899 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER 
6i9 
TALK ABOUT COWS. 
The rotation of fruit growers to dairy¬ 
ing, and of dairymen to potato and grain 
growing, seems to be a curious phenom¬ 
enon, but it’s the way of all things. 
There is a rotation of people. The peo¬ 
ple of other countries are rapidly taking 
the place of Americans. Groves of beech 
trees spring up where the maple was cut 
down. One people, crop or industry, de¬ 
plete of certain elements necessary for 
success, and to restore the equilibrium, 
other methods of living, or crops, or in¬ 
dustries, must be adopted. Hence it is 
that dairy talks are most eagerly lis¬ 
tened to in the heart of the fruit coun¬ 
try. 
C. E. Chapin, speaking of Some Things 
About the Cow, at last year’s institute, 
said: “When the calf is born, it should 
be examined, and if not well born, 
should be rejected. The teats should be 
well placed, and if there are two rudi¬ 
mentary ones back, it’s a favorable sign. 
A careless neighbor never discovered 
that his heifer had but two full-sized 
teats till her first calf was born. The 
calf should have a full set of teeth; if 
only small, imperfect., or few in num¬ 
ber, the calf will be lacking in vitality. 
It may be, if well cared for, raised, but 
born vitality is much more reliable than 
fed vitality. We want this calf to de¬ 
velop into a machine to convert food 
into milk, and a mother to rear young. 
To be profitable, the machine must have 
a large capacity. Small work is small 
pay. It calls for great grinding power. 
Something like eight tons of roughage 
must be ground in a year. 
“There must be a strong, healthy 
stomach. The stomachs of our young 
animals are very susceptible to changes, 
and too much or too cold milk, or skim- 
milk unbalanced by taking out the fat, 
will bring bowel troubles. Once weak¬ 
ened by a severe case of scours, the 
stomach never is capable of severe forc¬ 
ing for a record. A natural feeder will 
know by the looks and actions of a calf 
when it has enough, but a mechanical 
feeder cannot detect changes, and is not 
to be trusted fully, although by requir¬ 
ing him to use the thermometer and 
measure, he will do much better. 
“The food should be as warm as the 
mother’s milk, and not more than 
enough to fill out the sides even. Take 
away the pail quickly enough so that 
the calf will want more. Feed new milk 
until the stomach is strong, and change 
very gradually to skim with a little oil- 
meal, bran and clover hay. A large 
machine requires storage capacity, and 
coarse, bulky foods should be provided 
as soon as the calf will eat them. Con¬ 
centrated foods will give the body of a 
racehorse, but I prefer my heifers to be 
as wide as long at six months. Fall 
calves may be better turned out to grass, 
but Spring calves are better if kept in 
the roomy barn stalls, till a year old. I 
would not carry the idea too far, and 
feed too poor a ration, so the calf will 
be compelled to gorge so much food, in 
order to get enough to sustain life, that 
there would be an undue extension 
which would result in indigestion. The 
best calf and cow is usually the Irish¬ 
man’s, who has but the one, and whose 
wife gives it slops, warm drink and per¬ 
sonal care every day. A little extra feed 
and care seem to work wonders. 
At the Fairs 
we always meet old friends of the 
paper who wish to renew their ac¬ 
quaintance and subscriptions. Where 
we cannot attend ourselves, we de¬ 
sire to make arrangements with some 
other friend of the paper to repre¬ 
sent us. Perhaps you are just the 
man to do it. Will you? If so, write 
us, giving date and place of the fair 
you will attend. We will send you 
terms and samples. 
Thi Rural New Yorker, 
New York. 
“The calf must be taught the correct 
use of food. The value is determined by 
the first year’s treatment. If fattened 
when young, it will always be more 
likely to lay on fat if well fed than if 
kept properly while young. A dairy 
cow should lay on fat inside, not out. 
“The heifer should be bred to calve 
young—at 18 months for precocious 
breeds. The milk-giving comes at a 
time when the heifer is making rapid 
growth, and works off any tendency to 
fatten, also stimulates growth of milk 
organs. This period of the heifer’s life 
requires careful, generous feeding to get 
large yields, growth and profits. Milk a 
full year, and help fix the habit of per¬ 
sistent milk giving. Do not breed her 
to calve sooner than at three years for 
the second calf. To develop fully, feed 
ensilage, buckwheat middlings and 
enough corn meal and clover to keep in 
fair condition and good strength. A cow 
well cared for will continue to develop 
till seven or eight years old. To de¬ 
velop and get a large, persistent How of 
milk the year ’round, requires constant 
care, and the flow of milk must not be 
reduced by any cause, as I do not believe 
the full amount is ever obtained again, 
after a shrinking, until another calf is 
born. The development of an extra 
dairy cow should be classed among the 
fine arts.” 
