228 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER. 
March 25 
HOG PASTURE IN SUCCESSION. 
WHEN AND WHAT TO SOW. 
New Plan for Hog Feeding. 
A reader in New York State has, evidently, 
read about the experiments in the West, with 
pasturing hogs by sowing various green crops. 
He wants to try 10 acres as a hog pasture, and 
says that it is new land that will grow almost 
anything. He wants to put this land into six 
lots, and sow seeds that will give him the best 
succession of pasture through the season, but 
does not know what to sow. What has your ex¬ 
perience been in this matter ? What would you 
sow on these lots, either for hogs or sheep, in 
order to get the best succession of green crops ? 
Opinion of Prof. Roberts. 
Sow one lot to rye as early as possible, 
four bushels per acre. At the usual time, 
say two weeks after the rye has been 
sown, seed another plot to barley, three 
bushels per acre. About two weeks after¬ 
wards, sow another plot with one or two 
bushels of Canadian field peas, and two 
of oats per acre. Wait two weeks and 
sow peas, and barley instead of oats, as 
above. Plant two plots to sweet corn, 
and aim to raise as much grain as possi¬ 
ble, that the animals may have a con¬ 
centrated ration with their forage. 
About June 15, turn on the barley and 
sow plot 1 to barley and peas. Since 
barley does better in warm weather than 
oats, always substitute it for oats as the 
season advances. As soon as the plants 
on plot 3 have developed so that the peas 
and oats are in the milk stage, turn off 
2 and on 3. After this there will be 
grain as well as green fodder for the 
animals. Sow plot 2 with Alsike clover, 
one-half bushel per acre, and sow 3 
as soon as it is eaten off, with Dwarf 
Essex rape, five pounds per acre. Also 
sow plot 4 when it is cleared, with rye 
for the following Spring, 2 % bushels per 
acre, and it is quite possible that the 
first corn plot which is hogged off would 
better be sown to rape. 
How many animals the 10 acres will 
carry, and how much supplemental food 
will have to be used to tide over from 
one plot till the next is ready to be fed 
off, or how much surplus food will have 
to be harvested, can be determined only 
after the thing has been tried. In the 
Fall, the pigs should have additional 
grain if the two plots of corn do not 
furnish enough food when supplemented 
by the Alsike clover pasture or the rape. 
Artichokes are frequently represented as 
a cheap and excellent Fall food for 
swine. They are not recommended here, 
as I have had no experience with them, 
and there is some danger that, if they 
are planted, they may escape from cul¬ 
tivation and become weeds. 
It strikes me that this method of util¬ 
izing land, and saving labor, may work 
admirably in many localities. Certain 
it is, the practice of such feeding would 
tend to bring the land, in time, up to a 
very high state of productivity, espec¬ 
ially if some supplemental food were fed 
to the pigs while being grazed. 
Cornell Ex. Sta. I. p. Roberts. 
N!r. Woodward Says Dwarf Essex Rape. 
There is no plant that this man can 
use that will furnish so much or so good 
food for hogs, sheep or cattle as Dwarf 
Essex rape, not Bird rape. This plant is 
a biennial that has never been appreci¬ 
ated by American farmers. It is nearly 
hardy, grows early in Spring, stands 
drought remarkably well, and theoftener 
it is eaten or cut off, the better it grows. 
Its use is the chief factor in solving the 
problem of how to provide cheap food on 
which to feed animals to make cheap 
pork or mutton during Summer. An acre 
sown on good land early in Spring, will 
furnish an abundance of green food for 
from 25 to 50 Spring pigs until fit for 
market, and after they are gone, will 
feed 8 or 10 lambs all the Fall. 
This man may divide his 10 acres into 
four fields. It will feed at least 200 pigs 
all Summer, and 50 lambs, besides fur¬ 
nishing feed for 50 additional lambs 
after the pigs are fitted and gone to 
market. It should be sown as early in 
Spring as the ground will work fine 
(though it may be sown at any time), 
and will be the better if sown in drills 
20 inches apart, 2% or 3 pounds of seed 
per acre. When well up, cultivate once, 
being careful not to cover the young 
plants. In six weeks, it will be large 
enough to turn on pigs ; put them in lot 
one. The next week, change them to 
lot two, and put lambs into one. The 
next week, change pigs to three and 
lambs to two, and so continue to change 
pigs each week to a fresh lot, and follow 
putting lambs into the lot from which 
pigs were taken. Thus the pigs will 
have fresh rape each week, and the lambs 
will follow, eating what is left close to 
the ground, and each lot will have a 
three weeks’ growth each time fresh for 
the pigs. 
Rape is a very succulent and nutritious 
food, with a nutritive ratio of 1: 5.7, a 
grand food for growing animals, but so 
laxative in its effects upon the stock, 
that they ought always to have an old 
pasture on which to run, or to be fed 
some dry food or hay with it. They 
should always have free access to salt. 
