1899 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER: 
779 
THE NODULAR INTESTINAL DISEASE 
OF SHEEP. 
We have a flock of sheep, part of which 
I bred myself. Two years ago last April 
I bought 40 grade ewes, chiefly Cotswold 
and Shropshire; they were very thin when 
bought, having been fed on straw and bean 
fodder, very little hay, if any, and no 
grain. They range from three to six years 
old now; they have never done well, one 
after another seeming to dwindle away, 
and run down very fast. Recently we 
killed two of them; one was badly run 
down, the other one of the heartiest ap¬ 
parently of the lot, and in fair condition. 
We made a close examination and found 
the internal organs lined with tumors, 
from the gullet to the anus—but none on 
the stomach—the ulcers ranging from the 
size of a pin-head to that of a bean. The 
thin sheep was much the worse of the two. 
I am inclined to think that they are all 
affected in the same way, as every one we 
have killed is affected more or less. The 
meat is somewhat wet and flabby, liver 
rather soft, heart in good condition. I 
have an Englishman working for me who 
has been a shepherd all his life; he doesn’t 
know what to do for them, and cannot 
account for the cause. Can you tell us the 
cause, and is there any remedy for it? 
Three of our own breeding are running 
with them and seem all right, in good 
health and condition. J. N. mcp. 
Garbutt, N. Y. 
I am of the opinion that the poor con¬ 
dition of the sheep is due to intestinal 
worms. The nodules, or small tumors, 
scattered along the intestinal wall, are 
caused by embryos of the CEsophagos- 
toma Columbianum, a common round 
worm of sheep. The mature worm is 
found in the large intestine, and is from 
three-fourths to one inch in length. The 
nodules, when present in considerable 
numbers, cause general debility, with 
the anaemic, flabby condition you de¬ 
scribe. The losses from the disease are 
considerable in some sections of the 
country. There are probably also other 
intestinal worms present, because when 
sheep are badly infested with one 
species, they very often harbor several. 
Treatment of the disease is not very 
satisfactory. The adult intestinal worm 
is dislodged with difficulty, and the tu¬ 
mors cannot be reached. A course of oil 
of turpentine is one of the most effective 
remedies. Take of oil of turpentine, 
four ounces; raw linseed oil, 16 ounces; 
mix by shaking weil together in a quart 
bottle or can. Care should be taken 
that the oils are thoroughly mixed just 
before administration. The dose for 
large sheep is three to four ounces, to 
be given by drenching. The medicine is 
most effective when given on an empty 
stomach, after a fast of at least 12 
hours. Follow by a light diet for an¬ 
other 12 hours, when a mild physic 
should be given (three to four ounces 
Epsom salts dissolved in one-half pint 
of water, or three to four ounces castor 
oil). Repeat the course of treatment 
once a week for two or three weeks. As 
a tonic to help build up the sheep, and 
also as a preservative against the 
worms, give to each sheep one large tea¬ 
spoonful of following powder, once 
daily, in a grain ration: Common salt, 
16 ounces; gentian, eight ounces; pow¬ 
dered dry sulphate of iron and nux 
vomica, of each four ounces. Mix. The 
sheep should be fed liberally. 
During the Summer the sheep should 
have access only to pure running water. 
Stagnant water is always favorable to 
the propagation and introduction of a 
large number of intestinal worms. Free 
access to a box of salt at all times will 
materially assist in preventing worm in¬ 
fection. F. L. KILBORNE. 
SHEEP ON THE PLAINS. 
Secretary F. D. Coburn, of Kansas, 
has issued an interesting account of the 
experience of A. T. Howden, a veteran 
Kansas sheep breeder. Some of our 
eastern sheep men will je startled at 
the following account of the way young 
lambs are handled: 
It is imperative in these days of low- 
priced wool to save every lamb possible, 
for not only our profits, but making ex¬ 
penses, depend upon our success in this 
particular. Our greatest trouble arises 
from being compelled to put too many 
young lambs together before the ewe 
has become familiar with her own. 
Think of a young mother, with all her 
intelligence, trying to find her young 
babe among 60 others that were only 
born yesterday. The lambing season 
commences May 1. When the herder 
sees a ewe about to drop her lamb he 
ties a piece of red muslin around her 
neck, and when the lamb is dropped he 
ties a similar piece around its neck, and 
leaves them on the prairie together. 
The next ewe and lamb are marked the 
same, except that the strings have each 
one knot in the end; the next have two 
knots, etc. In the afternoon the stable 
boss takes a horse and cart; the latter 
has a box partitioned off, so that each 
compartment will hold one ewe and 
lamb. He gathers all of them up on 
the prairie, takes them to the barn, and 
puts each ewe and lamb into a box three 
feet square. In the evening he examines 
all, to see if the lambs have nursed. 