For the week ending August 12, the ex¬ 
ports of butter from Montreal were 2S,46S 
packages, including 7,269 packages to Liver¬ 
pool, 4,681 packages to Manchester, 5,018 
packages to Glasgow, 400 packages to flam- 
burg, 10,050 packages to Bristol and 150 
packages to Aberdeen. 
Cruelty to Hens.— District judges in 
Chicago have been differing on the legal 
question of carrying live chickens. The 
Humane Society arrested several peddlers 
for carrying live chickens by the legs, 
heads down. The offenders were dis¬ 
charged, the judge holding that this is the 
customary manner of carrying the birds, 
and is not cruel. Another judge has re¬ 
versed this decision, holding that, as chick¬ 
ens were constructed to hold their heads 
over their feet, the reversal of this is 
legally cruelty. The Chief of Police lias 
issued an official warning that carrying 
fowls heads down is illegal, and persons 
interested threaten to go to the Supreme 
Court for a further decision. 
Customs appraisers in the Northwest 
have a good deal of trouble, settling the 
duties on “hides and other skins” coming 
in from British Columbia. Sheepskins 
without wool, or which have been freshly 
sheared, are admitted free, but when such 
skins have wool upon them, there is a 
duty of 10 cents a pound or less upon the 
wool. It is necessary therefore, in the case 
of such skins, to measure the length of 
wool, and figure up the weight. Hides of 
neat cattle, weighing less than 25 pounds, 
are admitted free, but the British Columbia 
cattle are fine animals, and few of their 
skins get in free. It is said that, the law 
setting this limit of weight on free hides 
was made in the interests of New England 
shoe manufacturers, who import South 
American hides, which are usually small. 
Cream Separators 
De Laval “Alpha ” and “Baby " Separators. 
First—Best—Cheapest. All 8tyles—Sizes 
Prices, $50 to $800. 
Save III) per cow per year. 8end for Catalogue. 
THE DE LAVAL SEPARATOR CO., 
Randolph and Canal Streets, I 74 Cortlandt Btreei 
CHICAGO 1 NEW VOKK. 
Top Price Butter. 
The kind that a fancy private 
trade demands, is colored with 
Thatcher's Orange Butter Color— 
the color that does not contain 
any poison. Send for a sample. 
THATCHER MFG. CO., Potsdam, H.Y. 
LIVE-STOCK FEEDERS 
should see that a guaranteed analysis 
accompanies every bag of 
Cotton-Seed Meal. 
It is the only safe way to avoid adulterated Meal 
Every bag shipped by tho American Cotton Oil Com¬ 
pany contains a red tag guaranteeing not less than 
tho following analysis: 
Ammonia.$.j(i per cent. 
Nitrogen. . 7 00 *• 
Protein... . 43.00 
Crude Fat and Oil . 9.0U “ 
Send your address for freo .Information about 
cotton-seed mea'. 
THE AMERICAN COTTON-OIL COMPANY, 
16 Cedar Street, New York City. 
Dairymen, Dorit You Know 
That you are losing cream and doing work 
That might be saved if you were using the 
IMPROVED U. S. SEPARATOR 
It has been proved often that it not only 
SKIMS THE CLEANEST, 
but is the Easiest to Operate and Clean, therefore 
IS THE BEST TO BUY. 
Write for our free illustrated catalogues for full information. 
VERMONT FARM MACHINE CO., Bellows Falls, Vt. 
The NEW Smalley 
The Most Up=to=date Silo Cutter on Earth. 
SMALLEY CUTTERS For 1899 
are more complete than ever before. They will 
be furnisned, if desired, with Patent Automatic 
Self-Feed, incrt.siug capacity greatly and 
diminishing labor of feeding nearly ONE 
HAI.E. Four sizes. Nos. 16, 18, ‘40 and 46. 
If your dealer don t handle them, write for 99 Catalogue 
and get SPECIAL Introduction PRICES on the 
SMALLEY LINE COMPLETE. 
• Yank kb Silo Sense —our latest Silo booklet, ex Oov 
Hourd 8 Latest Views—mailed free to any one naming tins paper. 
SMALLEY MFG. COMPANY, Sole Makers, MANITOWOC, WIS. 