To get the best profit out of using it, 
with the pigs at least, they should have 
with it all the coarse wheat middlings 
they will eat, until they weigh 100 
pounds, and then there should be added 
one-third its weight of corn meal to 
the middlings, gradually increasing the 
proportion of corn meal to one-half, so 
as to have pigs ready to sell at 200 
pounds. After the pigs are gone, the 
number of lambs may be doubled. 
The lambs should by all means have 
the run of an old pasture, and will be 
much better if they have a feed of coarse 
wheat bran each day in connection with 
the rape. Better than all, by thus feed- 
ing pigs and lambs the supplemental 
food, the manure will be scattered over 
the rape field, and as a result, it will 
continue to grow ranker and faster after 
each time eating off. Of course, he can 
use other crops for the purpose, but 
there is no other that will grow so per¬ 
sistently all Summer, and until it is 
killed by the Winter, as Dwarf Essex 
rape. By using it as indicated, and hav¬ 
ing the Spring pigs to turn into it, and 
feeding them as described, there is no 
trouble in making pork at a fair profit, 
even though compelled to sell at three 
cents per pound dressed weight. 
Niagara Co., N. Y. j. s. woodward. 
Rye, Sweet Corn and Rape. 
I think there is no part of our farming 
operations where greater changes have 
been made among the most successful, 
than in methods of breeding and feeding 
swine. Years ago the hogs that com¬ 
manded the highest prices were those 
which, when dressed, weighed 300 pounds 
or over, and when cut up, showed a clear 
white fat five or six inches thick with¬ 
out a streak of lean. At the present 
time, the greatest demand and the high¬ 
est price is for the pig which has been 
pushed with suitable food in favorable 
surroundings to weigh 150 to 190 pounds, 
with a large proportion of lean meat. 
I have not a word to say as to the 
various breeds of swine, but only wish 
to impress upon breeders the necessity 
of making some changes in methods of 
feeding. Too many farmers still cling 
to the old custom of confining the pigs 
in a damp, filthy pen or yard, and de¬ 
pend on a diet composed of milk, mid¬ 
dlings, and corn. We are too likely to 
forget that swine are naturally grass¬ 
eating animals, as well as our other live 
stock. Right here is where the cost of 
production may be very materially de¬ 
creased. By providing suitable pasture, 
we may develop large, strong frames, 
plenty of lean meat, and strengthen the 
digestive organs. This with the exer¬ 
cise which naturally comes with it will 
insure a healthy pig, and this is abso¬ 
lutely necessary if we would look for 
profit. 
For early Spring pasture, perhaps there 
is no better crop than rye, followed later 
with an adjoining field of clover, which 
will supply their wants until about the 
first of July, when a field of Dwarf Essex 
rape should be ready for pasturing, if 
sown early in May. I doubt whether 
there is any other crop grown that will 
insure a more rapid, healthy growth 
than rape, and this should make a por¬ 
tion of the ration until October. 
Another crop of great value for feed¬ 
ing swine is Stowell’s Evergreen corn, 
which should be run through a fodder 
cutter and fed as liberally as the pigs 
will eat it. If planted early, and well 
cared for, it will be in condition to cut 
and feed August 1, and will be profitably 
fed until the stalks are partly dried. 
The above-mentioned crops will keep 
pigs growing economically, and provide 
a good supply of meat for the use of the 
family, or be a source of income if sold. 
But if more variety is desirable, the next 
best crop will be a field of peas, which 
should be gathered and fed in the straw. 
For Winter feed for breeding stock, or as 
a part of the ration for fattening in Win¬ 
ter, there is nothing better than the 
Golden Tankard beet. 
One of the most profitable feeding ex¬ 
periments I have ever known was carried 
on with a ration in which nearly 10 
pounds of roots were given for every 
pound of grain. There is always room 
at the top, and the man who succeeds 
must do it by adopting methods which 
have proved the best. The man who 
grows a pig to weigh 175 pounds, and 
carrying a large proportion of lean meat, 
will always find a good market for it. 
Genesee County, N. Y. frank d. ward 
Young children, to avoid 
m arasmus, scrofula, or 
rickets, and develop healthy 
tissues, bones and teeth, need 
fats and hypophosphites. Dr. 
W. Gilman Th ompson, 
Prof. Materia Medica and 
Therapeutics, in the Uni¬ 
versity of New York, asserts 
that Cod-liver Oil is the 
best fat for the purpose. 
Scott’s Emulsion is cod- 
liver oil partly digested and 
combined with hypophos¬ 
phites, it gives children 
material for rich blood, 
solid flesh, bones and teeth. 
50c. and Si.oo, all druggists. 
SCOTT & BOWNE, Chemists, New York. 
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1 
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