1899 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER. 
209 
The Dairy Cow. 
THE SCALE OF POINTS. 
CAN WE SAFELY JUDGE BY IT ? 
[A correspondent wishes to know how far the 
various scales of points adopted by the differ¬ 
ent breeders’ associations indicate the practical 
value of an animal. He says that the ideal ani¬ 
mals described by our breeders’ associations do 
not always prove'the best practical individuals 
at the pail. How far may we safely go by the 
points ?] 
A Good Eater Wanted. —I cannot give 
you the points of a good cow. We have 
over 200 cows and heifers on this farm, 
and a great many men visit us that are 
experts in judging cows by their good 
points. It is very seldom that they se¬ 
lect the best ones. Give me a cow that 
will eat a good ration three times a day, 
and I will trust Providence for the re¬ 
sults. E. N. HARVEY. 
McGeoch Farm, Wis. 
The Guernsey Scale. —Speaking of 
the Guernsey scale of points, we hardly 
think it would enable a judge to select 
the best dairy animals. Too much stress 
is laid on skin color, escutcheon, etc., 
and too little on barrel, thighs and tem¬ 
perament. This scale was made years 
ago, before it was known that yellow 
milk was not necessarily rich, and 
Guenon was then quoted by everybody. 
The Guernsey Cattle Club now has a 
committee at work on a new scale of 
points. I notice that the “good, ser¬ 
viceable cows ” of all the breeds are built 
much alike, regardless of their scale of 
points. GEO. C. HILL & SON. 
Rosendale, Wis. 
Usually the Rest. —The science of 
breeding does not partake of the exact¬ 
ness of the many sciences of which a 
knowledge is necessary in order to suc¬ 
ceed in that line of business. A breeder, 
no matter what his education, skill and 
experience may be, cannot guarantee his 
heifers all to become good cows. Hav¬ 
ing in mind this limitation, I do not 
hesitate to agree with your correspond¬ 
ent that too many of the “ ideal animals 
described by our breeders’ associations 
do not prove the best practical individ¬ 
uals at the pail.” That breeding under a 
scale of points is responsible for any 
measure of failure, I most emphatically 
deny. 
The so-called scale of points or stand¬ 
ard of perfection of the different dairy 
breeds of cattle, incorporates those char¬ 
acteristics peculiar to the breed and, in 
the main, that conformation of our best 
dairy animals, regardless of breed. 
That the dairy public accepts this view 
of the matter is well demonstrated by 
the fact that it is now almost impossible 
to find a native cow as we knew her 
twenty years ago, the imprint of sires 
bred according to an arbitrary scale of 
points being everywhere apparent in the 
herds of the country. While the scale of 
points for some of the breeds may not be 
entirely satisfactory, I most assuredly 
believe that a competent judge, working 
under the standard for the breed, will, 
in a large majority of cases, select the 
best individual. chas. ii. royce. 
Ellerslie Farm. 
A Jersey Standpoint. —A good, ser¬ 
viceable cow might be one to which no 
recognized scale of points could be ap¬ 
plied from the show standpoint. The 
scale of points of the American Jersey 
Cattle Club represents the experience of 
some of the oldest and best breeders; 
but, in my estimation, the trouble is in 
the individual judge and his estimate of 
what that scale is. For instance, I want 
a cow to have a well-shaped udder and 
large teats of good length and not too 
thick ; the udder to be long on the belly 
and high up behind, square and full in 
front; good full milk veins, the longer 
in actual length, the better they would 
suit me ; then the better-shaped body 
she has, according to the standard as 
laid down for that breed, shows a 
capacity to take care of and utilize the 
fuel (feed) we give her. and to turn it 
into milk and butter profitably to her 
owner. An animal that shows any in¬ 
herent weakness or lack of constitution 
is not likely to be a satisfactory cow. 
I do not believe in the way cows in 
milk are shown : they should be milked 
out clean in the morning, and this should 
be one of the strictest applied rules, be¬ 
cause a skillful show man can even up 
deficient udders, and so round them out 
that the best judges are often deceived 
about their shape and conformation. 
And then it is certainly cruel to keep a 
cow gorged with so much more milk than 
she gives. Another judge will look first 
at her shape and not pay attention to 
the points I look at first. He would 
want to put too much stress on the 
“feel” of her hide, length of the bone 
in her tail, shape and thickness of her 
horns, and other “show” points of little 
or no value at the pail. I have come to 
the conclusion, after watching carefully 
(and disgustedly) the judging at a num¬ 
ber of fairs, that either I do not know 
anything after 25 years of breeding, or 
that our show-ring winners are not the 
ones that I would pick for work and 
profit. 