During the night, until 12 o’clock, he 
goes through the flock every two hours, 
and takes into the stable any ewes that 
may have had lambs. On very stormy 
nights this is continued all night. In 
the morning he again examines all the 
ewes, to ascertain if the lambs have 
nursed, takes the strings off, marks the 
ewe and her lamb with the same mark 
in paint, having a distinct mark for 
each pair. If any ewes do not own their 
lambs they remain in their box until 
they do. The lambs of the previous day 
and their dams are then turned into a 
three-acre rye lot until the next day, 
when they are turned into a 50-acre 
pasture, and the same process repeated 
with the next day’s crop. 
As soon as there are 150 lambs in the 
50-acre pasture they are changed to a 
100-acre pasture. When the number 
there reaches 300 to 400 a herder is put 
in charge, and they go to the prairie. 
All the time, until the youngest lamb is 
10 days old, the herder in charge is sup¬ 
posed to keep a close watch, and see 
that no ewe is unable to find or deserts 
her lamb. In case she does, she and the 
lamb are taken back and put in the box. 
At 10 days old, the ewe is supposed to be 
able to call her lamb from the flock by 
her bleat. 
The Farmer’s Voice states that the aver¬ 
age annual butter product of each of the 
17,000,000 cows in the United States is only 
130 pounds. 
The Texas Stockman says that there are 
about 85,000,000 sheep in Argentina. Most 
of the wool goes to the European markets, 
but the carpet manufacturers of this coun¬ 
try use some of the long coarse stock. 
Dairy and Creamery says that some 
men have a $30 cow that doesn’t bring as 
much clear profit as their 30-cent hen, yet 
they kill the hen and keep the cow right 
along, because they don’t count the cost 
of anything, so as to know for a certainty 
just what they are doing. 
Lamb Notes. —A sheep had a very large 
lamb born dead, but she staid by it and 
owned it. I took them to the barn, took 
a twin lamb, and removed the skin from 
the dead one and slipped it on the twin, 
lifting the skin without cutting the legs 
open and put the twin’s legs through, the 
same way we put on a coat. I shut them 
up alone, and the ewe owned the strange 
lamb without trouble. Her lamb never 
speaking, it was quite a change to give her 
an angry lamb. c. a. 
NEW 20TH CENTURY 
CREAM SEPARATORS 
Sept. 1st marked the 
introduction of the im¬ 
proved 20th Century 
“Baby” or “Dairy” sizes 
of De Laval Cream Sepa¬ 
rators and these newest 
“Alpha” disc machines 
are simply unapproach¬ 
able by anything else in 
the shape of a cream sepa¬ 
rator. Overwhelming as 
has been the conceded su¬ 
periority of the De Laval 
machines heretofore their 
standard is now raised still 
higher and they are more 
than ever placed in a class 
by themselves as regards all 
possible competition. 
Send for new catalogue. 
THE DE LAVAL SEPARATOR GO. 
Randolph & Canal St8., I 74 Cortlandt Street, 
CHICAGO. I NEW YORK. 
“Always In the Lead and Now 3etter Than Ever.” 
THE UNITED STATES 
CREAM SEPARATORS. 
T HE Improved United States Cream Separators have 
been proven by tests repeated from year to year, 
at all Agricultural Experiment Stations in the 
last four or five years, to be superior to all other Cream 
Separators, many tests of the skim milk showing only .01 
or .02, and are now still further improved and greatly in¬ 
creased in capacity for 
1900 OR THE NEW CENTURY. 
All experienced Cream Separator operators concede that 
the United States is unapproached in thoroughness of 
separation and perfection of manufacture. All gears are 
enclosed; Bowl Spindle covered with brass shield; have 
ball bearings. The most cost is put into their manufacture, 
and they are therefore better and will wear longer, yet are 
sold for less than others considering capacity and close 
skimming- 
-aro therefore the cheapest, because the best. 
Examine “New Century” Prices and Capacities. 
No. 9. 
No. 8. 
No. 7. 
No. 6. 
No. 5. 
No. 3>£. 
Low Frame. 
<< ii 
High “ 
Capacity ISO to 175 lbs., $50.00 
“ 225 to 250 “ $65.00 
“ 275 to 300 “ $85.00 
“ 350 to 400 “ $100.00 
“ 450 to 500 “ $125.00 
“ 650 to 700 “ $165.00 
Don’t be inveigled into purchasing a Cream Separator 
until you have first sent for the “ Hew Century ” Catalogue 
of the United States, which will bo mailed you free. 
Agents wanted in all towns not at present canvassed 
VERMONT FARM MACHINE CO., 
BELLOWS FALLS, VERMONT. 
iQUBLE THE FOOD VALUE 
lean be secured from grain fed to live stock if it is cooked. It is 
[more easily digested and assimilated by the animal stomach. 
ELECTRIC FEED COOKERS 
cook ieed in the quickest and best way and with the least amount of fuel. 