ROSS 
ENSILACE 
MACHINERY 
“cuts ensilage, corn fod¬ 
der, hay and other rough- 
age and shred fodder for 
teed and cut straw for baling and bedding. They 
have a reputation for htgh quality in material, con¬ 
struction, capacity and working ability Send for 
Catalogue No. lit The E. W. Ross Co., Springfield, (I 
HEEBNER’S 
Patent 
Level Tread 
with Sneed Regulator. 
Horse Power 
Cat¬ 
alog 
free. 
LITTLE CIANT Threshing Machine 
Threshes grain, rice, flax, millet and grass seed. Fully 
warranted. Feed and Ensilage Cutters, Feed Grinders. 
HEEBNER & SONS, Lansdale, Pa.,U.S.A. 
SEPARATOR and POWERS 
Oa| 
our price* 
A Catalogue 
of Sweep 
Powers, hand 
and power Corn 
Shelters. Feed CnHcrs, 
Feed Mills, Steel Land Rollers, Chilled Plows. 
Mower s, Woori Saws, Engines—3 to 25 Horse Power, 
■talionarv. ». S. MUSSJLNiiEli A: tO>OX % TuUmy, l** 
linDCC DflUfCDC thrashers 
nUnOE rUVTE.no, and cleaners 
One* two-horse Thrashing Outfits. Level P||TTCRQ 
Tread, Pat.Governor, Feed and Ensilage VU I I LfiO 
ELLIS KEYSTONEAGR’LWORKS,Pottstown, Pa 
F. L. MAINE, General Agent, Willet, N. Y. 
F. U. BENEDICT. General Agent, McLean, N.Y. 
ENSILAGE OR FEED CUTTERS 
with common or self-feeding tables, and any style of 
Carriers. If you want a Cutter of any kind or size, 
write us for c rcnlars. We sell them at factory 
prices. KOS8 BltOS.. Worcester. Mass., 
Dealers In all kinds of Farm Machinery. 
SILOS 
Are Filled 
Quickly and 
Economically with ‘‘New Hero'* 
ENSILAGE CUTTERS 
BECAUSE THEY 
EXCELL 
> in rapid 
work, 
strength, dur¬ 
ability and 
simplicity. 
Two gears only 
on the com¬ 
plete cutter. 
Sizes to suit 
oil needs. STRONCEST GUARANTEED. 
j SOMETHING NEW: gfetaSL’SEj 
desi red nngle, and can be changed from one angle 
to another without stopping cutter. New 160 page 
catalogue mailed FREE. Tells all about Hero 
Ensilage and Fodder Cutters, Corn Huskers 
Sweep and Tread Powers, Feed Mills, Goodhue, 
Wind Mills, 8hellers, Peck’s Corn Thresher, etc, 
iAPPLETON MFG. CO. iataviai S ifi8. 
THE 'LESLIE" LINE 
OF FODDER ANO ENSILAGE 
SHREDDERS and CUTTERS 
is made to meet the demands of those people who want a combined 
machine that really coin bine*. A shredder that will 
shred —not chew, bruise and haggle the feed— and a cutter 
that will eiit. The shredder head in the machine and the 
cutter head lying on the floor are Interchangeable* and 
either or both are supplied ns ordered. This is the only true shred¬ 
der made requiring only low Speed. Equipped with any 
length of straight or angle carrier to order. Remember that 
thl* machine cover* the whole Held of cutting and 
shredding. Write us for circulars, testimonials, Ac. 
*1. Albans Foundry Co. St. Albans, VI. 
Your Butter Profit 
may not be as great as 
you could wish. No 
matter what it now is, 
it would ba increased 
one-fourth 1o one-tbird 
if you used a Safety 
Hand Separator It 
is better in every way 
than any plan you have 
yet tried. It gets all 
the butter-fat, and makes it iDto an im¬ 
prove d quality cf product. Better but¬ 
ter, better prices, and more money. 
Send for Catalogue No 25 
The Sharpies Co., P. M. SPAPPLE 
Canal & Washington Sts., West Chester, Pa. 
CHICAGO. U. 8 A 
S econd annual hoosick fair, at 
Hoosick Falls, August 29—September I. 
(4,000 in Purses and Premiums. Special Attractions. 
For Premium-Lists address 
G FRANK RISING. Sec y. Hoosick Falls, N. Y. 
NewYork State Fair, 
SYRACUSE N Y , 
September 4 to 9, 1899. 
$25,000 in Premiums 
New Buildings, New Water Plant. 
Great Attractions. 
Premium lists now ready. Apply to 
J AS. B. DOCHARTY, Sec’y, Albany, N. Y. 
Special Railroad Facilities. Reduced Bates, and all 
exhibits unloaded from cars on 
the Fair Grounds 
