
keenest edge; grinds heel 
and point and opposite sides 
vof a section at once, is ad¬ 
justable for all work, stone 
r oscilates up and down, sickle remains 
stationary. Flatstone grinds plow points, 
cultivator shovels, discs, axes and all kinds 
of tools, quicker and better than any machine 
made. Stones made of corundum. Will last 20 
years. Try it. If not found the best and handiest made, return 
It at our expense. Price, I stone for sickle, $4. 2 stones for all work, 
$5. Also all sizes and kinds of Plows, Cultivators, Hand and Horse 
Seeders, Drills, Planters, Rollers, Mowers, Hay Rakes, Hay Car¬ 
riers and outfits, Wind Mills, Pumps, Spruy I’tuiips, Harness. 
l>ls<* Harrow, cuts 6^f-ft. $15.99; Smoothing Harrow, cuts 
7%-ft. $4.20. W© have no agrentfl. We sell direct to you at 
lowest prices, on trial, without a cent with order. Send 
for FREK 320-page Agricultural Catalogue. 
Marvin Smith Co., 55-57-59 N. Jefferson St. V 16, Chicago. 
Cider Machinery.—Send for catalogue to Boomer & 
Uoschert Press Co., 118 West Water St., Syracuse. N. Y. 
FARMERS, 
FEEDERS, 
RANCHERS, 
And All Other Men 
are appreciating the 
Charter Gasoline Engine, 
Stationeries, Portables, Engines and Pumps. 
Proof, by addressing 
Charter Gas Engine Co., Box 26, Sterling, III. 
The Most Power 
can be gotten from a horse, or two or three horses, 
by using a 
■SMAllEY 
Tread Power. 
Tills cut shows our 2- 
horse power mounted 
on a 2-wheel truck. 
Provided with even 
lags; all our 1, 2 
and 3 horse powers 
areequipped with the 
Sninlh-y i’lilent Govern¬ 
or. uml NpW’d Kcgulat- 
or». If tile band llies 
off the horses can’t 
be thrown out or“ 
damaged. No danger of lire; no mud; man and beast 
indoors. Applicable to all purposes requiring power. 
Don’t buy until you get our free POWER CATALOGUE. 
Smalley Mf$. Co. Box 22, Manitowoc, Wis. 
UfCI I DRILLING 
WELL Machines 
Over 70 sizes *nd styles, for drilling either deep or 
•hallow wells In any kind of soil or rock. Mounted 
•a wheels or on sills. With engines or horse powers. 
Strong, simple and durable. Any mechanic cm 
operate them easily. Send for catalog. 
WILLIAMS BROS., Ithaca, H. Y. 
OOWIU 
OODH 
. Galvan¬ 
ized 
i Steel 
1 DOWER and 
TUM 
Self-olltng, 
Best Governed, 
Acknowledged 
to be the most 
powerful and 
‘durable made. 
We have every- 
thlngthe farmer i 
needs In tills line. 
Tower a. 
Tanks and 
Pumps, 
Cullers, Grinders ,' 
Shelters, etc. 
MILLS 
yiyipiNc _ 
Catalogue, full of valuable points, free. 
Appleton Mfg. Co. 
i 27 Fargo Stj. _ BATAVIA, ILL. 