Made ef cast iron, lined with steel. Boilers made of heavy galvanized 
steel, made in 12 sizes. Capacity from 25 to 100 gals. Strong, well made 
and will last indefinitely. Order before the cold weather catches you. 
circulars and prices. Electric Wheel Go., Box 88, Quincy, 
These 
Don’t! 
Don’t think if you buy a 
farm separator you must 
buy something compli¬ 
cated and hard to manage. 
Don’t think that because 
one kind of farm separa¬ 
tor requires an hour to 
wash it that all do. 
Don’t think that constant 
repair bills are a neces¬ 
sity just because some one 
with a complicated sepa¬ 
rator has to pay them. 
Don’t think that some other farm separator is 
as good as the Sharpies because an agent for 
the other condemns the Sharpies. 
Send for Catalogue No. 25. 
The Sharpies Co., P. M. SHARPLES 
Canal & Washington Sts., West Chester, Pa., 
CHICAGO. U. S. A. 
AGENTS 
WANTED. 
All 
Inquiries 
Answered. 
THE BEST FOR 
THE DAIRY, 
be It large or small, Is 
the celebrated 
Kneeland 
Omega 
Separator 
Least In cost, great¬ 
est In economy, sim¬ 
plicity, durability; slow speed, so little power 
required, and easy to operate. Only two parts 
to clean, which can be done in 3 minutes. No 
possible clogging in the bowl. An all around 
machine of highest quality. Guaranteed to 
satisfy, or your money back. 
“Good Butter and How to Make It,” Is our 
free hook, of value to everyone. Send for it. 
THE KNEELAND CRYSTAL CREAMERY CO., 
2H Concord Street, Lansing, Mich. 
Top Price Butter. 
The kind that a fancy private 
trade demands, is colored with 
Thatcher’s Orange Butter Color — 
the color that does not contain 
any poison. Send for a sample. 
THATCHER MF8. CO., Potsdam, N.Y. 
WOODWARD'S WATERING BASIN 
K STLBLE NECESSITY. SEE WHAT OTHERS SAY 01 IT. 
Cirrul.r. Free. J. S. WOODW ARD .5 SON. LOCK TORT. 5 ' 
A FEED COOKER 
is a money saver on every farm. It 
increases the grain you have by 
making It more palatable and di 
gestible. THE 
FARMER’S, FAVORITE 
is a thoroughly reliable cooker at a 
reasonable price. Furnace made of 
best gray iron; boiler of best gal¬ 
vanized steel. It is of special value 
for cnoklng feed for ull kinds of 
live stock and poultry; for heat¬ 
ing water for scalding hogs, etc. 
Excellent for evaporating Maple 
. „ „ , sap, boiling down syrup, “sugar- 
ln<? off, etc, _ Just the thinpr for boil ins; down cider. 
Don’t buy until you tret our circulars ana prices. 
L. R. LEWIS, 12 Main St., Cortland, N. Y. 
COOK Your FEED and Save 
Half the Cost—with the 
PROFIT FARM BOILER 
lping Caldron. Emp¬ 
ties Us kettle in one minute. The 
simplest and best arrangement for 
cooking food for stock. Also make 
I>airy and Laundry Stoves, 
Water and Steam Jacket Ket¬ 
tles, Hog Scalders, Caldrons, 
etc. 0T Send for circulars, 
D. R. SPEUItr & Co.. Batavia. ;il. 
Newton’s rAWTIli' 
Improved »» AUk 
Holds them flrmly, draws 
them forward when lying 
down, pushes back when 
standing, gives freedom 
of head, beeps them clean 
E. C. NEWTON CO. 
Batavia, Ill. Catalogue Frw 
THE CHAIN HANGING 
GATTLE STANCHION. 
The most practical and humane Fastener ever in¬ 
vented. Gives perfect freedom of the head. Illus¬ 
trated Circular and Price free on application. 
Manufactured by O. H. ROBKBTSON, 
Forestvllle, Conn. 
“CORED TO DEATH” 
is the startling headline of piany a news 
paper article. Hornless animals are safe 
done with the 
KEYSTONE KNIFE, 
Highest 
Award 
DEHORNING........ 
causes less pain than any device 
made. Cuts on 4 sides at once—clean 
and quick, no crushing or tearing.. 
Fuily warranted. Circular. FREE. jTW 
* ~ BROSIUS, COCHRANVILLE, PENN. 
A. C 
LATEST 
(Newton’s Patent.) 
Every 
Dehorner 
Guaranteed 
IMPROVED 
THOUSANDS IN USE. 
Ask your hardware dealer for them or write 
II. II. BROWN MFC. CO.. - - DECATUR, ILL. 
SMALL’S CALF FEEDER. 
Calves suck their milk, grow sleek, 
thrifty and very large, commanding the 
highest market prices for veal or dairy. 
Write for free circulars. 
J. B. Small & Co., Boston, Mass. 
