746 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER. 
October 21 
WHAT IS A “GRADE” SHEEP? 
How io Divide Twins. 
There seems to be quite a division of 
opinion among farmers as to what con¬ 
stitutes the grade sheep. For example, 
some of our judges at the fairs state that 
a purebred that has not been registered, 
is a grade. In case a sheep had twins, 
and one was registered and the other was 
not, according to this standard, the one 
could be called a purebred and the other 
a grade. Do you think this is a fair defi¬ 
nition of the grade sheep, and would you, 
as judge, bar out the twin sheep that had 
not been registered, and refuse to consider 
it a purebred animal? 
A Dorset Opinion. —Your position is 
well taken. A grade sheep is an animal 
whose sire is a purebred and the dam a 
grade, or an animal ineligible to record 
in some well-established flock-book. The 
simple fact that an animal has been re¬ 
corded or has . not been registered, has, 
in my opinion, no bearing on the ques¬ 
tion. A grade is simply an animal 
whose sire and dam, or either of them, 
are not eligible to record. There are 
many purebred animals in the flocks of 
this country unregistered. An animal 
may be purebred, however, yet cannot 
be so considered except upon the au¬ 
thority of a certificate of record under 
the seal of some well-established asso¬ 
ciation. M. A. COOPER. 
Pennsylvania. 
A Merino Man.— A grade is a grade, 
and can never be registered on account 
of blood lines, but we may have pure¬ 
bred stock that is not registered, yet en¬ 
titled to registry. Some fair associa¬ 
tions do not require that purebred stock 
should be registered to compete for 
premiums, while others say that all 
purebred stock must be registered in 
order to compete. In case of the twin 
sheep—I call both purebred—the one 
registered would have no trouble in en¬ 
tering at any show, as records could be 
produced. In case the other twin was 
shown and competed for a prize (as a 
purebred sheep) the owner, if requested 
by the secretary of the fair association, 
could produce the facts from the secre¬ 
tary of sheep association in which this 
animal was eligible to registry, stating 
that the sheep was bred so-and-so, and 
in my opinion could compete for prizes, 
although I think it much better for per¬ 
sons breeding purebred stock, and ex¬ 
pecting to show the same, always to 
register their stock promptly. 
New York. J. iioratio eari.e. 
Need of Registration. —A purebred 
sheep is one that has in its veins only 
the blood of one of the acknowledged 
purebred breeds of sheep; that is to say, 
that a purebred Southdown has in it 
only Southdown blood; a purebred 
Cotswold only Cotswold blood, etc. A 
grade sheep is one that does not entirely 
fulfil the above requirement. A sheep 
that has in it the blood of any other 
breed is a grade, even though the addi¬ 
tional outside Dlood be ever so little, or 
that blood be from an animal also pure¬ 
bred. The cross of purebred Southdown 
and purebred Cotswold will Je a grade. 
Registry does not make or unmake a 
grade sheep. If eligible to registry it 
must be purebred, but if a purebred ani¬ 
mal is not recorded its purity of blood 
is not changed. Breeders ci purebred 
sheep, for various reasons, are some¬ 
times unabie fully to identify either the 
dam or the sire of a lamb, although 
both are known to be purebred, and are 
therefore unable, under the rules of the 
best regulated associations, to record it. 
These are often called “grades,” but it 
is a misnomer. Such animals are pure¬ 
bred, and because of their ineligibility 
to registry are classed with grades, as 
of less value because non-recordable. In 
case of twins, where one is rightly re¬ 
corded and one not recorded, both are 
equally purebred, the blood being ex¬ 
actly alike. 
Some fair associations require that 
sheep must be recorded before being 
exhibited, and all ought to be so, hence 
an unrecorded animal is not entitled to 
consideration under such rules, and a 
judge must in duty bound refuse it re¬ 
cognition. Such refusal does not, how¬ 
ever, make it a “grade,” for the same 
sheep might afterwards be recorded, ap¬ 
pear in another exhibition, and the same 
judge would give it rightful recognition 
as purebred. So, too, an unrecorded 
twin would be properly barred, even 
though its mate was recorded. It sim¬ 
ply fails to receive consideration be¬ 
cause the rules for exhibit are not com¬ 
plied with. 
