1899 
393 
On the Wing. 
Farm Run by Daughter Power. 
Fruits and Vegetables for the Home Mar¬ 
ket — The Birthplace of the New 
York Strawberry. 
I EDITORIAL CORRESPONDENCE. I 
Part II. 
Cash on Delivery. —The question of 
picking is an important one to berry 
growers. I asked Miss Yates how she is 
situated in this respect. 
“ I have no trouble in getting all the 
pickers I require, paying one cent a 
basket. I pay them every night; then, 
if there is any misunderstanding or dis¬ 
satisfaction, it can be rectified at once. 
The same pickers are willing to come 
back season after season. I know of 
cases where pickers getting 1 H or 3 
cents are not so well satisfied, and it 
frequently happens that this dissatisfac¬ 
tion may be traced to a credit system. I 
aim to run a strictly cash business, on 
both debit and credit sides ” 
Varieties of Small Fruits. — Miss 
Yates grows a number of different straw¬ 
berries. Warfield, Staples, Lena and 
Haverland are liked; Timbrell sells well, 
but needs good care. It responds in a 
marked degree to the use of wood ashes, 
on this soil. Discussing the means of 
insuring sound, robust young plants, 
Miss Yates expressed her belief in run¬ 
ners from fruiting stock. This recalls 
the view, held by many commercial 
florists, that in making cuttings from 
roses, the best result is obtained from 
the use of flowering shoots, rather than 
“blind wood” — shoots that will not 
bloom. Crimson clover is used wherever 
there is a vacant place on the farm, or 
among the fruit; Miss Yates is an earnest 
believer in this verdant Winter overcoat. 
Raspberries and Blackberries.— 
Marlboro and Cuthbert represented the 
raspberries ; Shaffer won’t sell, even in 
an educated home market. Those pre¬ 
vailed on to try it agree that the flavor 
is delicious, especially for canning, but 
its unfortunate color gives it a faded 
look. Snyder and Minnewaski are the 
choice in blackberries; Early Harvest 
winterkills so badly as to be undesir¬ 
able. Blackberries pay well with Miss 
Yates, and she now intends to try 
Lucretia dewberries, also. 
When referring to the use of Crimson 
clover, Miss Yates stated that she saved 
her own seed, and sowed in the hulls. 
The hulls hold moisture, and a far better 
stand is thus obtained. 
Fences and Field Crops. —When driv¬ 
ing along the country road, I noticed 
some fences composed of huge stumps, 
which had been extracted from the fields 
by the powerful persuasion of a stump- 
pullfr. Commenting on these rustic 
fences, I was told that the road commis¬ 
sioners were ordering the removal of 
these stumps because the snow drifts 
against them and piles up so badly as to 
impede the roads seriously. We notice 
a great change in the attitude toward 
fences in most farming districts. Pro¬ 
gressive farmers recognize the evil of 
wide, weedy fence rows and, except 
where it is necessary to pasture stock, 
the fields are losing their divisions. 
Miss Yates is following the example of 
the Hope Farm folks in making the old 
fences into firewood, replacing them with 
woven wire. She is, also, making some 
of the old apple trees which linger still 
in the fields, into fuel. Alluding to this, 
she observed: * 
“These few old trees cannot be re¬ 
garded as valuable on a place like ours. 
One can’t grow apples in a haphazard 
manner now; the trees must be culti¬ 
vated and sprayed intelligently, and the 
product marketed properly. I’m a small 
fruit grower, and must give my crops 
full attention ; so, though I like to see 
the apple trees, they mustn’t interfere 
with my main business.” 
Vegetable Growing.— All the regular 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER. 
garden vegetables are grown by Miss 
Yates for the home market, beginning 
with lettuce, radishes, etc. Peas are 
grown largely in succession. The fam¬ 
ily working force gathers these vegeta¬ 
bles. I asked whether any use was 
made of frames or other glass. 
“ No,” responded Miss Yates, “I have 
been considering this, for some friends 
have urged me to use a small green¬ 
house, but I have concluded that it would 
not pay me. I can start my tomato 
plants in the house, and take advantage 
of warm favored spots in the garden for 
vegetables. I think a farmer may well 
consider the matter very carefully be¬ 
fore investing money in glass.” 
Light Brahma Hens — Tompkins 
County is one of those White Leghorn 
districts, and it was quite a surprise to 
find that Miss Yates pins her faith to 
Light Brahmas. I told her that such 
choice showed distinct originality, and 
she justified it on the ground that she 
likes Light Brahmas. The masculine 
half may remark, as he usually does, 
“ How like a woman ! ” but Mi-s Yates 
says that the Light Brahma is the only 
fowl to keep on a berry farm, and results, 
with her, are such as to give confidence 
in these dignified birds. They lay per¬ 
sistently at a time when the Leghorns 
give fewer eggs, and they make a fine 
table fowl. But it is their quiet habits 
that make them specially suited to a 
small berry farm, where the Leghorns 
would wander from Dan to Beersheba. 