But, on one point, I think The It. N.-Y. 
is wrong ; my Jerseys are neither nerv¬ 
ous nor easily excited, nor are they any 
more delicate than any other breed. 
The error is made of registering too 
many poor cows and bulls, animals that 
should have been killed or sold as grades, 
as the running-horsemen have started to 
do with the poor brood mares. A Jer¬ 
sey is not always a good one because it 
is registered. R. f. shannon. 
Pittsburg, Pa. 
MILK FEVER. 
thirst, and encourage the cow to drink, 
by warming the water if it is cold. 
Large doses of Epsom salts, a pound to 
the quart of water, may be given once 
or even twice a week, to provoke an un¬ 
wonted activity of the bowels, and to 
counteract the tendency to constipation. 
If the udder is distended, it should be 
rubbed and milked regularly. The cow 
should be kept in a place which is dry, 
clean, airy and cool (in Summer) or warm 
(in Winter), and away from the other 
animals. Should the owner fear that 
his method has not succeeded in reduc¬ 
ing the blood sufficiently, as may hap¬ 
pen when the time is short, a veterin¬ 
arian should be called to let out several 
quarts of blood from the jugular vein of 
the neck. Just before calving, the va¬ 
gina should be washed out with a gen¬ 
erous injection of two per cent creolin 
solution, which should be repeated daily 
after c living, for a few days. Immedi¬ 
ately after the calving is completed, the 
veterinarian should inject creolin solu¬ 
tion into the uterus, as in cases of abor¬ 
tion. Neither carbolic acid, nor corro¬ 
sive sublimate nor iodoform can be rec¬ 
ommended for disinfecting the genital 
passages, but these disinfectants and 
others may be used liberally upon the 
soiled bedding, barn floor, etc. If the 
cow is down, she should be propped 
up on the brisket to prevent the running 
of food into the lungs from the stomach. 
At this season of the year, we always 
begin to have inquiries about milk fever. 
This disease, also known as parturient 
apoplexy, attacks the cow only at calv¬ 
ing time—usually two or three days 
after that event. It rarely attacks a 
heifer with first calf. It is worse with 
heavy milkers—cows with large udders 
and great digestive powers. The New 
Jersey Experiment Station issued an ex¬ 
cellent bulletin on this disease, and we 
give the following extracts from it. It 
is claimed that one form of the disease 
is caused by germs. This may account 
for the fact that, in some herds and 
barns, milk fever seems to be contagious 
like abortion. 
The efiicaey of the wet-pack or “sweat¬ 
ing” system of treatment in this, as in 
all fevers, depends on the fact that the 
sweat glands remove the poisonous prod¬ 
ucts that have accumulated in the blood. 
In fact, the paralysis produced by the 
poisons absorbed from the womb, prob¬ 
ably, also extends to the kidneys, so that 
those organs cease to remove the ordi¬ 
nary poisonous excreta made in the sys¬ 
tem. Thus we have here really a double 
poisoning. It has also been suggested 
that there may be poisonous products 
manufactured by germs in the udder, 
which are absorbed. 
The old theory of the cause of milk 
fever explained the disease as a sudden 
over-distension of the blood system, due 
to the accession to the general circula¬ 
tion, after calving, of the blood which 
flowed in the uterus before calving. This 
factor, probably, enters into the ques¬ 
tion, but there can be no doubt that bac¬ 
terial poisoning is the principal cause of 
the disease. 
Treatment and Prevention. —Treat¬ 
ment should begin a week or two before 
the calf is expected, and should be prac¬ 
ticed on every cow whose condition is 
such as to lead the owner to fear the 
occurrence of milk fever when she calves. 
The treatment is to continue for a week 
after calving. Begin giving short ra¬ 
tions, feed sparingly of rich food, such 
as grains and clover, rather give apples 
and bran mash. Give salt to provoke 
Remember that Bowker’s Animal 
Meal is sold only in yellow bags and 
yellow packages. The original; richest 
in protein.— Adv. 