It is well to bear in mind that regis¬ 
tration is not for the purpose of making 
purebred animals, but as an aid in 
keeping them in purity; a guaranty of 
purity as far as can be; and by the pub¬ 
lication of pedigrees enabling breeders 
to select with judgment and nearest cer¬ 
tainty such animals as may be needed 
for the improvement of their flocks. 
As an example of the benefits of regis¬ 
try, and bearing on the subject of 
grades, brief mention is made of a west¬ 
ern sheep raiser who desired about 50 
Southdown rams for use in his flock of 
grade ewes. “I wish,” said he, “noth¬ 
ing but sheep that are eligible to regis¬ 
try, but don’t care to have them record¬ 
ed. I’ve several times tried so-called 
purebred sheep, and I’ve tried purebred 
sheep as guaranteed by registry, and 
found that the former almost ruined my 
flock in the variety in type and appear¬ 
ance produced, while the latter kept 
them of a sameness.” In the one case 
he got grades, in the other purebred 
though unrecorded sheep. 
Illinois. JNO. G. SPRINGER. 
WESTERN CATTLE SCARCE. 
There is a great shortage in both na¬ 
tive and western range cattle, not 
caused specially by the war, but rather 
more by the low prices and panics of 
’93-’97. The good cattle first gave way 
to the pressure, followed closely by the 
forced dispersion of many of the large 
range herds. Not only this, but for the 
space of about five years, say 1892 to 
1897, there were professional spayers 
traveling all over the southern and 
western ranges, spaying, in many in¬ 
stances, 75 to 90 per cent of the heifers 
while in the farm districts the cow mer¬ 
chants were busy sending out drove 
after drove of the best cows of the 
country, all going direct to the slaugh- 
ter. 
With these facts before us, it is easy 
to account for the shortage, but it is not 
so easy to tell how long it will take to 
overcome it, as our cattle are now going 
on to the block at a much younger age 
and lighter weight than ever before. On 
the other hand, breeders are stimulated 
by the extraordinary demand and high 
prices to put forth their best efforts to 
increase their stocks, both in quality 
and quantity, hence there are more 
purebred beef herds now in ‘this westein 
country than ever before, and they are 
used exclusively for breeding purposes. 
My opinion is that it will require four or 
five years to accumulate a surplus. 
Savannah, Mo. n. kirtley. 
As a worm-destroyer. Dr. D. Jayne’s Tonic Vermi¬ 
fuge is uneqnaled, and to the weak and sickly, it is 
wonderfully helpiul as a strength-giver. 
In Its lncipiency, nearly every case of Lung and 
Throat disease is curable if promptly treated with 
Jayne’s Expectorant. 
If bilious take Jayne’s Painless Sanative Pills.— 
Adv 
TAKE CHANCES! 
Bur no Incubator aud pay for It before 
giving It a trial. The firm who will not 
sell on trial have no faith in their 
machines. We sell the celebrated PREMIER 
INCUBATOR ON TRIAL. Also sole manu- 
facturers of ISiinpHeltj • Ctttiiloguc 
and Poultry Helps* 5c. 
Hula Incubator Co., 60 Adams St., Delaware City,Del. 
A Lame Horse 
is neither valuable for use 
or sale. It is better not 
to have a lame horse. 
Tuttle’s 
Elixir 
cure* perineiiently nil form* of lamenoM, 
curb*. HplIntH, Knniln*, thriifth, Ac. Equally 
good for internal use for colic, founder, pneu¬ 
monia, distemper, <fec. Gun run teed to cure. 
Used and endorsed by Adams Express Company. 
Tuttle’s Family Elixir in the household cures 
rheumatism, sprains, bruises, Ac., and kills all pain instant¬ 
ly. Our 100-page book Veterinary Experience —FREE. 
DR. S. A. TUTTLE, 30 Beverly St., Boston, Mass- 
Beware of so-called Elixirs, none genuine hut Tuttles. 
When 
are 
High 
Begin to feed Sheridan’s 
Condition Powder to your 
flock early in the fall and your 
hens will coin money for you 
during fall and winter months 
when eggs are high. It makes 
hens healthy and makes 
them lay abundantly. 
SHERIDAN’S 
Condition Powder 
Used and endorsed by prosperous 
poultry raisers for over 30 years. 