“ One thing to be noted in connection 
with the Light Brahmas,” said Miss 
Yates, “ is the fact that they must have 
plenty of green food. Their appetite for 
grass is almost as voracious as that of a 
goose. Another thing I notice is that 
they will pick Potato beetles as indus¬ 
triously as though they were paid by the 
day for doing it.” 
“ It is often asserted that birds of their 
type are too clumsy to be good mothers.” 
“ I have some Black Minorcas sitting, 
but the Brahmas are all right when the 
feathers are removed from their feet. 
Pull out these big feathers gently; it 
doesn’t hurt the bird, and avoids the 
risk of breaking eggs. After the chicks 
are hatched, I leave them with the old 
hen during the day, and take them away 
at night; then there is no risk of their 
being smothered.” 
“ Do you think them intelligent ? You 
know the Leghorn men assert that no 
other fowls approach the Leghorns in 
brains.” 
“Intelligent? Why, 1 have one hen 
that not only comes to the door to tell 
me when she has laid an egg herself, but 
also escorts me to every other nest con¬ 
taining an egg. She never makes an 
error, but directs me to the right nests, 
making various remarks in hen language 
which would, no doubt, give me valu¬ 
able information concerning the care of 
poultry, if I could only translate them. 
Leghorn fowls are intelligent, I know, 
but I’m not ready to admit that they are 
any more intelligent than my Light 
Brahmas.” 
Miss Yates sells her eggs in the home 
market, like her garden crops, and for 
this purpose finds the Brahmas satisfac¬ 
tory as Winter layers. The Leghorn 
raisers, throughout the district, ship 
their eggs to the city markets. The fact 
that the Brahmas won’t attempt to fly 
over a two-foot fence makes them the 
best breed for a berry farm. Some Lang- 
shans were noted; pullets hatched in 
August began to lay in January, and 
were still laying steadily in the middle 
of April. 
I asked whether stable manure is used 
extensively, but found that there is little 
to be bought in the district, hence the 
Crimson clover is specially valuable. 
Wood ashes are freely used. The straw¬ 
berries are not burned over, but mowed 
as soon as fruiting is finished, the plants 
MOTHERS.—Be sure to use “Mrs. Wins¬ 
low’s Soothing Syrup ” for your children 
while Teething. It is the Beat.— Adv. 
being fruited for three successive years. 
A straw mulch, put on when cultivation 
stops, keeps the berries clean, and holds 
moisture. Miss Yates was intending to 
make a little experiment with sawdust 
as a strawberry mulch, though not espe¬ 
cially sanguine as to results. Some fer¬ 
tilizer experiments are, also, under way. 
It will be seen that this feminine farmer 
intends to keep up with the procession, 
and is studying new ways of getting the 
highest results from each crop. She 
takes a modest view of her success, but 
I think that there are a good many 
masculine workers who might take a 
few valuable hints from her way of ob¬ 
taining results. She has a definite ob 
ject in view, and then studies the best 
method of attaining that object, e. t. r. 
The Aftermath. 
.... Houses are different in different 
ages, but souls are alike in all ages. 
....The expectation of great wealth 
has ruined more young men than the 
possession of it has ever ruined. 
.... “The very instruction given in many 
American colleges to young men and 
women of the cultured classes is tinc¬ 
tured with communistic views. ” 
....“Professors are found to teach 
these anti-Christian social theories be¬ 
cause they are sensational and in de¬ 
mand among foreign anarchists of the 
better type.” 
... .War creates splendid opportunities 
for the display of courage. There is 
glory in war for some men. But mark 
you, there is glory in war—and glory of 
war. Permit me to explain myself. 
There is glory in war, when courageous 
acts are done. There is glory of war 
when war is averted. We all admire the 
courage of nurses when they brave the 
dangers of pestilence to save lives, but 
who would contribute to make the op¬ 
portunity for the display of such cour¬ 
age?—Lyman Abbott. 
GOOD INCOMES 
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If you don’t want commissions 
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FULL CREAM CHEESE. 
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prices and terms. A. & H. E. COOK, Denmark, N. Y 
274 WAYS 
TO COOK 
MEATS, VEGETABLES, 
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Mailed for 30c. in 2-cent stamps. Address 
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Dept. H 56, 295 and 297 Fifth Ate., Chicago, III. 
GREAT CARE 
Should be exercised In selecting 
food intended for growing 
children. 
Wheatlet 
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Send for booklet containing val¬ 
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H'Jr 
B. * B. 
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BOGGS & BUHL, 
Department C, 
ALLEGHENY, PA. 
Everyone a Bargain. 
NEW AND SECOND HAND* 
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WASHING DISHES 
A mountain of dishes confronts the average house¬ 
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The best, easiest, quickest and cheapest way to wash 
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THE N. K. FA1RBANK COMPANY 
Chicago St. Louis New York Boston 