In consequence of the deaths of cattle at the 
dipping vats, the Bureau of Animal Industry has 
ordered the discontinuance of dipping to prevent 
the spread of Texas fever. The dip now in use 
is composed of lubricating oil, from which the 
paraftin has been extracted, to which 154 percent 
of sulphur is added. 
H. B. Guivlek, of Illinois, in a recent dairy 
lecture, spoke of an English dairyman who told 
his hired man to turn his cows into the yard, and 
drive them around with sticks and dogs, before 
putting them in their stalls. The result was that 
the flow of milk was diminished nearly 50 per 
cent in value. A man In the audience said that 
he had found that a steam filter working in the 
barn near the cows, hammering and pounding, 
had caused a shrinkage in the flow of milk. 
The country 
woman is usually 
healthy and ro- 
bust. If she isn’t 
it is generally be¬ 
cause of her own 
ignorance or neg¬ 
lect. She is a 
iliard working wo- 
rman, but her sur- 
roundings are 
i,healthy, and un¬ 
less she has some 
local weakness, 
she bears her 
heavy burden 
without serious 
' inconvenience. 
The trouble with too many country wo¬ 
men is that they do not sufficiently realize 
the supreme importance of keeping healthy 
in a womanly way. A woman’s general 
health cannot be good if 6he suffers from 
local weakness and disease. If she suffers 
in this way, the strongest woman will soon 
break down and become a weak, sickly, 
nervous, complaining invalid. Dr. Pierce’s 
Favorite Prescription cures all weakness 
and disease of the organs distinctly femi¬ 
nine. It acts directly on these organs, 
making them strong, healthy and vigorous. 
It cures all weakness, disorders and dis¬ 
placements of the delicate internal organs. 
It is the greatest of all nerve tonics. It 
banishes the discomforts of the period of 
solicitude, and makes baby’s advent easy 
and almost painless. It positively insures 
the little new-comer’s health and an ample 
supply of nourishment. Thousands of wo¬ 
men have testified to its wonderful merits, 
and many of them have cheerfully permit¬ 
ted their experiences, names, addresses 
and photographs to be printed in Doctor 
Pierce’s Common Sense Medical Adviser. 
The “Favorite Prescription” is sold by all 
good medicine stores, and a paper-covered 
“ Medical Adviser ” of 1008 pages is mailed 
free on receipt of 21 one-cent stamps to 
cover cost of mailing. Cloth-bound 31 
stamps. Address Dr. R. V. Pierce, Buf¬ 
falo, ‘N. Y. 
Mrs. Frank Camfield, of East Dickinson, 
Franklin Co., N. Y., writes: “ I deem it my 
duty to express my deep, heart-felt gratitude to 
you for having been the means of restoring me 
to health. My troubles were of the womb—in¬ 
flammatory and bearing-down sensations." 
Don’t suffer from constipation. Keep 
the body clean inside as well as outside. 
Dr. Pierce’s Pleasant Pellets cure con¬ 
stipation and biliousness. They never 
gripe. All good dealers have them. 
TESTED BY THE MILK PAIL 
Mgs? 
is made entirely of grain— 
principally of oats — com¬ 
bined in scientific propor¬ 
tions. It is complete for 
the production of milk and 
the proper maintenance of 
the animal. 
PROFIT. 
It may be combined with 
great profit with all forms 
of home-grown feed. 
Sold only in scaled and branded sacks. 
“MODERN DAIRY FEEDING” 
An in valuable book containing scientifically 
proportioned rations, including every form 
of roughage and every variety of feed. Sent 
I postpaid on request. Address Science Dept., 
The American Cereal Co. 
i:i:i9 Monadnock Bldg., Chicago, III. 
SCIENTIFIC ADVICE ON FEEDING 
LIVE-STOCK FEEDERS 
Bhonld see that a guaranteed analysis 
accompanies every bag of 
Cotton-Seed Meal. 
It Is the only safe way to avoid adulterated 
Meal. Every bag shipped by the American Cotton 
Oil Company contains a red tag guaranteeing 
not less than the following analysis: 
Ammonia..... 8.50per cent. 
Nitrogen. 7.00 “ 
Protein.43.00 “ 
Crude Fat and Oil.9.00 “ 
See that the name of The American Cotton-Oil 
Company la on the red tag attached to bag. 
Bend your address for free Information abont 
cotton-seed meal. 
THE AMERICAN COTTON OIL COMPANY, 
46 Cedar Street, New York City. 
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