Sold by druggists, grocers, feed dealers. If 
you cau’t get itwesend one pack. 2 dc; five, 
*1. A two-lb. can, $1 20. six, $5 Express 
paid. Sample Poultry Paper free. 
I. S. JOHNSON & CO., 
Boston, Mass. 
Cows barren 3 years 
MADE TO BREED. 
F^e. Moore Brothers, Albany, N. Y. 
Fleming’^ 
- 
Trade Mar’;. 
LUMP JAW 
Easily and thoroughly cured- 
New, common-sense method, ( 
not expensive. No cure, no < 
pay. FREE. A practical, ill-, 
ustrated treatise on the abso¬ 
lute cure of Lump Jaw, free to ' 
I readorsof thispaper. 
Fleming Bros., chemists, 
Union Stock Yards, Chicago, HI. 
THB IMFXOY1D 
VICTOR Incubator 
Hatohes Chickens by Steam, absolutely 
self-regulating. Th. simplest, met 
reliable, and cheapest flrit-claa. Hatches 
, In the market. Circulars FKEJL 
CEO. ERTEL CO., QUINCY, ILh. 
DOOM 
tOD** 
AT THE TOP 
Recognizing 
that there was 
- “room at the 
top, ” we have issued not an ordinary catalogue but the 
_ 20th Century Poultry Book. 
Contains the latest and best thought on the 
poultry question, from the egg through all 
its changes, to the market No subject 
r missed. Written from practical experience. 
IHll ^ The world renowned Reliable 
bat ors and Brooders, used all over the IT. S. and in 51 foreign 
countries, receive deserved attention. Book mailed anywhere for 10c. 
RELIABLE INC. & BROODER CO., Box B 101 Quincy, Ill. 
EASY EGC MONEY 
A man can easily make money selling eggs if he can but get the eggs* 
He cau get the eggs mi re— twice as many, if he will feed his hen. 
on Green Cut Bone. No better way to prepare it thau with 
GREEN BONE 
ADAM’S 
CUTTER 
It cuts on the shear plate principle. Takes off 
a fine ribbon like piece, easily consumed by the 
chicks or fowls. No sharp splinters to injure throat. I 
Turns easily. Only ball-bearing cutter made. For hand or power* 
Catalogue No.S3 free. W • J. ADAM, Joliet, III. 
DOUBLE THE PROFI1 
i .1 ..... hnnp in «fAr 1 r —r—' . 
be secured from hens In winter if 
>erly fed. Green Cut Bone is the 
egg producing food winter , //.i4g 
lmmer. Nothing equals the - 
INDY 6 "W 
>reparing bone. Cut pieces so 
chicks or mature fowls can. 
t eai.ll}' and without danger or 
ing. Hand and power ombined,—* 
3 th. Turn easy—cut fast. Catalogue and prices free 
atton & Osborne, Box 13, Erie, Penna 
Breeders’ Directory. 
White Wyandottes Exclusively.— 
Write wants. Spencer’s Poultry Farm, Phenix, K. I. 
C hoice Delaine and Black-Top Ewes and Rams for 
sale cheap. Smooth bodies; no wrinkles; all red’d. 
Correspondence invited. M.C.Mulkin, Friendship,N.Y 
Chester Swine, Collie Dogs, Fancy 
Poultry and Pigeons. PAINE, South Randolph, Vt. 
Jerseys —St. Lambert and Combina¬ 
tion —for SALK—Four Cows seven Heifers, s x- 
teen Bulls 8. E. N1VIN, Landinburg, Pa. 
POLAND-CIIINA AND LARGE ENGLISH 
Bkhkshikes. all ages, pairs not akin; strictly flrst- 
class stock. Price. *3 and upwards. 
W. A. LOTUERS, Lack, Pa. 
Dorset Rams for 
Stock Farm, Albany, Vt. 
Sale. — Maplemont 
Sale of Guernseys. 
Registered stock of all ages, from dams having un¬ 
usual records. Supt. Mahion Sager, Orangeville, Pa. 
SHROPSHIFtES. 
Rams from $15 up. Also, Lambs of either sex. A 
numoer of choice Ewes bred to the only prize Ram 
from New York State at the Syracuse Fair. 
J. C. DUNCAN, Lewiston. N. Y. 
HAMPSHIRES 
at a sacrifice. Ten choice 
Yearling Ewes, two Ram 
Lambs. For particulars address 
W. A. BASSETT, Homestead Farm Farmer, N.Y. 
Hampshire-Down Sheep & Rams for Sale 
Polled Durham C a 111 e yo K£ k ' 
All registered stock. 
JNO. I. GOKDON, Mercer, Pa. 
OeKOL’S BUTTER BOY SiKiiS 
DeKol, and Royal Paul No. 22979, combiningthe biood 
of Pauline Paul, Pietertje 2nd, Kontingen Van 
Friesland 5th and DeKol in one sire, head our choice 
herd of over 1U0 Holstelns. Sons ready for service 
and heavy milking cows bred to them for sale. Write 
now to DKLLHURST FARMS, MENTOR, OHIO. 
Registered Guernsey Bull Calf, 
four mon'hs old, large, extra yellow skin, dam heavy 
milker. No one makes a mistake getting this fellow, 
price. $50 f. o. b. or would exchange for Berkshire 
or Chester White Pigs. WHITE OAK RIDGE 
STOCK FARM, East Orange, N.J. 
GUERNSEYS. 
84 Cows averaged 399 pounds 
toitter each in 1898. Some 
choice young stock for sale. 
ELLERSLIE STOCK FARM, 
RHINECLIFF, N. Y 
Registered Jersey Cattle 
For Milk and Batter. 
R. F. SHANNON. 907 Liberty 8t.. Pltttbnrgh. Pa. 
SPEGIAL BARGAINS SWINE for next 30 
days. Write for prices. 
F. U. GATES & SONS, Chittenango, N. Y 
HOLSTEIN BULL CALVES 
of the best breeding, from 3 to 10 months old. Chester 
Whites, smooth and grow'hy Pamphlet free. Prices 
right CUAS. K. RECORD, Peterboio, N. Y 
Hogs ire Higher 
They are going up daily. 
■ b 
Get ready 
for the boom by breeding now. We 
send a sample pair of our 
FAMOUS 0.1. C. HOGS 
ON TIME. 
and allow you agency if you write 
promptly. TWO of these famous hogs 
weighed 2,80B lbs. VVrite to-day. 
L. B. SILVER CO. 
135 Grand Arcade Bldg., Cleveland, 0. 
BLOODED LIVE STOCK 
S hoop— Oxfords, Shropshire* .South- 
downs. Fancy Poultry. Plg»— 
Berkshires, Poland-Chinas, Chester 
Whites,Yorkshires. Catalogue free. 
Ik HOLMES. Harrisburg, Pa. 
Four Cheshire Sows 
from our prize herd 10 to Vi months old, two of them 
to farrow this month. Price. $15 to $13. 
K. U. BUTTON, Cottons. N.Y. 
POULTRY FOR 1900\ 
■ llow to make It pay bet¬ 
ter than ever, the contents of our uew POULTRY GUIDE. 
Tells a thousand things every hen owner should know. 
Treats the whole subject. 180 new and original illus¬ 
trations, recipes, poultry houses, etc. Worth $25,1 
but sent tor only 15 cent ft to puy pofttuge. 
JOHN BAUSCHER, JR., BOX 66. FREEPORT, ILLINOIS. 
DEATH TO LICE 
on HENS and CHICKENS 
, .. . — 64-page book FKKE. 
D. J. LAMBERT, Box 307, Apponaug. K. I. 
LOTS OF EGOS means lots of money. 
MANN’S NEW BONE CUTTERS 
are the difference between profit and loss in the poultry business. Cut flue, lust und easy. 
Mann’s Clover Cutters, Granite Crystal Grit and Swinning > ced l rnys . make the 
business protltable. Catalogue free. F. \V. MANN CO., Box 15 MIL! OKU, MASS. 
JA A CHOLERA PREVENTED AND CURED. 
S M ■ — Remedy cures Hog Cholera, Chicken Cholera, and is death to Worms. *1 Facka S® 
I ^rl enough for 50 Hogs. Will refund you the $1 if HfaUB. Dlr ® ct ^“./narkaHe 
each package. This is a scientific remedy, and willl save^y«u,r begs and oWckens. Order ll^pac^ag 
W You may have heavy losses by waiting 8CIKNTIFIC REMEDY t/O., iNa » 
